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Population genetics for Y-chromosomal STRs haplotypes of Chinese Korean ethnic group in northeastern China
Forensic Science International 173 (2007) 197–203 www.elsevier.com/locate/forsciint
Announcement of population data
Population genetics for Y-chromosomal STRs haplotypes of Chinese Korean ethnic group in northeastern China YongJi Zhang a,*, HongJiang Zhang b, Yan Cui a, Hong Cui a, QingSong Xu a, Shu Sun c, LianPing Sun c, JungBin Lee d a
Department of Forensic Medicine, YanBian University College of Medicine, 1829 JuZi Street, YanJi City 133000, JiLin Province, PR China b Department of Clinical Laboratory, YanBian University Hospital, 119 JuZi Street, YanJi City 133000, JiLin Province, PR China c Department of Pathology, YanBian University College of Medicine, 1829 JuZi Street, YanJi City 133000, JiLin Province, PR China d Department of Forensic Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 28 YeonGon-Dong, ChongNo-Gu, Seoul 110-799, South Korea Received 18 September 2006; received in revised form 21 November 2006; accepted 3 December 2006 Available online 16 February 2007
Abstract Y-chromosomal STRs loci were analyzed from a sample of 201 healthy unrelated male individuals of Chinese Korean ethnic group. Allele and haplotype frequencies for DYS19, DYS385a/b, DYS388, DYS389 I, DYS389 II, DYS390, DYS391, DYS392, DYS393, DYS437, DYS438 and DYS439 were determined by the general PCR and silver staining methods. The gene diversity values for the Y-STRs loci ranged from 0.4146 (DYS437) to 0.9631 (DYS385a/b). A total of 194 haplotypes were identified in the Y-STR loci, among which 188 were unique, while 6 occurred more than once. And the combined haploytpes diversity was 0.9996. The results in the present study can be used for routine forensic application in the region, and enrich Chinese ethnical genetic informational resources. # 2007 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. Keywords: Y-chromosomal STR; Haplotype; Chinese Korean ethnic group
Population: Fresh blood samples were collected from a random sample of 201 unrelated healthy male individuals of Chinese Korean ethnic group living in JiLin YanBian area. Extraction: Genomic DNA was extracted from blood samples using the Chelex-100 protocol as described by Walsh et al. [1]. PCR amplification: The PCR amplification was carried out using already published methods for DYS19, DYS385, DYS389, DYS390, DYS391, DYS393, DYS437, DYS438 and DYS439 loci [2]. And 95 8C for 5 min; followed by 30 cycles of 94 8C for 30 s, 58 8C for 30 s and 72 8C for 30 s, and a final extension of 72 8C for 10 min for DYS388 (GDB:364862) locus, 95 8C for 5 min; followed by 30 cycles of 94 8C for 30 s, 58 8C for 30 s and 72 8C for 30 s, and a final extension of 72 8C for 10 min for DYS392 (GDB:455698) locus in a Perkin-Elmer GeneAmp1 PCR System 9600 Thermal Cycler.
* Corresponding author. Tel.: +86 433 266 0590; fax: +86 433 265 9795. E-mail address: [email protected] (Y. Zhang). 0379-0738/$ – see front matter # 2007 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2006.12.017
Electrophoresis and typing: PCR products were separated on 5% polyacrylamide denaturing gel (DYS385 on 7% polyacrylamide non-denaturing gel) and visualized by silver staining. Allele designations were determined by comparison of the mixture PCR fragments previously sequenced for each locus. The alleles of all loci were named according to the number of repeat units present as recommended by the International Society of Forensic Genetics (ISFG) [3]. And the nomenclature of Haplotype follows the guidelines of http:// www.yhrd.org. Results: Allele frequencies and the gene diversities values are shown in Table 1. The haplotype distributions and gene diversity values of Chinese Korean population are shown in Table 2. Location of studied population is shown in Fig. 1. Data analysis: Haplotype and allele frequencies were estimated by direct counting method. Haplotype and gene diversities were estimated according to Nei [4]. A comparative analysis between these haplotype data and previously published data was carried out by an Analysis of Molecular Variance (AMOVA) test implemented by Arlequin software, Version, 2.000 [5].
