- Email: [email protected]
Nanoparticle-based strategies for high-performance biodetection
Journal of Biotechnology 136S (2008) S760–S762
Contents lists available at ScienceDirect
Journal of Biotechnology journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/jbiotec
Abstracts
Section IX Biosafety and bioeconomy
IL-023 Stimulating the bioeconomy: Avoiding the pitfalls and obstacles in deploying sustainable biotechnology Alan McHughen UC Riverside, USA The impact of products of agricultural biotechnology since their commercial deployment in the 1990s has been measured by several governmental, academic and other sources. The primary impacts are seen in agriculture, particularly GM crops, which have made dramatic inroads in those developed and developing countries where they have been approved for cultivation. There are also impacts in non-food sectors, such as in the biofuels community. Lacking, however, are the considerations of the economic, social and environmental impacts of failing to deploy appropriate tools of agricultural biotechnology to fight hunger, malnutrition, poverty, environmental deterioration and other targets of opportunity.
of pathogenic organisms’ is a selective overview of molecular recognition elements currently impacting biosensing of pathogenic organisms. With the advent of nanostructures and new interface materials, these recognition elements will be major players in future pathogen detection biosensor development. Although transduction of the biorecognition event constitutes a separate and obvious important area of biosensor development, the focus of the presentation will be solely that of biosensor recognition element development important to the detection of pathogens. Acknowledgement US Army Contract W911SR-08-C-0024. Reference Chambers, J.P., Arulanandam, B.P., Matta, L.L., Weis, A., Valdes, J.J., 2008. Biosensor recognition elements. Curr. Issues Mol. Biol. 10, 1–12.
doi:10.1016/j.jbiotec.2008.07.1644
doi:10.1016/j.jbiotec.2008.07.1645
IL-044
IL-060
Biosensors for detection of pathogenic organisms James P.
Chambers 1 ,
James J.
Valdes 2,∗
1
Department of Biology, The University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA 2 Office of the Scientific Advisor for Biotechnology, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010, USA E-mail address: [email protected] (J.J. Valdes).
Molecular recognition is central to biosensing (Chambers et al., 2008). A biosensor can be defined as a ‘compact, analytical device incorporating a biological or biologically-derived sensitive ‘recognition’ element integrated or associated with a physiochemical transducer’. Initially, biosensor recognition elements were assumed to be isolated from a living system. However, many biosensor recognition elements now available are not naturally occurring but ones that have been synthesized in the laboratory. With the emergence of recombinatorially derived protein and nucleic acid constructs, generation of potentially useful sensor molecular recognition elements are arising from paths not even taken by nature. The presentation ‘Biosensors for detection
0168-1656/$ – see front matter
Nanoparticle-based strategies for high-performance biodetection Dun Pan, Juan Yan, Lihua Wang, Shiping Song, Chunhai Fan ∗ Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China E-mail address: [email protected] (C. Fan). The use of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) has a long history in biology, dating back to the application of “immunogold” in biological imaging in the 1970’s. Based one the unique optical and electronic properties of AuNPs, a series of methods for ultrasensitive detection of DNA and proteins by using AuNPs have been developed. This has motivated intense interest to develop AuNPs-based biodetection. Here, I will present several examples from our group, demonstrating enhanced biodetection performance by exploiting nanoparticle–biomolecules interactions. In one of the studies, we interrogated the interactions between AuNPs and aptamer detection. Gold nanoparticles can effectively differentiate unstructured and folded DNA, thus providing a novel approach to probe nucleic acid structures. In the presence of
Abstracts / Journal of Biotechnology 136S (2008) S760–S762
unstructured DNA aptamers for K+ , gold nanoparticles are stabilized by adsorbed DNA and show great resistance to high ionic strength, thus exhibiting the red color characteristic of dispersed gold nanoparticles. In contrast, gold nanoparticles do not have sufficient affinity to folded aptamers that are bound to the ligand K+ . As a result, gold nanoparticles get aggregated by the added salt and turn to the purple color arising due to the shift of the surface plasmon resonance. Based on such red-to-purple color change, we demonstrate that gold nanoparticles are a sensitive and selective probe for K+ -induced structural variation of the aptamer. In the other study, we designed a novel multi-component nanoprobe by assembling AuNPs with thiolated DNA detection probe, horseradish peroxidase (HRP) and bovine serum albumin (BSA). In this nanoprobe, DNA detection probe was used to construct the complex for the “sandwich”-based DNA detection, HRP translated hybridization event into enzymatic catalysis-based optical signals and BSA acted as a non-specific blocker. This configuration significantly simplified DNA assays. By using this novel nanoprobe, we could selectively detect as few as 100 pM target DNA even with naked eyes, and this sensitivity could be significantly improved by instrument-based assays (25 pM with absorption and 1 pM with fluorescence). We also demonstrated that the nanoprobe-based strategy could be applicable to DNA detection in complicated biological fluids. Given the simplicity, high sensitivity and selectivity of this method, we propose that it might be a promising approach to perform DNA-based diagnostics.
