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On the introduction of spat-rearing and experimental culture of bay scallop, Argopecten irradians (Lamarck)
resented the northern subspecies, M. s. salmoides, and another stock represented the Florida subspecies, M. s. floridanus. The two remaining stocks were domestic, intergrade stocks. We assayed products of 64 loci and found 40 could be resolved from caudal fin tissue. Products of an additional three loci could be resolved from red blood cells. No additional information was gained from analysis of plasma (three loci), pelvic fin (39 loci), or skin-epithelium (38 loci) with the exception of glucosidase (E.C. 3.2.1.20) which was resolved using plasma or pelvic fin tissue. Our work, along with that of others, has resulted in the electrophoretic analysis of 70 structural loci in largemouth bass. Of these 70 loci, 23 (33% ) were found to be polymorphic. Loci from at least 16 (70%) of the 23 polymorphic loci can be resolved from fin tissue. Of the 64 loci which we examined, the following list consists of the 44 enzymes or proteins which can be resolved by vertical starch-gel electrophoresis from low-risk tissue samples. Each enzyme is represented by its “Commission of Biological Nomenclature” number. Those which have been found to be polymorphic and can be resolved in fin tissue are in parentheses: ACP, 3.1.3.2; ACONl, 4.2.1.3; (ADA, 3.5.4.4); AK, 2.7.4.3; (CKA, 2.7.3.2); (CKB, 2.7.3.2); (CKC, 2.7.3.2); ENO, 4.2.1.11; FUM, 4.2.1.2; GGPD, 1.1.1.49; (GPII, 5.3.1.9); (GPIB, 5.3.1.9); GLU, 3.2.1.20; GUS, 3.2.1.31; GOTA, 2.6.1.1; (GOTM, 2.6.1.1); GS, 6.3.1.2; GAPDl, 1.2.1.12; GLO, 4.4.1.5; GUK2, 2.7.4.8; Hemoglobin - 1; Hemoglobin - 2; ITP, 3.6.1.19; (IDHB, 1.1.1.42); (LDHA, 1.1.1.27); LDHB, 1.1.1.27; MAN, 3.2.1.24; MDHZ, 1.1.1.37; (MDHS, 1.1.1.37); ME, 1.1.1.40; (MPI, 5.3.1.8); NP2, 2.4.2.1; PEPI, 3.4.11;PEP2,3.4.11;(PEP3,3.4.11);(PGM,2.7.5.1);(6PGD,1.1.1.44);PGK2.7.2.3;PKI,2.7.1.40; PK2,2.7.1.40; SODl, 1.15.1.1; (SOD2, 1.15.1.1); TPIl, 5.3.1.1; (TPIP, 5.3.1.1). Taking low-risk tissues from largemouth bass to use in electrophoretic analysis does not appear to adversely affect growth, reproduction, survival, or behavior of the fish. In addition, the cost in terms of equipment, skill, and time required to take the tissues - particular fin - is minimal, especially when compared to earlier biopsy techniques. The use of low-risk tissues in electrophoretie analysis is a useful technique in genetics and breeding programs, particularly where genetic identification of valuable, rare or endangered individuals is concerned.
On the introduction of spat-rearing and experimental culture of bay scallop, Argopecten irradians (Lamarck)
FUSUI ZHANG, HE YICHAO, LIU XIANGSHENG
and MA JIANGHU
Institute of Oceanology, Academica Sinica, Shandong Province (China)
ABSTRACT For years we have planned the introduction of bay scallops from the east coast of the U.S.A. into China for experimental culture to try to shorten the economic turnover from 2 years needed for culturing the local scallops, Chlamys farreri, to 1 year by introducing the bay scallop. Parent bay scallops from the U.S.A. were carried to Qingdao, China on 20 December 1982, stocked in indoor tanks at conditioning temperature, and fed with a mixture of Phaeodictylum tricornutum, Pyramimonas sp., Platymonas sp. and Chlorella sp. They spawned on 26 January 1983. The hatched larvae were reared at 18-21”C, and fed with Isochrysis galbana, Pyramimonas sp. and Chlorella sp. In a week’s growth, the spats averaged 827 pm and on 9 May attained 6.9 mm. In the middle of May, the seed scallops were transferred to Luoyuan Bay, Fujian Province, Jiaozhou Bay, and off Cape Taiping near Qingdao, Shandong Province, for experimental culture, where they were
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stored in plastic netcages suspended on a single line from a raft. Bay scallops cultured in Luoyuan Bay grew to an average shell height of 41 mm and 16.9 g average weight by 15 August, with a monthly mean increase of 10.4 mm. In Jiaozhou Bay and Cape Taiping, they grew to an average shell height of 50 mm (marketable size) and 26 average weight in late September and attained 59 mm average shell height (range 39-75 mm) and 46 g average weight in late December. The ovary and testis in the gonad could be distinguished by color in August. Eggs and sperm were collected in the laboratory in early September, from which the second generation of seed scallops were reared successfully and grown and bred normally. They will be harvested within 1 year, counting from egg fertilization. We consider it a suitable species for mariculture in the Yellow Sea and East China Sea. We have enlarged the culture area to l/3 ha and grown about 500 000 bay scallops for social economic tests with seed scallops reared last April. They may be ready for harvesting at the end of 1984.
On the introduction of spat-rearing and experimental culture of bay scallop, Argopecten irradians (Lamarck)
FUSUI ZHANG, HE YICHAO, LIU XIANGSHENG
and MA JIANGHU
Institute of Oceanology, Academica Sinica, Shandong Province (China)
ABSTRACT For years we have planned the introduction of bay scallops from the east coast of the U.S.A. into China for experimental culture to try to shorten the economic turnover from 2 years needed for culturing the local scallops, Chlamys farreri, to 1 year by introducing the bay scallop. Parent bay scallops from the U.S.A. were carried to Qingdao, China on 20 December 1982, stocked in indoor tanks at conditioning temperature, and fed with a mixture of Phaeodictylum tricornutum, Pyramimonas sp., Platymonas sp. and Chlorella sp. They spawned on 26 January 1983. The hatched larvae were reared at 18-21”C, and fed with Isochrysis galbana, Pyramimonas sp. and Chlorella sp. In a week’s growth, the spats averaged 827 pm and on 9 May attained 6.9 mm. In the middle of May, the seed scallops were transferred to Luoyuan Bay, Fujian Province, Jiaozhou Bay, and off Cape Taiping near Qingdao, Shandong Province, for experimental culture, where they were
379
stored in plastic netcages suspended on a single line from a raft. Bay scallops cultured in Luoyuan Bay grew to an average shell height of 41 mm and 16.9 g average weight by 15 August, with a monthly mean increase of 10.4 mm. In Jiaozhou Bay and Cape Taiping, they grew to an average shell height of 50 mm (marketable size) and 26 average weight in late September and attained 59 mm average shell height (range 39-75 mm) and 46 g average weight in late December. The ovary and testis in the gonad could be distinguished by color in August. Eggs and sperm were collected in the laboratory in early September, from which the second generation of seed scallops were reared successfully and grown and bred normally. They will be harvested within 1 year, counting from egg fertilization. We consider it a suitable species for mariculture in the Yellow Sea and East China Sea. We have enlarged the culture area to l/3 ha and grown about 500 000 bay scallops for social economic tests with seed scallops reared last April. They may be ready for harvesting at the end of 1984.