198
Table 1 Allele frequencies and gene diversity values at 13 Y-STR loci in a Chinese Korean population DYS19
8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32
– – – – – 0.0547 0.0896 0.4229 0.3184 0.1095 0.0050 – – – – – – – – – – – – – –
33
–
Gene Diversity
– 0.7002
DYS388
DYS389I
DYS389II
DYS390
DYS391
DYS392
DYS393
DYS437
DYS438
DYS439
Allele
DYS385
Allele
DYS385
– – 0.1144 0.0050 0.6368 0.2189 0.0149 0.0100 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –
– – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 0.0846 0.2090 0.4328 0.2139 0.0448 0.0100
– – – 0.0050 0.3383 0.2587 0.3632 0.0249 0.0050 0.0050 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –
– – – – – – – – – – – 0.0050 – – 0.1095 0.4577 0.3134 0.1045 0.0100 – – – – – –
0.0050 0.0249 0.4478 0.4179 0.1045 1.0000 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –
– – 0.0149 0.1990 – 0.0547 0.4677 0.2239 0.0299 0.0100 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –
– – – – 0.3632 0.4279 0.1642 0.0448 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –
– – – – – – 0.7214 0.2587 0.0100 – 0.0050 0.0050 – – – – – – – – – – – – –
– 0.0100 0.5224 0.1393 0.0597 0.2587 0.0100 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –
– – 0.0398 0.2836 0.5572 0.0995 0.0149 0.0050 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –
10–9 10–10 11–11 12–11 12–12 13–11 13–12 13–13 14–13 15–11 15–12 15–13 15–14 16–12 16–13 16–14 16–16 17–10 17–11 17–12 17–13 17–14 17–15 18–9 18–10
0.0050 0.0050 0.0149 0.0100 0.0199 0.0050 0.0299 0.0100 0.0100 0.0149 0.0050 0.0050 0.0050 0.0249 0.0299 0.0050 0.0050 0.0547 0.0249 0.0348 0.0050 0.0597 0.0100 0.0149 0.0746
18–14 18–15 19–9 19–10 19–11 19–12 19–13 19–14 19–15 20–9 20–10 20–11 20–12 20–13 20–14 20–15 20–16 20–19 21–10 21–11 21–13 21–15 21–16 22–10 22–14
0.0149 0.0050 0.0050 0.0746 0.0348 0.0249 0.0299 0.0199 0.0199 0.0050 0.0348 0.0149 0.0050 0.0100 0.0050 0.0149 0.0050 0.0050 0.0100 0.0050 0.0050 0.0149 0.0050 0.0050 0.0100
–
0.0050
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
18–11 18–12 18–13
0.0149 0.0796 0.0199
22–15 22–16 23–15
0.0050 0.0050 0.0050
– 05358
– 0.7175
– 0.6895
– 0.6726
– 0.6164
– 0.6908
– 0.6594
– 0.4146
– 0.6402
– 0.6003
23–17
0.0050 0.9631
Y.J. Zhang et al. / Forensic Science International 173 (2007) 197–203
Allele
Y.J. Zhang et al. / Forensic Science International 173 (2007) 197–203
199
Table 2 A list the 194 Y-STR haplotypes detected in 201 unrelated males in the Chinese Korean population Haplotype 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64
DYS-19
DYS-385
DYS-388
DYS-389I
DYS-389II
DYS-390
DYS-391
DYS-392
DYS-393
DYS-437
DYS-438
DYS-439
N
16 15 15 15 16 15 15 16 15 16 15 14 15 16 15 16 15 15 16 14 13 15 16 15 17 15 13 15 15 17 15 15 15 16 16 15 16 14 15 13 17 16 15 14 13 16 15 15 16 17 17 17 17 17 15 14 14 16 14 16 15 15 15 17
17–10 17–14 18–12 17–14 17–14 16–12 17–12 18–11 18–15 18–10 18–10 18–13 12–12 19–10 18–12 18–9 19–10 10–9 23–15 13–11 16–14 18–10 20–11 18–10 18–12 20–13 23–17 19–10 18–12 22–14 19–10 21–10 17–12 18–10 18–9 20–10 19–10 17–14 19–11 20–15 17–10 17–11 15–11 19–13 20–16 19–9 19–12 18–11 19–13 16–13 20–13 16–13 12–12 16–13 18–13 19–13 19–14 18–12 17–14 18–14 19–10 11–11 19–11 19–15
12 10 13 12 10 12 12 12 13 12 12 10 14 12 13 12 12 13 13 12 13 12 13 12 12 10 12 12 12 13 12 12 13 12 13 11 12 10 13 12 12 13 12 10 12 12 12 12 12 13 13 13 12 12 12 10 10 13 10 12 12 12 12 13
29 28 29 27 29 32 28 28 29 30 29 28 29 29 28 29 28 29 30 30 29 27 29 27 30 27 30 30 28 30 30 30 29 29 30 30 29 27 30 29 28 29 29 28 30 29 30 30 28 30 28 30 28 30 29 27 27 29 29 27 29 28 28 29
14 12 13 12 13 15 12 13 12 14 14 12 13 14 12 14 13 14 12 14 13 12 13 13 12 12 14 14 12 12 14 14 13 14 14 13 14 12 14 14 13 13 14 12 14 14 12 14 13 13 12 13 13 13 12 12 12 13 12 12 14 13 14 12
23 24 23 24 24 24 23 23 24 23 22 24 24 23 25 24 23 23 24 23 24 23 23 23 24 24 24 22 23 24 22 22 23 24 22 24 23 23 23 23 23 23 23 24 25 23 24 22 25 23 23 23 23 25 23 24 23 23 24 25 23 22 23 24
12 11 11 12 11 11 11 11 11 10 11 11 10 10 10 11 12 11 11 11 11 11 11 12 12 11 12 11 11 11 11 11 11 10 11 12 11 11 11 11 12 11 12 12 12 11 11 12 11 11 12 11 11 11 11 10 11 10 11 11 11 11 11 11
13 14 11 13 14 13 12 11 13 13 13 14 10 13 13 14 13 14 13 16 11 13 11 13 13 14 14 13 11 13 13 13 10 13 13 11 13 14 11 15 14 11 11 14 14 13 13 13 13 10 13 11 12 11 12 14 14 11 14 13 11 14 11 13