Acknowledgements We greatly appreciate the financial support from NSFC and Shanghai Municipal Commission for Science and Technology (0752nm021).
S761
It is possible to summarize the technological expectation in the following four topics: Reduce by 2–10-fold costs of technologies for integrated supply, conversion, manufacturing, and application systems for bio-based products and bioenergy by 2010. Accelerate commercial readiness and acceptance of integrated biobased products. Assess environmental and ecosystem impacts of, and enhance the benefits of, at all stages of development. Foster innovation-driven science of biomass feedstocks, biobased products, and bioenergy and quickly incorporate these scientific results in the relevant technology-development activities. The scientific achievements necessary in order to progress in this direction are: Higher biomass production is urgently needed. Improved process ability of biomass, for bioenergy and biomaterials, needs to be achieved. Improved resource use efficiency is the key to higher biomass yield at low environmental impact. Increased genetic diversity of bioenergy plants is key to achieving new properties in bioenergy crops. Significant investments into research and implementation similar to those presently done in leading countries outside Europe at national and European levels. Co-ordination with industry as well as governmental agencies and NGOs. Security of supply of agricultural and forest-based raw materials. Conformity with equivalent environmental and social standards both for agricultural and biofuels. Maintenance of production plants and renewable raw materials in Europe. Creation of added value in rural areas.
References Li, H., Rothberg, L., 2004. Colorimetric detection of DNA sequences based on electrostatic interactions with unmodified gold nanoparticles. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 101, 14036–14039. Li, J., Song, S., Liu, X., wang, L., Pan, D., Huang, Q., Zhao, Y., Fan, C., 2008. Enzymebased multi-component optical nanoprobes for sequence-specific detection of DNA hybridization. Adv. Mater. 20, 479–500. Rosi, N.L., Mirkin, C.A., 2005. Nanostructures in biodiagnostics. Chem. Rev. 105, 1547–1562. Wang, J., Wang, L., Liu, X., Liang, Z., Song, S., Li, W., Li, G., Fan, C., 2007. A gold nanoparticle-based aptamer target binding readout for ATP assay. Adv. Mater. 19, 3943–3946. Wang, L., Liu, X., Hu, X., Song, S., Fan, C., 2006. Unmodified gold nanoparticles as a colorimetric probe for potassium DNA aptamers. Chem. Commun., 3780–3782.
doi:10.1016/j.jbiotec.2008.07.1646 IL-067 Is it possible to achieve profitability considering sustainability, social and regulatory issues together? George Sakellaris National Hellenic Research Foundation, Athens, Greece E-mail address: [email protected]. Biomass represents an abundant carbon-neutral renewable resource for the production of bioenergy and biomaterials, and its enhanced use would address several societal needs. The integration of agroenergy crops and biorefinery manufacturing technologies offers the potential for the development of sustainable biopower and biomaterials that will lead to a new manufacturing example.
The available arable land Based on the scientific and technological forecasting, market and economical perspectives have been established. In fast-changing scientific fields like biotechnology, new information and discoveries should influence the balance of risks and rewards and their associated media coverage. Few technologies have received as much news coverage as biotechnology. There is some evidence that news media have been ambivalent about agricultural biotechnology and more positive towards medical applications. Public attitudes towards agricultural and medical biotechnology have seemed to mirror the news media’s stance. Certainly, publics have been skeptical of biotechnology’s use in agriculture. In contrast, opinion polls regarding medical biotechnology applications are globally more positive. The question is if media can shape public perceptions and attitudes toward biotechnology. Public perception is determined by subjective questions and technological statements such as: Can Biotechnology meet the needs of the poor? How the new technology will feed 10 billion people by the year on 2060? Public sector research and international technology transfer, Gene Revolution: Paradigm for agricultural R&D, Economic Impacts from GM in food, Food safety [Risk analysis/security, Health benefits], Environmental implications. Also the public started considering: Risk vs. Benefit – Consideration of other applications – Different perception in various countries – Moral and ethical concerns–
Contents lists available at ScienceDirect
Journal of Biotechnology journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/jbiotec
Abstracts
Section IX Biosafety and bioeconomy
IL-023 Stimulating the bioeconomy: Avoiding the pitfalls and obstacles in deploying sustainable biotechnology Alan McHughen UC Riverside, USA The impact of products of agricultural biotechnology since their commercial deployment in the 1990s has been measured by several governmental, academic and other sources. The primary impacts are seen in agriculture, particularly GM crops, which have made dramatic inroads in those developed and developing countries where they have been approved for cultivation. There are also impacts in non-food sectors, such as in the biofuels community. Lacking, however, are the considerations of the economic, social and environmental impacts of failing to deploy appropriate tools of agricultural biotechnology to fight hunger, malnutrition, poverty, environmental deterioration and other targets of opportunity.
