Reference

291 metastatic disease; one received pre-irradiation vincristine, 17 were treated with concomitant radiotherapy and cyclophosphamide. From 1981 to the present, four patients received pre-irradiation and one received post-irradiation cisplatin-bleomycin, vinblastine (CDDP-BLEO-VLB) regimens. Four patients received radiotherapy alone. All patients completed chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Twenty-five patients had complete tumor clearance and four had a partial response. Overall, 14 patients are alive continuously without relapse with a median follow-up of 11 years (range 4 to 20). All patients who relapsed did so within 2 years postirradiation. Four patients failed locally - all had advanced (T,-T,) local disease at presentation and three of the failures were at the margin of treatment portals. Thirteen patients failed with distant metastasis. The major prognostic factor in these patients was the local extent of disease. Among the 27 M, patients, all ten patients with T,_, tumors are disease-free, whereas four of nine patients with Ts and two of eight patients with T4 tumors are alive and well. In the 16 patients who are long term survivors, eight have mild neck atrophy, two have shortening of the clavicles; except for one patient who required a neck brace for shoulder drop, all had normal function. Among the seven pre-pubertal patients who are long term survivors, three have decreased growth, including one with documented decreased growth hormone. Two patients developed irregular menstrual periods. One patient developed hypothyroidism, and another had a thyroid adenoma. One patient developed bleomycin pneumonitis and one patient who received pre- and post-irradiation chemotherapy died of laryngeal edema and fibrosis, in remission. Radiotherapy is the major modality in the therapy of childhood nasopharyngeal carcinoma. The long term toxicity of radiotherapy plus or minus chemotherapy is acceptable. In early stage tumors (T,_2, N,_,), radiotherapy alone (55-60 Gy) appears to be sufficient for disease control. The more advanced stage tumors require aggressive chemotherapy. since distant failure is the major problem. How accurate is chest radiography in the diagnosis of tracheobronchial foreign bodies in children? Svedstrom, E., Pubakka, H. and Kero, P. Pediatr. Radial. (1989) 19/8 (521-522) The radiographic and endoscopic findings of 83 consecutive patients with suspected foreign body inhalation into the tracheobronchial tree were compared and the accuracy of chest radiography estimated. Typical radiologic signs of FB aspiration, such as localized air trapping, atelectasis infection occurred on radiographs of patients with and without FB. Twenty-four percent of patients endoscopically verified FB had no abnormalities on chest radiography. In an analysis of radiographs 83 consecutive patients, in which the prevalence of FB aspiration was 41%, the diagnostic accuracy 67’%, sensitivity 68% and specificity 67%. Plain film radiology alone is not a sufficiently sensitive specific method for the diagnosis of FB aspiration.

(FB) was and with of was nor

Hearing loss in tympanosclerosis caused by grommets Tos, M. and Stangerup, S.-E. Arch. Otolatyngol. Head Neck Surg. (1989) 115/8 (931-935) The aim of the present study was to determine the degree of hearing impairment caused by tympanosclerosis of the eardrum as a result of grommet insertion. During the period 1977 to 1978 we treated 146 children who had bilateral secretory otitis with adenoidectomy, insertion of a ventilation tube on the right side, and myringotomy on the left. The children were reexamined 2 to 3 years and again 6 to 7 years postoperatively, and hearing was evaluated at 250, 1000, and 4000 Hz. Tympanosclerosis was demonstrated in 59% of the children on the side with grommet insertion compared with 13% in the contralateral ear. Hearing was slightly inferior in ears with tympanosclerosis compared with ears without tympanosclerosis, but the difference was small and nonsignificant. The hearing impairment caused by tympanosclerosis was less than 0.5 dB, which is inconsequential and cannot serve as an argument against the use of ventilation tubes. However, further studies with longer observation periods are warranted.