13 12 14 13 12 13 12 14 12 13 14 12 14 13 12 13 13 13 12 14 14 13 15 13 12 12 14 13 12 12 13 13 13 13 13 15 13 12 15 14 13 13 14 12 14 13 12 13 13 14 12 14 12 12 13 12 12 14 12 12 14 12 14 12
14 15 14 15 15 14 15 14 15 14 14 15 14 15 14 14 14 14 15 14 14 14 14 14 14 15 14 14 15 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 15 14 14 14 14 14 15 14 14 15 14 14 14 15 14 15 14 15 15 14 14 15 14 14 15 14 15
13 11 10 10 11 10 10 10 10 13 13 11 10 13 10 13 13 12 10 11 10 13 10 13 10 11 12 13 10 10 13 13 10 13 13 10 13 11 10 12 13 10 10 11 12 13 9 13 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 11 11 10 11 10 10 10 10 10
12 12 11 12 12 11 10 13 11 12 12 13 11 12 14 12 12 12 11 11 12 12 10 12 12 11 11 12 10 11 13 13 10 11 12 12 12 11 10 11 12 12 15 12 12 13 10 12 11 13 11 13 13 12 12 12 12 13 12 11 11 11 12 11
3 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
200
Y.J. Zhang et al. / Forensic Science International 173 (2007) 197–203
Table 2 (Continued ) Haplotype
DYS-19
DYS-385
DYS-388
DYS-389I
DYS-389II
DYS-390
DYS-391
DYS-392
DYS-393
DYS-437
DYS-438
DYS-439
N
65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130
17 16 15 16 16 15 16 16 13 15 16 15 15 16 17 16 16 15 16 17 16 14 15 17 16 16 16 16 14 13 15 16 17 16 15 16 15 13 15 14 15 15 14 15 16 15 15 15 15 14 15 15 15 15 16 16 16 14 15 15 15 16 15 16 16 17
19–13 18–10 18–12 12–11 19–15 19–11 19–12 11–11 15–13 20–10 20–15 10–10 19–10 18–10 22–14 17–10 18–12 17–11 19–10 19–15 21–13 19–14 16–12 19–14 20–15 16–12 13–12 20–9 17–14 13–12 20–14 19–15 20–10 21–16 17–13 20–11 20–11 21–15 19–10 18–12 17–14 19–11 18–14 16–13 17–12 17–14 16–13 17–15 18–12 12–12 18–12 17–12 14–13 14–13 19–10 19–12 19–10 18–13 18–10 22–10 18–10 15–14 18–9 19–12 20–10 17–14
13 13 12 15 13 13 12 12 13 12 13 13 12 12 13 12 12 12 12 13 13 10 12 13 13 12 12 14 10 12 10 12 12 13 12 12 13 12 12 10 12 12 12 14 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 10 12 10 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12
27 29 30 30 30 29 29 28 29 31 28 29 28 29 30 29 29 29 29 31 30 28 27 27 30 29 28 30 27 29 28 28 29 29 29 28 29 29 29 29 28 30 29 29 29 30 28 29 30 31 28 29 28 28 29 28 29 28 29 29 29 28 31 28 30 30
12 14 14 13 12 13 12 13 13 15 12 14 13 14 12 14 12 14 13 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 14 12 13 12 12 14 12 14 14 14 14 14 12 13 15 14 13 14 14 12 13 14 14 12 12 12 12 14 12 14 12 14 13 14 12 14 12 15 13
24 23 24 24 24 23 26 22 24 22 24 23 23 23 25 23 24 23 23 25 23 24 23 25 24 23 22 24 23 23 25 24 23 24 24 23 24 25 22 24 25 22 25 24 23 24 23 25 24 23 24 23 23 23 24 25 23 25 23 22 22 23 22 26 23 25
10 11 11 11 11 12 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 12 11 11 11 11 12 11 11 11 11 12 11 10 11 11 12 11 11 11 12 10 9 10 10 9 10 11 10 10 11 10 10 11 10 10 10 10 10 11 11 11 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 11 10 11 10 10
13 13 13 11 13 11 13 14 11 14 13 14 13 13 13 13 13 11 13 13 13 14 11 13 13 12 12 13 14 15 14 13 13 13 13 13 11 15 13 15 11 13 13 11 13 13 12 11 13 14 13 12 14 13 13 14 13 14 13 13 14 14 13 13 11 11
12 13 13 14 12 15 12 12 14 14 12 13 13 13 12 13 12 14 13 13 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 13 12 14 12 12 13 12 13 13 15 14 13 12 13 13 12 13 13 13 12 13 14 12 12 12 13 13 13 12 13 12 12 13 13 13 13 12 15 13
14 14 14 14 15 14 14 15 14 14 15 14 14 14 15 14 16 14 14 15 15 15 15 14 15 15 15 14 15 14 15 16 14 15 14 14 14 14 14 15 14 14 14 14 14 15 15 14 14 14 15 15 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14
10 13 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 13 10 12 13 13 11 13 10 10 13 10 10 11 10 10 10 10 10 12 11 10 11 10 13 10 10 13 10 12 13 10 10 13 11 11 13 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 13 11 13 11 13 14 13 10 13 10 10 10
12 12 13 12 11 11 12 12 12 12 11 12 12 12 11 12 11 12 11 11 11 12 11 12 11 11 12 12 11 11 12 11 12 11 11 12 13 11 12 13 12 12 12 12 12 13 12 12 11 10 13 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 13 12 12
1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Y.J. Zhang et al. / Forensic Science International 173 (2007) 197–203
201
Table 2 (Continued ) Haplotype
DYS-19
DYS-385
DYS-388
DYS-389I
DYS-389II
DYS-390
DYS-391
DYS-392
DYS-393
DYS-437
DYS-438
DYS-439
N
131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194
15 17 16 15 15 15 15 15 14 15 17 13 16 15 16 15 15 16 15 15 17 15 13 13 16 18 17 16 16 15 15 16 16 13 15 15 15 15 16 15 16 16 15 15 16 16 15 14 14 15 14 14 15 15 16 16 15 16 17 16 15 15 17 17