of pathogenic organisms’ is a selective overview of molecular recognition elements currently impacting biosensing of pathogenic organisms. With the advent of nanostructures and new interface materials, these recognition elements will be major players in future pathogen detection biosensor development. Although transduction of the biorecognition event constitutes a separate and obvious important area of biosensor development, the focus of the presentation will be solely that of biosensor recognition element development important to the detection of pathogens. Acknowledgement US Army Contract W911SR-08-C-0024. Reference Chambers, J.P., Arulanandam, B.P., Matta, L.L., Weis, A., Valdes, J.J., 2008. Biosensor recognition elements. Curr. Issues Mol. Biol. 10, 1–12.
doi:10.1016/j.jbiotec.2008.07.1644
doi:10.1016/j.jbiotec.2008.07.1645
IL-044
IL-060
Biosensors for detection of pathogenic organisms James P.
Chambers 1 ,
James J.
Valdes 2,∗
1
Department of Biology, The University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA 2 Office of the Scientific Advisor for Biotechnology, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010, USA E-mail address: [email protected] (J.J. Valdes).
Molecular recognition is central to biosensing (Chambers et al., 2008). A biosensor can be defined as a ‘compact, analytical device incorporating a biological or biologically-derived sensitive ‘recognition’ element integrated or associated with a physiochemical transducer’. Initially, biosensor recognition elements were assumed to be isolated from a living system. However, many biosensor recognition elements now available are not naturally occurring but ones that have been synthesized in the laboratory. With the emergence of recombinatorially derived protein and nucleic acid constructs, generation of potentially useful sensor molecular recognition elements are arising from paths not even taken by nature. The presentation ‘Biosensors for detection
0168-1656/$ – see front matter
Nanoparticle-based strategies for high-performance biodetection Dun Pan, Juan Yan, Lihua Wang, Shiping Song, Chunhai Fan ∗ Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China E-mail address: [email protected] (C. Fan). The use of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) has a long history in biology, dating back to the application of “immunogold” in biological imaging in the 1970’s. Based one the unique optical and electronic properties of AuNPs, a series of methods for ultrasensitive detection of DNA and proteins by using AuNPs have been developed. This has motivated intense interest to develop AuNPs-based biodetection. Here, I will present several examples from our group, demonstrating enhanced biodetection performance by exploiting nanoparticle–biomolecules interactions. In one of the studies, we interrogated the interactions between AuNPs and aptamer detection. Gold nanoparticles can effectively differentiate unstructured and folded DNA, thus providing a novel approach to probe nucleic acid structures. In the presence of
Abstracts / Journal of Biotechnology 136S (2008) S760–S762
unstructured DNA aptamers for K+ , gold nanoparticles are stabilized by adsorbed DNA and show great resistance to high ionic strength, thus exhibiting the red color characteristic of dispersed gold nanoparticles. In contrast, gold nanoparticles do not have sufficient affinity to folded aptamers that are bound to the ligand K+ . As a result, gold nanoparticles get aggregated by the added salt and turn to the purple color arising due to the shift of the surface plasmon resonance. Based on such red-to-purple color change, we demonstrate that gold nanoparticles are a sensitive and selective probe for K+ -induced structural variation of the aptamer. In the other study, we designed a novel multi-component nanoprobe by assembling AuNPs with thiolated DNA detection probe, horseradish peroxidase (HRP) and bovine serum albumin (BSA). In this nanoprobe, DNA detection probe was used to construct the complex for the “sandwich”-based DNA detection, HRP translated hybridization event into enzymatic catalysis-based optical signals and BSA acted as a non-specific blocker. This configuration significantly simplified DNA assays. By using this novel nanoprobe, we could selectively detect as few as 100 pM target DNA even with naked eyes, and this sensitivity could be significantly improved by instrument-based assays (25 pM with absorption and 1 pM with fluorescence). We also demonstrated that the nanoprobe-based strategy could be applicable to DNA detection in complicated biological fluids. Given the simplicity, high sensitivity and selectivity of this method, we propose that it might be a promising approach to perform DNA-based diagnostics.
