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P.8.a.013 Personality disorders in a sample of schizophrenic patients
P.8.a Other topics – Clinical P.8.a.012 Subtle cognitive impairments in siblings of male adolescents with non-psychotic psychiatric disorders M. Weiser1 ° , A. Reichenberg2 , E. Kravitz1 , G. Lubin3 , M. Shmushkevitz3 , S. Noy1 , M. Davidson1 . 1 Sheba Medical Center, Psychiatry Department, Tel-Hashomer, Israel; 2 MountSinai School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, New York, USA; 3 IDF, Division of Mental Health, Tel-Hashomer, Israel Background: Previous studies have indicated that, as a group, patients with non-psychotic psychiatric disorders perform below controls on cognitive tests. We investigated cognitive test performance on a large, population-based sample of adolescent siblings discordant for non-psychotic disorder, and examined possible genetic effects by examining cognition in their un-affected siblings. Method: Subjects were taken from a population-based cohort of 523,375, 16−17 year-old male adolescents who had been assessed by the Israeli Draft Board. Cognitive test scores were examined in sib-pairs discordant for psychotic (N = 888) or non-psychotic (N = 19,489) psychiatric disorders, and compared with 224,082 healthy sib-pairs. Results: Compared to healthy sib pairs, cognitive test scores were lower in healthy siblings of probands with non-psychotic disorders (ES = −0.27), and in their affected non-psychotic but mentally ill siblings (ES = −0.58). As expected, cognitive test scores were even lower in probands with psychotic disorders, (ES = −0.82), and in their un-affected siblings (ES = −0.37). Unaffected siblings of both psychotic and non-psychotic patients from multiple affected sibships (more then one affected sibling) had lower cognitive test scores compared with un-affected siblings from simplex sibships (only one affected sibling). Conclusions: In male adolescents, subtle reductions in cognitive test scores are present in non-mentally ill siblings of individuals suffering from non-psychotic psychiatric disorders, but to a lesser degree compared to adolescents with psychotic illnesses and their un-affected siblings. The results support the notion that cognitive impairment might cut across diagnostic entities and may be genetically mediated. P.8.a.013 Personality disorders in a sample of schizophrenic patients M. Henry ° , A.L. Morera, A. Garcia, L. Fernandez, I. Fernandez, R. Gracia. University of La Laguna, Psychiatry, La Laguna, Spain Introduction and Background: Interest in the premorbid personality of schizophrenic patients is well established in the psychiatric literature. Both Kraepelin and Bleuler observed that a proportion of schizophrenic patients displayed abnormal behaviour long before the onset of adult psychosis. Kretschmer’s description of schizoid personality included solitariness, cold affect and eccentricity. Other descriptions have often included suspiciousness, rigidity and unusual speech (Forester et al. 1991). Given the recent interest in viewing schizophrenia spectrum personality disorders as milder schizophrenia-related disorders, the study of premorbid personality characteristics or features in schizophrenic patients may clarify the relationship between personality disorders and schizophrenic patients. Aim: In investigating the personality disorders in schizophrenic patients before the onset of the illness a type of follow-back study
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is our aim in order to assess personality disorders in a sample of adult schizophrenic patients under psychiatric treatment in a hospital health setting. Material and methods: 37 adult schizophrenic patients undergoing treatment in the University Hospital of the Canary Islands with DSM-IV diagnosis of paranoid schizophrenia are included. Years from onset 9.20 s.d. 6.29, age at onset 19.75 s.d. 4.73. The record of personality disorders as a secondary diagnosis in the medical chart was taking into account. Results: The clinical characteristics of the sample were considered according to the medical reports. In 21 patients (56.7%) a personality disorder, mainly with paranoid and schizotypal traits, was registered. The percentage of each personality disorder in the sample are as follows: Schizotypal, 6 (16.2%); Paranoid, 5 (13.5%); Schizoid: 1 (2.7%); Paranoid and Schizotypal: 9 (24.3%). Discussion and conclusions: While in DSM-IV schizotypal, schizoid and paranoid personality disorders are considered as previous to schizophrenia, although it is not clear they are a previous disorder or simply prodomal, in ICD-10 schizotypal disorder is considered as previous to schizophrenia and moreover genetically linked (Torgersen, 1994). In our sample we have found that 56.7% of the patients have some type of personality disorders. The mixt type (schizotypal and paranoid) was the most common one (24.3%). Diagnostic specificity aside, it is clear that before the onset of illness a significant proportion of schizophrenic patients exhibit deviant characteristics including schizotypal, paranoid and schizoid traits. Furthermore, some investigaters have found that premorbid personality traits are associated with specific dimensions of schizophrenic symptomatology. Thus, there is evidence to support a relationship between premorbid schizoid personality disorder and negative symptoms in schizophrenic patients. More research is needed in order to open new avenues about the relationship between personality disorders and schizophrenia. And future studies in symptomatology specificity linked to personality traits should be highlighted. References [1] Forester A., Lewis S., Owen M., Murray R., 1991, Premorbid adjustment and personality in psychosis: Effects of sex and diagnosis, British Journal of Psychiatry, 158, 171–176. [2] Torgersen S., 1994, Personality deviations within the schizophrenia spectrum, Acta Psychiatrica Scand, 90, 40−44.