20–10 17–12 19–10 19–10 15–11 19–11 18–12 17–10 19–14 17–10 22–15 21–15 17–14 16–16 18–12 18–10 17–11 18–12 13–13 20–10 20–12 15–12 22–16 13–12 18–12 17–12 18–14 19–13 19–10 19–10 17–15 18–10 13–12 21–15 17–14 21–11 13–13 15–11 16–13 19–13 17–11 18–12 17–10 16–12 18–10 17–10 18–12 13–12 11–11 20–19 17–10 17–10 19–11 19–11 18–11 12–12 20–10 17–12 13–12 18–10 19–12 18–10 16–12 18–13
12 12 12 12 12 13 12 12 10 12 13 12 10 12 13 12 12 12 13 12 13 12 12 12 13 13 12 12 12 12 10 12 13 12 12 13 12 12 12 10 13 12 12 12 12 10 12 12 12 12 13 12 10 13 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 10
30 29 29 29 29 31 31 29 28 29 30 30 29 29 27 29 29 28 28 29 28 28 29 28 30 29 28 29 29 30 29 32 29 29 29 29 28 29 29 29 30 28 27 30 29 31 30 30 28 27 30 31 29 29 29 29 29 28 30 27 27 29 33 31
14 12 14 13 12 14 14 14 12 14 12 14 13 12 11 14 14 12 13 13 12 12 12 12 13 14 12 13 14 14 13 16 13 14 13 14 13 13 13 13 14 12 12 14 14 13 14 14 12 12 14 13 13 13 14 14 14 13 12 12 12 14 17 15
22 24 23 22 23 23 24 23 23 23 24 24 24 23 23 23 22 24 23 22 25 23 24 23 23 23 25 25 23 23 24 23 23 24 25 23 23 24 25 24 23 24 23 24 24 23 22 23 23 23 23 24 24 19 23 23 24 22 24 24 23 23 23 24
10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 8 10 10 9 10 11 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 9 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 11 10 10 10 10 10 10 9 10 10 10 10 10 11 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 11 10 10 10 10
13 14 13 13 12 11 14 13 14 13 13 14 14 12 11 13 13 13 11 13 13 12 14 15 11 11 13 13 13 11 14 13 11 14 11 11 14 11 11 14 11 13 13 13 13 13 13 15 12 13 14 14 14 11 13 13 14 14 14 13 13 13 14 16
13 12 13 13 12 14 13 13 15 13 12 13 12 12 14 13 13 12 14 13 12 12 14 14 14 15 12 12 14 14 12 13 13 14 13 13 13 13 13 12 14 12 13 13 13 12 13 13 12 12 13 13 12 15 13 13 13 12 12 13 13 13 13 12
14 14 14 14 15 14 14 14 15 14 15 14 15 15 14 14 14 15 14 14 14 15 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 15 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 15 14 15 14 14 14 15 14 14 14 14 14 14 15 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 18 19
13 10 13 13 10 10 10 14 11 13 10 12 11 10 10 13 13 10 10 13 9 10 12 10 10 10 10 10 13 10 11 13 10 12 10 10 10 10 10 11 10 10 13 10 13 11 13 10 11 10 10 11 11 10 13 13 13 10 10 10 12 12 10 11
12 12 11 12 12 11 11 12 13 12 11 11 12 13 11 12 14 11 11 12 11 11 11 11 12 12 12 11 12 11 12 12 10 11 12 12 12 12 12 14 12 13 12 11 12 12 13 11 12 12 13 12 12 11 12 12 12 11 12 11 12 12 11 12
2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Haplotype diversity: 0.9996, N: number o individuals observed for each haplotype.
202
Y.J. Zhang et al. / Forensic Science International 173 (2007) 197–203
Fig. 1. A map showing location of studied Chinese Korean population in northeastern China.
Quality control: In house proficiency testing and use of the control DNA. And the similarly detection methods has been used in our prior study [2]. Access to the data: [email protected]. Other remarks: A total of 194 different haplotypes were observed in the analyzed Chinese Korean population, among which 188 haplotypes were unique, 5 haplotypes (#5, #42, #68, #123 and #131) ware found in two individuals, respectively, and 1 (#1) was found in three individuals. 184 out of the 201 northeast Chinese Korean extended haplotypes (DYS19– DYS389–DYS390–DYS391–DYS392–DYS393–DYS385– DYS438–DYS439) were not previously observed in the Y-STR Haplotype Reference Database (YHRD) among 6.199 minimal haplotypes in a set of 49 Asian populations; the 6 most common Chinese Korean Y haplotypes (#103, #105, #111, #122, #146 and #148) matched to one individual, respectively, and four common haplotypes (#121, #165, #56 and #131) each matched to three, three, four and seven individuals in the general Asian data set. The overall haplotype diversity value for these Y-STRs loci was 0.9996. A comparative analysis between our data and previously published data for the same set of Y-STR loci has been done using the statistical method of pairwise differentiation test. The comparative results showed that Chinese Korean ethnic group population has significant differences ( p < 0.005) from Tibet Han population (Rst = 0.0215) [6], China Yi population (Rst = 0.0226) [7], Southeast China Han population (Rst = 0.1099) [8], Hong Kong population (Rst = 0.0283) [9], Taiwan population (Rst = 0.2219) [10], Singapore population (Rst = 0.0329) [11], Japan population (Rst = 0.0148) [12], Irish population (Rst = 0.1812) [13], Russian population (Rst = 0.0962) [14], Switzerland population (Rst = 0.0052) [15], Germany population (Rst = 0.0056) [16], Turkey population (Rst = 0.0316) [17], and Poland population (Rst = 0.0409) [18]. And there were no significant difference between