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293 Flom G.S.; Donovan T.J.; Landgraf J.R.; Congenital dermoid cyst of the anterior tongue; OTOLARYNGOL. HEAD NECK SURG.; 101/3 (388-391)/1989/ Fornadley J.A.; Tami T.A.; The use of magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of the nasal dermal sinus-cyst; OTOLARYNGOL. HEAD NECK SURG.; 101/3 (397-398)/1989/ Forte V.; Turner A.; Liu P.; Objective tinnitus associated with abnormal mastoid emissary vein: J. OTOLARYNGOL.; 18/5 (232-235)/1989/ Freedman A.M.; Reiman H.M.; Woods J.E.; Soft-tissue sarcomas of the head and neck: AM. J. SURG.; 158/4 (3677372)/1989,’ Frodel J.L.; Larrabee W.F.; Raisis J.; The nasal dermoid; OTOLARYNGOL. HEAD NECK SURG.: 101/3 (392-396)/1989/ Gagnon R.; Acoustic stimulation: Effect on heart rate and other biophysical variables; CLIN. PERINATOL.; 16/3 (643-660)/1989/ Gates G.A.; Hough J.V.; Gatti W.M.; Bradley W.H.; The safety and effectiveness of an implanted electromagnetic hearing device; ARCH. OTOLARYNGOL. HEAD NECK SURG.: 115,‘8 (924-930)/1989/ Godbersen G.S.; Gross M.; Documentation of findings. Cleft palate, lips and jaws: Speech and hearing results; SPRACHE STIMME GEHOR; 13/3 (119-122)/1989/ Gould H.J; ; Audiologic findings in Pierre Robin Sequence; EAR HEAR.; 10/3 (211-213)/1989/ Gravel J.S.; Kurtzberg D.; Stapells D.R.; Vaughan H.G.; Wallace I.F.: Case studies; SEMIN. HEAR.: 10/3 (272-287)/1989/ Green G.; Psycho-behavioral characteristics of children with vocal nodules: WPBIC ratings; J. SPEECH HEAR. DISORD.; 54/3 (306-312)/1989/ Gross C.W.; Lazar R.H.; Gurucharri M.J.; Pediatric functional endonasal sinus surgery: OTOLARYNGOL. CLIN. NORTH AM.; 22/4 (vi + 733-738)/1989/ Guarisco J.L.; Graham H.D.; Epistaxis in children: Causes, diagnosis. and treatment: EAR NOSE THROAT J.; 68/7 (522-538)/1989/ Guttenplan M.D.; Wetmore R.F.; Paranasal sinus mucocele in cystic fibrosis; CLIN. PEDIATR.: 28/9 (429-430’1/1989/ Hall P.K.; The occurrence of developmental apraxia of speech in a mild articulation disorder: A case study; J. COMMUN. DISORD.; 22/4 (265-276)/1989/ Harris W.E.: Adams D.A.; A comparison between coupler gain and insertion gain of hearing aids as used in partially hearing units in five schools in Belfast; BR. J. AUDIOL.: 23/3 (255-260)/1989/ Harsten G.; Prellner K.; Heldrup J.; Kalm 0.: Kornfalt R.; Treatment failure in acute otitis media. A clinical study of children during theri first three years of life: ACTA OTO-LARYNGOL.; 108/3-4 (253-258)/1989/ Hattori H.; Two-level screening audiometry in public school; AURIS NASUS LARYNX; 16/SIJPPL. 1 (S15-S21)/1989/ Henderson J.M.; Balloons as a cause of airway obstruction; AM. FAM. PHYS.: 40/2 (171-173)/1989/ Hess C.W.; Haug H.T.; Landry R.C.; The reliability of type-spoken ratios for the oral language of school age children; J. SPEECH HEAR. RES.; 32/3 (536-540)/1989/ Hirano M.; Yoshida T.; Sakaguchi S.; Hydroxylapatite for laryngotracheal framework reconstruction: ANN. OTOL. RHINOL. LARYNGOL.; 98,‘9 (713-717)/1989,’ Holinger L.D.; Oppenheimer R.W.; Congenital subglottic stenosis: The elliptical cricoid cartilage: ANN. OTOL. RHINOL. LARYNGOL.; 98/9 (702-706)/1989/ Ikeda K.; Kobayashi T.; Itoh Z.; Suzuki H.; Kusakari J.; Takasaka T.; Immunological abnormality of the serological tests in bilateral sensorineural hearing loss; ORL; 51/5 (2688275)/1989/ Jackson I.T.; Advances in craniofacial tumor surgery; WORLD J. SURG.; 13/4 (740-753)/1989/ Jacobsson S.; Von Sydow C.; Rigner P.; Bondesson G.; Clinical and bacteriological effect of Augmentin (amoxycillin/clavulanic acid) and cefaclor in cases of recurrent otitis media or therapy failure; J. DRUG DEV.; Z/SUPPL. 1 (87-90)/1989/ Jensen J.H.; Johansen P.A.; Borre S.; Unilateral sensorineural hearing loss in children and auditory performance with respect to right/left ear differences; BR. J. AUDIOL.; 23/3 (207-213)/1989/ Jerger S.; Zeller R.S.; Dichotic listening in a child with a cerebral lesion: The ‘paradoxical’ ipsilateral ear deficit; EAR HEAR.; 10/3 (167-172)/1989/

