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Placental morphometry and birth weight
S72
Abstracts / Journal of the Anatomical Society of India 66S (2017) S1–S78
Material and methods: 20 each of clinically diagnosed preeclamptic patients and gestational/maternal age matched normotensive, non proteinuric controls were recruited from Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, AIIMS after taking ethical clearance. RNA isolation was done from plasma samples by Trizol LS reagent, cDNA formation was done by Thermo Fermentas and its products were amplified by RT-PCR. Results: Expressions of MMP2 and 9 mRNAs in PE patients were significantly decreased (p < 0.05) as compared to their gestational and maternal age matched normotensive non-proteinuric controls. Conclusion: The significant decrease in gene expression of MMP2 and 9 in PE patients as compared to their gestational and maternal age matched normotensive non proteinuric controls suggest that the shallow trophoblast cell invasion observed during placenta formation in PE may be due to the reduced amount of MMPs in their circulation. Conflicts of interest The authors have none to declare. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jasi.2017.08.226 220 Cytogenetic evaluation of congenital anomalies in Manipur G. Sharma ∗ , N.S. Thounaojam Regional Institute of Medical Sciences, Imphal, Manipur, India Introduction: Genetic factors like chromosome abnormalities and mutant genes, account for approximately 15% cases of congenital anomalies. The present study aims to evaluate the presence and the kind of chromosomal abnormalities in clinically diagnosed cases of congenital anomalies in Manipur. Materials and methods: A total of 50 patients suspected of genetic causes of congenital anomalies were studied in the Department of Anatomy, RIMS, and Imphal from October 2014 to April 2016. The parameters studied were history of the patient, phenotype and karyotype changes by appropriate banding technique on cultured peripheral lymphocytes. Results and observations: In the present study, the ratio of female to male cases was 1.08:1. Maximum number of cases was in the age group 0 to 5 years of age. In 70% cases the mother’s age at conception was less than 30 years of age. In 38% cases birth order was as a second child. Consanguineous marriages were seen in 8% cases. Most common congenital anomalies were seen in the musculoskeletal system in 38% of all cases followed by genital organs (24% of all cases) and cleft lip and cleft palate (16% of all cases). Chromosomal anomalies were seen in 12% of all cases in the present study. Discussion/conclusion: The observations and findings of the present study, were discussed and compared with the findings in available literatures and research works of previous authors. The present study will be helpful in better diagnosis and early counseling of such cases. Conflicts of interest The authors have none to declare. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jasi.2017.08.227
221 Placental morphometry and birth weight Rupa L. Balihallimath Gadag Institution Medical Sciences, Karnataka, India Introduction: The fetal growth trajectory is primarily determined by placental morphology and its function. Placental morphological factors and birth weight are the most important markers to evaluate fetal nutrition and utero-placental function. Alterations in placenta vary with the nutritional availability, which results in placental morphological variation and altered fetal development. Therefore, any variation in placental morphometry has an impact on the health status of newborn leading to sub optimal growth of babies. Aims and objective: To study the inter relationship of placental morphological factors and their individual relationship with birth weight. Materials and methods: The present study was conducted in teaching hospital of North Karnataka, India. The study was conducted on 391 mothers and their singleton offspring. The normal distributions of birth weight and placental morphology have been studied. Analysis of variance is used to study the difference in means of placental morphometry and birth weight. Results: The means and standard deviations of placental morphometry: weight, volume, surface area and thickness are 440 ± 100 gm, 386 ± 101 ml, 230 ± 50 cm sq, and 2.1 ± 0.4 cm respectively. The mean and standard deviation of birth weight is 2700 ± 500 gm. Placental morphometry and birth weight increased consistently with gestation. Placental morphological factors exhibited consistent significant differences at different levels amongst themselves. Conclusion: The study concludes that all the individual factors of placental morphometry influence birth weight in their own pattern, and also they are inter related amongst themselves at different level of significance. Hence, variations in growth trajectory of any of placental factors will lead adverse pregnancy outcome. Conflicts of interest The author has none to declare. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jasi.2017.08.228 222 PERK (arm) pathway of endoplasmic reticulum stress is induced on treatment of trophoblast cells with the sVEGFR-1 (s-flt-1) S. Mochan ∗ , N. Bhatla, R. Kumar, R. Dhingra AIIMS, New Delhi, India Introduction: The unfolded protein response (UPR) is a cellular adaptive response for the endoplasmic reticulum stress (ER stress) that is evolved to restore protein folding homeostasis by reducing protein synthesis through phosphorylation of eIF2␣ (Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2␣). Placental endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress has been postulated in the pathophysiology of preeclampsia but its activation remains elusive. Role of anti-angiogenic factors such as sFlt-1 in inducing ER stress in trophoblast cells remains unknown. An angiogenic imbalance has been reported in patients of pre-eclampsia. Thus the present study was aimed to see the role of sFlt-1 in inducing the ER stress and also to explore its effect on the activation of different arms of ER stress pathways.