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Announcement of population data
Population genetics for Y-chromosomal STRs haplotypes of Chinese Korean ethnic group in northeastern China YongJi Zhang a,*, HongJiang Zhang b, Yan Cui a, Hong Cui a, QingSong Xu a, Shu Sun c, LianPing Sun c, JungBin Lee d a
Department of Forensic Medicine, YanBian University College of Medicine, 1829 JuZi Street, YanJi City 133000, JiLin Province, PR China b Department of Clinical Laboratory, YanBian University Hospital, 119 JuZi Street, YanJi City 133000, JiLin Province, PR China c Department of Pathology, YanBian University College of Medicine, 1829 JuZi Street, YanJi City 133000, JiLin Province, PR China d Department of Forensic Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 28 YeonGon-Dong, ChongNo-Gu, Seoul 110-799, South Korea Received 18 September 2006; received in revised form 21 November 2006; accepted 3 December 2006 Available online 16 February 2007
Abstract Y-chromosomal STRs loci were analyzed from a sample of 201 healthy unrelated male individuals of Chinese Korean ethnic group. Allele and haplotype frequencies for DYS19, DYS385a/b, DYS388, DYS389 I, DYS389 II, DYS390, DYS391, DYS392, DYS393, DYS437, DYS438 and DYS439 were determined by the general PCR and silver staining methods. The gene diversity values for the Y-STRs loci ranged from 0.4146 (DYS437) to 0.9631 (DYS385a/b). A total of 194 haplotypes were identified in the Y-STR loci, among which 188 were unique, while 6 occurred more than once. And the combined haploytpes diversity was 0.9996. The results in the present study can be used for routine forensic application in the region, and enrich Chinese ethnical genetic informational resources. # 2007 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. Keywords: Y-chromosomal STR; Haplotype; Chinese Korean ethnic group
Population: Fresh blood samples were collected from a random sample of 201 unrelated healthy male individuals of Chinese Korean ethnic group living in JiLin YanBian area. Extraction: Genomic DNA was extracted from blood samples using the Chelex-100 protocol as described by Walsh et al. [1]. PCR amplification: The PCR amplification was carried out using already published methods for DYS19, DYS385, DYS389, DYS390, DYS391, DYS393, DYS437, DYS438 and DYS439 loci [2]. And 95 8C for 5 min; followed by 30 cycles of 94 8C for 30 s, 58 8C for 30 s and 72 8C for 30 s, and a final extension of 72 8C for 10 min for DYS388 (GDB:364862) locus, 95 8C for 5 min; followed by 30 cycles of 94 8C for 30 s, 58 8C for 30 s and 72 8C for 30 s, and a final extension of 72 8C for 10 min for DYS392 (GDB:455698) locus in a Perkin-Elmer GeneAmp1 PCR System 9600 Thermal Cycler.
* Corresponding author. Tel.: +86 433 266 0590; fax: +86 433 265 9795. E-mail address: [email protected] (Y. Zhang). 0379-0738/$ – see front matter # 2007 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2006.12.017
Electrophoresis and typing: PCR products were separated on 5% polyacrylamide denaturing gel (DYS385 on 7% polyacrylamide non-denaturing gel) and visualized by silver staining. Allele designations were determined by comparison of the mixture PCR fragments previously sequenced for each locus. The alleles of all loci were named according to the number of repeat units present as recommended by the International Society of Forensic Genetics (ISFG) [3]. And the nomenclature of Haplotype follows the guidelines of http:// www.yhrd.org. Results: Allele frequencies and the gene diversities values are shown in Table 1. The haplotype distributions and gene diversity values of Chinese Korean population are shown in Table 2. Location of studied population is shown in Fig. 1. Data analysis: Haplotype and allele frequencies were estimated by direct counting method. Haplotype and gene diversities were estimated according to Nei [4]. A comparative analysis between these haplotype data and previously published data was carried out by an Analysis of Molecular Variance (AMOVA) test implemented by Arlequin software, Version, 2.000 [5].