P.8.a.014 Long-term evolution follow-up of patients treated with electroconvulsive therapy M.T.A. Tajes ° , S.M.F. Mart´ınez, M.P.F. P´aramo. Hospital basico de Conxo, Psychiatry, Santiago de Compostela, Spain Introduction: Although the use of Electro Convulsive Therapy (ECT) has broadened in the field of Psychiatry and its indications have been agreed by consensus worldwide, it retains both advocates and critics. Among the reasons argued by psychiatrists that question the technique are an increase in health costs and the lack of long-term effectiveness. Nevertheless, many studies are currently available endorsing both long-term (Johanson 2005) and maintenance effectiveness (Kramer 1990). Objectives: This study was initiated with the aim of assessing short and long-term efficiency of the technique by following the patients who had received electroconvulsive therapy while admitted in the Mental Health Unit, regarding their pathobiographical and farmacotherapeutical evolution.
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is our aim in order to assess personality disorders in a sample of adult schizophrenic patients under psychiatric treatment in a hospital health setting. Material and methods: 37 adult schizophrenic patients undergoing treatment in the University Hospital of the Canary Islands with DSM-IV diagnosis of paranoid schizophrenia are included. Years from onset 9.20 s.d. 6.29, age at onset 19.75 s.d. 4.73. The record of personality disorders as a secondary diagnosis in the medical chart was taking into account. Results: The clinical characteristics of the sample were considered according to the medical reports. In 21 patients (56.7%) a personality disorder, mainly with paranoid and schizotypal traits, was registered. The percentage of each personality disorder in the sample are as follows: Schizotypal, 6 (16.2%); Paranoid, 5 (13.5%); Schizoid: 1 (2.7%); Paranoid and Schizotypal: 9 (24.3%). Discussion and conclusions: While in DSM-IV schizotypal, schizoid and paranoid personality disorders are considered as previous to schizophrenia, although it is not clear they are a previous disorder or simply prodomal, in ICD-10 schizotypal disorder is considered as previous to schizophrenia and moreover genetically linked (Torgersen, 1994). In our sample we have found that 56.7% of the patients have some type of personality disorders. The mixt type (schizotypal and paranoid) was the most common one (24.3%). Diagnostic specificity aside, it is clear that before the onset of illness a significant proportion of schizophrenic patients exhibit deviant characteristics including schizotypal, paranoid and schizoid traits. Furthermore, some investigaters have found that premorbid personality traits are associated with specific dimensions of schizophrenic symptomatology. Thus, there is evidence to support a relationship between premorbid schizoid personality disorder and negative symptoms in schizophrenic patients. More research is needed in order to open new avenues about the relationship between personality disorders and schizophrenia. And future studies in symptomatology specificity linked to personality traits should be highlighted. References [1] Forester A., Lewis S., Owen M., Murray R., 1991, Premorbid adjustment and personality in psychosis: Effects of sex and diagnosis, British Journal of Psychiatry, 158, 171–176. [2] Torgersen S., 1994, Personality deviations within the schizophrenia spectrum, Acta Psychiatrica Scand, 90, 40−44.
P.8.a.014 Long-term evolution follow-up of patients treated with electroconvulsive therapy M.T.A. Tajes ° , S.M.F. Mart´ınez, M.P.F. P´aramo. Hospital basico de Conxo, Psychiatry, Santiago de Compostela, Spain Introduction: Although the use of Electro Convulsive Therapy (ECT) has broadened in the field of Psychiatry and its indications have been agreed by consensus worldwide, it retains both advocates and critics. Among the reasons argued by psychiatrists that question the technique are an increase in health costs and the lack of long-term effectiveness. Nevertheless, many studies are currently available endorsing both long-term (Johanson 2005) and maintenance effectiveness (Kramer 1990). Objectives: This study was initiated with the aim of assessing short and long-term efficiency of the technique by following the patients who had received electroconvulsive therapy while admitted in the Mental Health Unit, regarding their pathobiographical and farmacotherapeutical evolution.