Abstracts / Journal of the Anatomical Society of India 66S (2017) S1–S78
Material and methods: 20 each of clinically diagnosed preeclamptic patients and gestational/maternal age matched normotensive, non proteinuric controls were recruited from Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, AIIMS after taking ethical clearance. RNA isolation was done from plasma samples by Trizol LS reagent, cDNA formation was done by Thermo Fermentas and its products were amplified by RT-PCR. Results: Expressions of MMP2 and 9 mRNAs in PE patients were significantly decreased (p < 0.05) as compared to their gestational and maternal age matched normotensive non-proteinuric controls. Conclusion: The significant decrease in gene expression of MMP2 and 9 in PE patients as compared to their gestational and maternal age matched normotensive non proteinuric controls suggest that the shallow trophoblast cell invasion observed during placenta formation in PE may be due to the reduced amount of MMPs in their circulation. Conflicts of interest The authors have none to declare. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jasi.2017.08.226 220 Cytogenetic evaluation of congenital anomalies in Manipur G. Sharma ∗ , N.S. Thounaojam Regional Institute of Medical Sciences, Imphal, Manipur, India Introduction: Genetic factors like chromosome abnormalities and mutant genes, account for approximately 15% cases of congenital anomalies. The present study aims to evaluate the presence and the kind of chromosomal abnormalities in clinically diagnosed cases of congenital anomalies in Manipur. Materials and methods: A total of 50 patients suspected of genetic causes of congenital anomalies were studied in the Department of Anatomy, RIMS, and Imphal from October 2014 to April 2016. The parameters studied were history of the patient, phenotype and karyotype changes by appropriate banding technique on cultured peripheral lymphocytes. Results and observations: In the present study, the ratio of female to male cases was 1.08:1. Maximum number of cases was in the age group 0 to 5 years of age. In 70% cases the mother’s age at conception was less than 30 years of age. In 38% cases birth order was as a second child. Consanguineous marriages were seen in 8% cases. Most common congenital anomalies were seen in the musculoskeletal system in 38% of all cases followed by genital organs (24% of all cases) and cleft lip and cleft palate (16% of all cases). Chromosomal anomalies were seen in 12% of all cases in the present study. Discussion/conclusion: The observations and findings of the present study, were discussed and compared with the findings in available literatures and research works of previous authors. The present study will be helpful in better diagnosis and early counseling of such cases. Conflicts of interest The authors have none to declare. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jasi.2017.08.227
221 Placental morphometry and birth weight Rupa L. Balihallimath Gadag Institution Medical Sciences, Karnataka, India Introduction: The fetal growth trajectory is primarily determined by placental morphology and its function. Placental morphological factors and birth weight are the most important markers to evaluate fetal nutrition and utero-placental function. Alterations in placenta vary with the nutritional availability, which results in placental morphological variation and altered fetal development. Therefore, any variation in placental morphometry has an impact on the health status of newborn leading to sub optimal growth of babies. Aims and objective: To study the inter relationship of placental morphological factors and their individual relationship with birth weight. Materials and methods: The present study was conducted in teaching hospital of North Karnataka, India. The study was conducted on 391 mothers and their singleton offspring. The normal distributions of birth weight and placental morphology have been studied. Analysis of variance is used to study the difference in means of placental morphometry and birth weight. Results: The means and standard deviations of placental morphometry: weight, volume, surface area and thickness are 440 ± 100 gm, 386 ± 101 ml, 230 ± 50 cm sq, and 2.1 ± 0.4 cm respectively. The mean and standard deviation of birth weight is 2700 ± 500 gm. Placental morphometry and birth weight increased consistently with gestation. Placental morphological factors exhibited consistent significant differences at different levels amongst themselves. Conclusion: The study concludes that all the individual factors of placental morphometry influence birth weight in their own pattern, and also they are inter related amongst themselves at different level of significance. Hence, variations in growth trajectory of any of placental factors will lead adverse pregnancy outcome. Conflicts of interest The author has none to declare. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jasi.2017.08.228 222 PERK (arm) pathway of endoplasmic reticulum stress is induced on treatment of trophoblast cells with the sVEGFR-1 (s-flt-1) S. Mochan ∗ , N. Bhatla, R. Kumar, R. Dhingra AIIMS, New Delhi, India Introduction: The unfolded protein response (UPR) is a cellular adaptive response for the endoplasmic reticulum stress (ER stress) that is evolved to restore protein folding homeostasis by reducing protein synthesis through phosphorylation of eIF2␣ (Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2␣). Placental endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress has been postulated in the pathophysiology of preeclampsia but its activation remains elusive. Role of anti-angiogenic factors such as sFlt-1 in inducing ER stress in trophoblast cells remains unknown. An angiogenic imbalance has been reported in patients of pre-eclampsia. Thus the present study was aimed to see the role of sFlt-1 in inducing the ER stress and also to explore its effect on the activation of different arms of ER stress pathways.