198
Table 1 Allele frequencies and gene diversity values at 13 Y-STR loci in a Chinese Korean population DYS19
8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32
– – – – – 0.0547 0.0896 0.4229 0.3184 0.1095 0.0050 – – – – – – – – – – – – – –
33
–
Gene Diversity
– 0.7002
DYS388
DYS389I
DYS389II
DYS390
DYS391
DYS392
DYS393
DYS437
DYS438
DYS439
Allele
DYS385
Allele
DYS385
– – 0.1144 0.0050 0.6368 0.2189 0.0149 0.0100 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –
– – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 0.0846 0.2090 0.4328 0.2139 0.0448 0.0100
– – – 0.0050 0.3383 0.2587 0.3632 0.0249 0.0050 0.0050 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –
– – – – – – – – – – – 0.0050 – – 0.1095 0.4577 0.3134 0.1045 0.0100 – – – – – –
0.0050 0.0249 0.4478 0.4179 0.1045 1.0000 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –
– – 0.0149 0.1990 – 0.0547 0.4677 0.2239 0.0299 0.0100 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –
– – – – 0.3632 0.4279 0.1642 0.0448 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –
– – – – – – 0.7214 0.2587 0.0100 – 0.0050 0.0050 – – – – – – – – – – – – –
– 0.0100 0.5224 0.1393 0.0597 0.2587 0.0100 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –
– – 0.0398 0.2836 0.5572 0.0995 0.0149 0.0050 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –
10–9 10–10 11–11 12–11 12–12 13–11 13–12 13–13 14–13 15–11 15–12 15–13 15–14 16–12 16–13 16–14 16–16 17–10 17–11 17–12 17–13 17–14 17–15 18–9 18–10
0.0050 0.0050 0.0149 0.0100 0.0199 0.0050 0.0299 0.0100 0.0100 0.0149 0.0050 0.0050 0.0050 0.0249 0.0299 0.0050 0.0050 0.0547 0.0249 0.0348 0.0050 0.0597 0.0100 0.0149 0.0746
18–14 18–15 19–9 19–10 19–11 19–12 19–13 19–14 19–15 20–9 20–10 20–11 20–12 20–13 20–14 20–15 20–16 20–19 21–10 21–11 21–13 21–15 21–16 22–10 22–14
0.0149 0.0050 0.0050 0.0746 0.0348 0.0249 0.0299 0.0199 0.0199 0.0050 0.0348 0.0149 0.0050 0.0100 0.0050 0.0149 0.0050 0.0050 0.0100 0.0050 0.0050 0.0149 0.0050 0.0050 0.0100
–
0.0050
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
18–11 18–12 18–13
0.0149 0.0796 0.0199
22–15 22–16 23–15
0.0050 0.0050 0.0050
– 05358
– 0.7175
– 0.6895
– 0.6726
– 0.6164
– 0.6908
– 0.6594
– 0.4146
– 0.6402
– 0.6003
23–17
0.0050 0.9631
Y.J. Zhang et al. / Forensic Science International 173 (2007) 197–203
Allele
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Table 2 A list the 194 Y-STR haplotypes detected in 201 unrelated males in the Chinese Korean population Haplotype 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64
DYS-19
DYS-385
DYS-388
DYS-389I
DYS-389II
DYS-390
DYS-391
DYS-392
DYS-393
DYS-437
DYS-438
DYS-439
N
16 15 15 15 16 15 15 16 15 16 15 14 15 16 15 16 15 15 16 14 13 15 16 15 17 15 13 15 15 17 15 15 15 16 16 15 16 14 15 13 17 16 15 14 13 16 15 15 16 17 17 17 17 17 15 14 14 16 14 16 15 15 15 17
17–10 17–14 18–12 17–14 17–14 16–12 17–12 18–11 18–15 18–10 18–10 18–13 12–12 19–10 18–12 18–9 19–10 10–9 23–15 13–11 16–14 18–10 20–11 18–10 18–12 20–13 23–17 19–10 18–12 22–14 19–10 21–10 17–12 18–10 18–9 20–10 19–10 17–14 19–11 20–15 17–10 17–11 15–11 19–13 20–16 19–9 19–12 18–11 19–13 16–13 20–13 16–13 12–12 16–13 18–13 19–13 19–14 18–12 17–14 18–14 19–10 11–11 19–11 19–15
12 10 13 12 10 12 12 12 13 12 12 10 14 12 13 12 12 13 13 12 13 12 13 12 12 10 12 12 12 13 12 12 13 12 13 11 12 10 13 12 12 13 12 10 12 12 12 12 12 13 13 13 12 12 12 10 10 13 10 12 12 12 12 13
29 28 29 27 29 32 28 28 29 30 29 28 29 29 28 29 28 29 30 30 29 27 29 27 30 27 30 30 28 30 30 30 29 29 30 30 29 27 30 29 28 29 29 28 30 29 30 30 28 30 28 30 28 30 29 27 27 29 29 27 29 28 28 29
14 12 13 12 13 15 12 13 12 14 14 12 13 14 12 14 13 14 12 14 13 12 13 13 12 12 14 14 12 12 14 14 13 14 14 13 14 12 14 14 13 13 14 12 14 14 12 14 13 13 12 13 13 13 12 12 12 13 12 12 14 13 14 12
23 24 23 24 24 24 23 23 24 23 22 24 24 23 25 24 23 23 24 23 24 23 23 23 24 24 24 22 23 24 22 22 23 24 22 24 23 23 23 23 23 23 23 24 25 23 24 22 25 23 23 23 23 25 23 24 23 23 24 25 23 22 23 24
12 11 11 12 11 11 11 11 11 10 11 11 10 10 10 11 12 11 11 11 11 11 11 12 12 11 12 11 11 11 11 11 11 10 11 12 11 11 11 11 12 11 12 12 12 11 11 12 11 11 12 11 11 11 11 10 11 10 11 11 11 11 11 11
13 14 11 13 14 13 12 11 13 13 13 14 10 13 13 14 13 14 13 16 11 13 11 13 13 14 14 13 11 13 13 13 10 13 13 11 13 14 11 15 14 11 11 14 14 13 13 13 13 10 13 11 12 11 12 14 14 11 14 13 11 14 11 13
13 12 14 13 12 13 12 14 12 13 14 12 14 13 12 13 13 13 12 14 14 13 15 13 12 12 14 13 12 12 13 13 13 13 13 15 13 12 15 14 13 13 14 12 14 13 12 13 13 14 12 14 12 12 13 12 12 14 12 12 14 12 14 12