Acknowledgements We greatly appreciate the financial support from NSFC and Shanghai Municipal Commission for Science and Technology (0752nm021).
S761
It is possible to summarize the technological expectation in the following four topics: Reduce by 2–10-fold costs of technologies for integrated supply, conversion, manufacturing, and application systems for bio-based products and bioenergy by 2010. Accelerate commercial readiness and acceptance of integrated biobased products. Assess environmental and ecosystem impacts of, and enhance the benefits of, at all stages of development. Foster innovation-driven science of biomass feedstocks, biobased products, and bioenergy and quickly incorporate these scientific results in the relevant technology-development activities. The scientific achievements necessary in order to progress in this direction are: Higher biomass production is urgently needed. Improved process ability of biomass, for bioenergy and biomaterials, needs to be achieved. Improved resource use efficiency is the key to higher biomass yield at low environmental impact. Increased genetic diversity of bioenergy plants is key to achieving new properties in bioenergy crops. Significant investments into research and implementation similar to those presently done in leading countries outside Europe at national and European levels. Co-ordination with industry as well as governmental agencies and NGOs. Security of supply of agricultural and forest-based raw materials. Conformity with equivalent environmental and social standards both for agricultural and biofuels. Maintenance of production plants and renewable raw materials in Europe. Creation of added value in rural areas.
References Li, H., Rothberg, L., 2004. Colorimetric detection of DNA sequences based on electrostatic interactions with unmodified gold nanoparticles. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 101, 14036–14039. Li, J., Song, S., Liu, X., wang, L., Pan, D., Huang, Q., Zhao, Y., Fan, C., 2008. Enzymebased multi-component optical nanoprobes for sequence-specific detection of DNA hybridization. Adv. Mater. 20, 479–500. Rosi, N.L., Mirkin, C.A., 2005. Nanostructures in biodiagnostics. Chem. Rev. 105, 1547–1562. Wang, J., Wang, L., Liu, X., Liang, Z., Song, S., Li, W., Li, G., Fan, C., 2007. A gold nanoparticle-based aptamer target binding readout for ATP assay. Adv. Mater. 19, 3943–3946. Wang, L., Liu, X., Hu, X., Song, S., Fan, C., 2006. Unmodified gold nanoparticles as a colorimetric probe for potassium DNA aptamers. Chem. Commun., 3780–3782.
doi:10.1016/j.jbiotec.2008.07.1646 IL-067 Is it possible to achieve profitability considering sustainability, social and regulatory issues together? George Sakellaris National Hellenic Research Foundation, Athens, Greece E-mail address: [email protected]. Biomass represents an abundant carbon-neutral renewable resource for the production of bioenergy and biomaterials, and its enhanced use would address several societal needs. The integration of agroenergy crops and biorefinery manufacturing technologies offers the potential for the development of sustainable biopower and biomaterials that will lead to a new manufacturing example.
The available arable land Based on the scientific and technological forecasting, market and economical perspectives have been established. In fast-changing scientific fields like biotechnology, new information and discoveries should influence the balance of risks and rewards and their associated media coverage. Few technologies have received as much news coverage as biotechnology. There is some evidence that news media have been ambivalent about agricultural biotechnology and more positive towards medical applications. Public attitudes towards agricultural and medical biotechnology have seemed to mirror the news media’s stance. Certainly, publics have been skeptical of biotechnology’s use in agriculture. In contrast, opinion polls regarding medical biotechnology applications are globally more positive. The question is if media can shape public perceptions and attitudes toward biotechnology. Public perception is determined by subjective questions and technological statements such as: Can Biotechnology meet the needs of the poor? How the new technology will feed 10 billion people by the year on 2060? Public sector research and international technology transfer, Gene Revolution: Paradigm for agricultural R&D, Economic Impacts from GM in food, Food safety [Risk analysis/security, Health benefits], Environmental implications. Also the public started considering: Risk vs. Benefit – Consideration of other applications – Different perception in various countries – Moral and ethical concerns–