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Prevalence of hearing impairment in retinitis pigmentosa population
Otolaryngology– Head and Neck Surgery Volume 131 Number 2
P004 Taste Function after Section of Chorda Tympani Nerve in Middle Ear Surgery Masafumi Sakagami, MD PhD (presenter); Toshihiko Muto, MD; Yasuo Mishiro, MD; Keijiro Fukazawa, MD PhD; Makito Okamoto, MD
Nishinomiya City Japan; Nishinomiya Japan; Osaka Japan; Nishinomiya Japan; Sagamihara Japan
Objectives: We already reported that taste disturbance occurred more frequently after preservation of chorda tympani nerve (CTN) than after section of CTN, especially in cases of otosclorosis, and that younger patients showed higher recovery rate of CTN function than older ones. In the present study, we examined taste function after the section of CTN in middle ear surgery. Methods: Fifty-nine patients were followed up more than 2 years after section of CTN on unilatreral side (42 ears) or on both sides (34 ears) from 1999 to 2002. They aged from 7 to 63 years with a mean of 46.2 years, and they consisted of 63 ears of cholesteatoma, 6 ears of adhesive otitis media and 7 ears of chronic otitis media. Taste function was evaluated by electrogustometry (EGM) and questionnaire. Results: The threshold of EGM was still much elevated 2 years after surgery either in unilatreral or bilateral section of CTN. Interestingly, the area with no response of EGM became smaller in patients below 10 years old with the time, but it was the same in middle and old aged patients. In the questionnaire, symptoms of taste disturbance or tongue numbness ceased 3–12 months (mean, 7.2 months) after unilateral section of CTN and they ceased 1–12 months (mean, 6.7 months) after bilateral section of CTN. Conclusion: These findings suggested that CTN of the opposite side might compensate taste function in case of unilatreral section, and that glossopharyngeal nerve might compensate it in case of bilateral section. P005 Prevalence of Hearing Impairment in Retinitis Pigmentosa Population Satoshi Iwasaki, MD (presenter); Mitsuyoshi Nagura, MD; Satoru Takebayashi, MD; Hiroyuki Mineta, MD Hamamatsu City Japan; Hamamatsu City Japan; Hamamatsu Japan; Hamamatsu Japan
P241
Objectives: Sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) is the most common disease associated with systemic retinitis pigmentosa (RP). Usher syndrome (USH) is a major autosomal recessive disorder characterized by bilateral SNHL and visual impairment caused by RP. USH constituted 43% of systemic RP. Prevalence of USH varies and ranges from 3.5 to 6.2 per 100,000. We conducted a nationwide survey of hearing impairment associated with RP to estimate the prevalence of hearing loss, onset of hearing impairment and proportions of the progressive hearing impairment and vestibular disturbance. Methods: The epidemiological data were derived from questionnaire study on those subjects who were membership registers of the Japanese Retinitis Pigmentosa Society (n ⫽ 3200). The questionnaire comprised 10 questions for investigating hearing impairment-related problems such as onset of hearing impairment, awareness of tinnitus or vestibular disturbance or progressive hearing impairment, and history of audiological examination and hearing aid. Results: A total of 834 questionnaires were returned (26.1% response rate) and were analyzed by 828 (25.9%) subjects, who were diagnosed by an ophthalmologist as RP. The prevalence of hearing impairment or tinnitus was 29.5% (n ⫽ 244) and 30.4% (n ⫽ 252), respectively. The prevalence of cochlear symptom was 42.8% (n ⫽ 346). Mean age of hearing impairment onset was 39.2 years. 72.5% of the 244 subjects with hearing impairment had history of audiological examination. The hearing-aid users were 57 subjects (23.4%). Progressive hearing impairment, tinnitus, or vestibular disturbance was experienced in 46.2%, 43.4%, and 58.1%, respectively. Conclusion: The prevalence of hearing impairment in PR population was high and the clinical features were various. P006 Bedside Tracheotomy: The Northwestern Experience Alastair Lynn-Macrae, MD (presenter); Janaki Emani; Douglas M Sidle, MD; Edward L Applebaum, MD Chicago IL; Chicago IL; Chicago IL; Chicago IL
Objectives: To survey the indications, complications and contraindications for open bedside tracheotomies performed at Northwestern Memorial Hospital by the OtolaryngologyHead and Neck Surgery Service and compare it to that of data series published by other medical centers. Methods: This study was a retrospective chart-based review of all patients undergoing tracheotomy at Northwestern Memorial Hospital from August 1999 to August 2001 by the OtolaryngologyHead and Neck Surgery Department whose records were available for analysis. Data examined included indications for tracheotomy, duration of intubation prior to the tracheotomy, intraoperative and postoperative complications, and the presence of specific clinical contraindications for open bedside tracheotomy. Results: Our survey showed 200 tracheotomies performed
POSTERS
improved saccharine clearance times more than normal saline (39.6% vs 24.1%), (P ⫽ 0.007). Neither hypertonic nor normal saline significantly affected nasal airway patency. Conclusion: Both hypertonic and normal saline nasal spray significantly improved saccharine clearance times without affecting nasal airway patency. Hypertonic saline affected saccharine clearance times to a greater degree than normal saline.