14 15 14 15 15 14 15 14 15 14 14 15 14 15 14 14 14 14 15 14 14 14 14 14 14 15 14 14 15 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 15 14 14 14 14 14 15 14 14 15 14 14 14 15 14 15 14 15 15 14 14 15 14 14 15 14 15
13 11 10 10 11 10 10 10 10 13 13 11 10 13 10 13 13 12 10 11 10 13 10 13 10 11 12 13 10 10 13 13 10 13 13 10 13 11 10 12 13 10 10 11 12 13 9 13 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 11 11 10 11 10 10 10 10 10
12 12 11 12 12 11 10 13 11 12 12 13 11 12 14 12 12 12 11 11 12 12 10 12 12 11 11 12 10 11 13 13 10 11 12 12 12 11 10 11 12 12 15 12 12 13 10 12 11 13 11 13 13 12 12 12 12 13 12 11 11 11 12 11
3 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
200
Y.J. Zhang et al. / Forensic Science International 173 (2007) 197–203
Table 2 (Continued ) Haplotype
DYS-19
DYS-385
DYS-388
DYS-389I
DYS-389II
DYS-390
DYS-391
DYS-392
DYS-393
DYS-437
DYS-438
DYS-439
N
65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130
17 16 15 16 16 15 16 16 13 15 16 15 15 16 17 16 16 15 16 17 16 14 15 17 16 16 16 16 14 13 15 16 17 16 15 16 15 13 15 14 15 15 14 15 16 15 15 15 15 14 15 15 15 15 16 16 16 14 15 15 15 16 15 16 16 17
19–13 18–10 18–12 12–11 19–15 19–11 19–12 11–11 15–13 20–10 20–15 10–10 19–10 18–10 22–14 17–10 18–12 17–11 19–10 19–15 21–13 19–14 16–12 19–14 20–15 16–12 13–12 20–9 17–14 13–12 20–14 19–15 20–10 21–16 17–13 20–11 20–11 21–15 19–10 18–12 17–14 19–11 18–14 16–13 17–12 17–14 16–13 17–15 18–12 12–12 18–12 17–12 14–13 14–13 19–10 19–12 19–10 18–13 18–10 22–10 18–10 15–14 18–9 19–12 20–10 17–14
13 13 12 15 13 13 12 12 13 12 13 13 12 12 13 12 12 12 12 13 13 10 12 13 13 12 12 14 10 12 10 12 12 13 12 12 13 12 12 10 12 12 12 14 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 10 12 10 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12
27 29 30 30 30 29 29 28 29 31 28 29 28 29 30 29 29 29 29 31 30 28 27 27 30 29 28 30 27 29 28 28 29 29 29 28 29 29 29 29 28 30 29 29 29 30 28 29 30 31 28 29 28 28 29 28 29 28 29 29 29 28 31 28 30 30
12 14 14 13 12 13 12 13 13 15 12 14 13 14 12 14 12 14 13 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 14 12 13 12 12 14 12 14 14 14 14 14 12 13 15 14 13 14 14 12 13 14 14 12 12 12 12 14 12 14 12 14 13 14 12 14 12 15 13
24 23 24 24 24 23 26 22 24 22 24 23 23 23 25 23 24 23 23 25 23 24 23 25 24 23 22 24 23 23 25 24 23 24 24 23 24 25 22 24 25 22 25 24 23 24 23 25 24 23 24 23 23 23 24 25 23 25 23 22 22 23 22 26 23 25
10 11 11 11 11 12 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 12 11 11 11 11 12 11 11 11 11 12 11 10 11 11 12 11 11 11 12 10 9 10 10 9 10 11 10 10 11 10 10 11 10 10 10 10 10 11 11 11 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 11 10 11 10 10
13 13 13 11 13 11 13 14 11 14 13 14 13 13 13 13 13 11 13 13 13 14 11 13 13 12 12 13 14 15 14 13 13 13 13 13 11 15 13 15 11 13 13 11 13 13 12 11 13 14 13 12 14 13 13 14 13 14 13 13 14 14 13 13 11 11
12 13 13 14 12 15 12 12 14 14 12 13 13 13 12 13 12 14 13 13 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 13 12 14 12 12 13 12 13 13 15 14 13 12 13 13 12 13 13 13 12 13 14 12 12 12 13 13 13 12 13 12 12 13 13 13 13 12 15 13
14 14 14 14 15 14 14 15 14 14 15 14 14 14 15 14 16 14 14 15 15 15 15 14 15 15 15 14 15 14 15 16 14 15 14 14 14 14 14 15 14 14 14 14 14 15 15 14 14 14 15 15 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14
10 13 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 13 10 12 13 13 11 13 10 10 13 10 10 11 10 10 10 10 10 12 11 10 11 10 13 10 10 13 10 12 13 10 10 13 11 11 13 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 13 11 13 11 13 14 13 10 13 10 10 10
12 12 13 12 11 11 12 12 12 12 11 12 12 12 11 12 11 12 11 11 11 12 11 12 11 11 12 12 11 11 12 11 12 11 11 12 13 11 12 13 12 12 12 12 12 13 12 12 11 10 13 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 13 12 12
1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Y.J. Zhang et al. / Forensic Science International 173 (2007) 197–203
201
Table 2 (Continued ) Haplotype
DYS-19
DYS-385
DYS-388
DYS-389I
DYS-389II
DYS-390
DYS-391
DYS-392
DYS-393
DYS-437
DYS-438
DYS-439
N
131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194
15 17 16 15 15 15 15 15 14 15 17 13 16 15 16 15 15 16 15 15 17 15 13 13 16 18 17 16 16 15 15 16 16 13 15 15 15 15 16 15 16 16 15 15 16 16 15 14 14 15 14 14 15 15 16 16 15 16 17 16 15 15 17 17
20–10 17–12 19–10 19–10 15–11 19–11 18–12 17–10 19–14 17–10 22–15 21–15 17–14 16–16 18–12 18–10 17–11 18–12 13–13 20–10 20–12 15–12 22–16 13–12 18–12 17–12 18–14 19–13 19–10 19–10 17–15 18–10 13–12 21–15 17–14 21–11 13–13 15–11 16–13 19–13 17–11 18–12 17–10 16–12 18–10 17–10 18–12 13–12 11–11 20–19 17–10 17–10 19–11 19–11 18–11 12–12 20–10 17–12 13–12 18–10 19–12 18–10 16–12 18–13
12 12 12 12 12 13 12 12 10 12 13 12 10 12 13 12 12 12 13 12 13 12 12 12 13 13 12 12 12 12 10 12 13 12 12 13 12 12 12 10 13 12 12 12 12 10 12 12 12 12 13 12 10 13 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 10
30 29 29 29 29 31 31 29 28 29 30 30 29 29 27 29 29 28 28 29 28 28 29 28 30 29 28 29 29 30 29 32 29 29 29 29 28 29 29 29 30 28 27 30 29 31 30 30 28 27 30 31 29 29 29 29 29 28 30 27 27 29 33 31
14 12 14 13 12 14 14 14 12 14 12 14 13 12 11 14 14 12 13 13 12 12 12 12 13 14 12 13 14 14 13 16 13 14 13 14 13 13 13 13 14 12 12 14 14 13 14 14 12 12 14 13 13 13 14 14 14 13 12 12 12 14 17 15
22 24 23 22 23 23 24 23 23 23 24 24 24 23 23 23 22 24 23 22 25 23 24 23 23 23 25 25 23 23 24 23 23 24 25 23 23 24 25 24 23 24 23 24 24 23 22 23 23 23 23 24 24 19 23 23 24 22 24 24 23 23 23 24
10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 8 10 10 9 10 11 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 9 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 11 10 10 10 10 10 10 9 10 10 10 10 10 11 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 11 10 10 10 10
13 14 13 13 12 11 14 13 14 13 13 14 14 12 11 13 13 13 11 13 13 12 14 15 11 11 13 13 13 11 14 13 11 14 11 11 14 11 11 14 11 13 13 13 13 13 13 15 12 13 14 14 14 11 13 13 14 14 14 13 13 13 14 16
13 12 13 13 12 14 13 13 15 13 12 13 12 12 14 13 13 12 14 13 12 12 14 14 14 15 12 12 14 14 12 13 13 14 13 13 13 13 13 12 14 12 13 13 13 12 13 13 12 12 13 13 12 15 13 13 13 12 12 13 13 13 13 12
14 14 14 14 15 14 14 14 15 14 15 14 15 15 14 14 14 15 14 14 14 15 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 15 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 15 14 15 14 14 14 15 14 14 14 14 14 14 15 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 18 19
13 10 13 13 10 10 10 14 11 13 10 12 11 10 10 13 13 10 10 13 9 10 12 10 10 10 10 10 13 10 11 13 10 12 10 10 10 10 10 11 10 10 13 10 13 11 13 10 11 10 10 11 11 10 13 13 13 10 10 10 12 12 10 11
12 12 11 12 12 11 11 12 13 12 11 11 12 13 11 12 14 11 11 12 11 11 11 11 12 12 12 11 12 11 12 12 10 11 12 12 12 12 12 14 12 13 12 11 12 12 13 11 12 12 13 12 12 11 12 12 12 11 12 11 12 12 11 12
2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Haplotype diversity: 0.9996, N: number o individuals observed for each haplotype.
202
Y.J. Zhang et al. / Forensic Science International 173 (2007) 197–203
Fig. 1. A map showing location of studied Chinese Korean population in northeastern China.
Quality control: In house proficiency testing and use of the control DNA. And the similarly detection methods has been used in our prior study [2]. Access to the data: [email protected]. Other remarks: A total of 194 different haplotypes were observed in the analyzed Chinese Korean population, among which 188 haplotypes were unique, 5 haplotypes (#5, #42, #68, #123 and #131) ware found in two individuals, respectively, and 1 (#1) was found in three individuals. 184 out of the 201 northeast Chinese Korean extended haplotypes (DYS19– DYS389–DYS390–DYS391–DYS392–DYS393–DYS385– DYS438–DYS439) were not previously observed in the Y-STR Haplotype Reference Database (YHRD) among 6.199 minimal haplotypes in a set of 49 Asian populations; the 6 most common Chinese Korean Y haplotypes (#103, #105, #111, #122, #146 and #148) matched to one individual, respectively, and four common haplotypes (#121, #165, #56 and #131) each matched to three, three, four and seven individuals in the general Asian data set. The overall haplotype diversity value for these Y-STRs loci was 0.9996. A comparative analysis between our data and previously published data for the same set of Y-STR loci has been done using the statistical method of pairwise differentiation test. The comparative results showed that Chinese Korean ethnic group population has significant differences ( p < 0.005) from Tibet Han population (Rst = 0.0215) [6], China Yi population (Rst = 0.0226) [7], Southeast China Han population (Rst = 0.1099) [8], Hong Kong population (Rst = 0.0283) [9], Taiwan population (Rst = 0.2219) [10], Singapore population (Rst = 0.0329) [11], Japan population (Rst = 0.0148) [12], Irish population (Rst = 0.1812) [13], Russian population (Rst = 0.0962) [14], Switzerland population (Rst = 0.0052) [15], Germany population (Rst = 0.0056) [16], Turkey population (Rst = 0.0316) [17], and Poland population (Rst = 0.0409) [18]. And there were no significant difference between
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