Scientific Posters
P004 Taste Function after Section of Chorda Tympani Nerve in Middle Ear Surgery Masafumi Sakagami, MD PhD (presenter); Toshihiko Muto, MD; Yasuo Mishiro, MD; Keijiro Fukazawa, MD PhD; Makito Okamoto, MD
Nishinomiya City Japan; Nishinomiya Japan; Osaka Japan; Nishinomiya Japan; Sagamihara Japan
Objectives: We already reported that taste disturbance occurred more frequently after preservation of chorda tympani nerve (CTN) than after section of CTN, especially in cases of otosclorosis, and that younger patients showed higher recovery rate of CTN function than older ones. In the present study, we examined taste function after the section of CTN in middle ear surgery. Methods: Fifty-nine patients were followed up more than 2 years after section of CTN on unilatreral side (42 ears) or on both sides (34 ears) from 1999 to 2002. They aged from 7 to 63 years with a mean of 46.2 years, and they consisted of 63 ears of cholesteatoma, 6 ears of adhesive otitis media and 7 ears of chronic otitis media. Taste function was evaluated by electrogustometry (EGM) and questionnaire. Results: The threshold of EGM was still much elevated 2 years after surgery either in unilatreral or bilateral section of CTN. Interestingly, the area with no response of EGM became smaller in patients below 10 years old with the time, but it was the same in middle and old aged patients. In the questionnaire, symptoms of taste disturbance or tongue numbness ceased 3–12 months (mean, 7.2 months) after unilateral section of CTN and they ceased 1–12 months (mean, 6.7 months) after bilateral section of CTN. Conclusion: These findings suggested that CTN of the opposite side might compensate taste function in case of unilatreral section, and that glossopharyngeal nerve might compensate it in case of bilateral section. P005 Prevalence of Hearing Impairment in Retinitis Pigmentosa Population Satoshi Iwasaki, MD (presenter); Mitsuyoshi Nagura, MD; Satoru Takebayashi, MD; Hiroyuki Mineta, MD Hamamatsu City Japan; Hamamatsu City Japan; Hamamatsu Japan; Hamamatsu Japan
P241
Objectives: Sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) is the most common disease associated with systemic retinitis pigmentosa (RP). Usher syndrome (USH) is a major autosomal recessive disorder characterized by bilateral SNHL and visual impairment caused by RP. USH constituted 43% of systemic RP. Prevalence of USH varies and ranges from 3.5 to 6.2 per 100,000. We conducted a nationwide survey of hearing impairment associated with RP to estimate the prevalence of hearing loss, onset of hearing impairment and proportions of the progressive hearing impairment and vestibular disturbance. Methods: The epidemiological data were derived from questionnaire study on those subjects who were membership registers of the Japanese Retinitis Pigmentosa Society (n ⫽ 3200). The questionnaire comprised 10 questions for investigating hearing impairment-related problems such as onset of hearing impairment, awareness of tinnitus or vestibular disturbance or progressive hearing impairment, and history of audiological examination and hearing aid. Results: A total of 834 questionnaires were returned (26.1% response rate) and were analyzed by 828 (25.9%) subjects, who were diagnosed by an ophthalmologist as RP. The prevalence of hearing impairment or tinnitus was 29.5% (n ⫽ 244) and 30.4% (n ⫽ 252), respectively. The prevalence of cochlear symptom was 42.8% (n ⫽ 346). Mean age of hearing impairment onset was 39.2 years. 72.5% of the 244 subjects with hearing impairment had history of audiological examination. The hearing-aid users were 57 subjects (23.4%). Progressive hearing impairment, tinnitus, or vestibular disturbance was experienced in 46.2%, 43.4%, and 58.1%, respectively. Conclusion: The prevalence of hearing impairment in PR population was high and the clinical features were various. P006 Bedside Tracheotomy: The Northwestern Experience Alastair Lynn-Macrae, MD (presenter); Janaki Emani; Douglas M Sidle, MD; Edward L Applebaum, MD Chicago IL; Chicago IL; Chicago IL; Chicago IL
Objectives: To survey the indications, complications and contraindications for open bedside tracheotomies performed at Northwestern Memorial Hospital by the OtolaryngologyHead and Neck Surgery Service and compare it to that of data series published by other medical centers. Methods: This study was a retrospective chart-based review of all patients undergoing tracheotomy at Northwestern Memorial Hospital from August 1999 to August 2001 by the OtolaryngologyHead and Neck Surgery Department whose records were available for analysis. Data examined included indications for tracheotomy, duration of intubation prior to the tracheotomy, intraoperative and postoperative complications, and the presence of specific clinical contraindications for open bedside tracheotomy. Results: Our survey showed 200 tracheotomies performed
POSTERS
improved saccharine clearance times more than normal saline (39.6% vs 24.1%), (P ⫽ 0.007). Neither hypertonic nor normal saline significantly affected nasal airway patency. Conclusion: Both hypertonic and normal saline nasal spray significantly improved saccharine clearance times without affecting nasal airway patency. Hypertonic saline affected saccharine clearance times to a greater degree than normal saline.
Scientific Posters