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LARYNGOCARE;

5/3

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29.5 Mimaki T.; Tagawa T.; Tanaka J.; Sato K.; Yabuuchi H.: EEG and CT abnormalities in xeroderma pigmentosum; ACTA NEUROL. SCAND.; 80/2 (1366141)/1989/ Minamitani M.; Hachimori K.; Kaneda K.; A clinical evaluation of cefpodoxime proxetil in pediatrics: JPN. J. ANTIBIOT.; 42/7 (1488-1497)/1989/ Morgenstem C.; Scheidt A.; Kau R.; Niessen A.; Sensorineural hearing loss and cytomegaly virus infection; LARYNGO-RHINO-OTOL.; 68/9 (503-505)/1989/ Morin C.; Tewfik T.L.; Hearing loss and relapsing polychondtitis: a case report: J. OTOLARYNGOL.: 18/5 (222-225)/1989/ Muhlbauer W.; Anderl H.; Heeckt P.; Schmidt A.; Zenker J.; Hopner F.; Schaarschmidt B.: Early operation in craniofacial dysostosis; WORLD J. SURG.; 13/4 (366-372)/1989/ Newman L.L.; Smit A.B.; Some effects of variations in response time latency on speech rate, interruptions, and fluency in children’s speech; J. SPEECH HEAR. RES.; 32/3 (635-644)/1989/ O’Dwyer T.P.; Timon C.; Walsh M.A.; Surgical management of drooling in the neurologically damaged child; J. LARYNGOL. OTOL.; 103/8 (750-752)/1989/ Oberklaid F.; Harris C.; Keir E.; Auditory dysfunction. In children with school problems: CLIN. PEDIATR.; 28/9 (397-403)/1989/ Osberger M.J.; Myres W.A.; Miyamoto R.T.; Robbins A.J.; Kessler K.; Renshaw J.; Pope M.L.; Comparison of sensory aids in deaf children; ANN. OTOL. RHINOL. LARYNGOL.; 98/8 II SUPPL. 142 (2-7)/1989/ Ostri B.; Bak-Pedersen K.; Surgical management of labyrinthine fistulae in chronic otitis media with cholesteatoma by a one-stage closed technique; ORL; 51/5 (295-299)/1989/ Ousey J.; Sheppard S.; Twomey T.; Palmer A.R.; The IHR-McCormick automated Toy Discrimination test - Description and initial evaluation; BR. J. AUDIOL.; 23/3 (245-249)/1989/ Painton S.W.; Automatic immittance audiometry on children with transtympanic ventilation tubes: EAR HEAR.; 10/3 (209-210)/1989/ Papso CF.: Blood 1-M.; Word recognition skills of children and adults in background noise; EAR HEAR.; lo,‘4 (235-236)/1989/ Parker W.; Migraine and the vestibular system in childhood and adolescence: AM. J. OTOL.: IO/S (364-371)/1989/ Poole M.D.; Hemifacial microsomia; WORLD J. SURG.; 13/4 (396-400)/1989/ Prelock P.A.; Panagos J.M.; The influence of processing mode on the sentence productions of languagedisordered and normal children; CLIN. LINGUIST. PHONETICS; 3/3 (251-263)/1989/ Rao B.N.; Santana V.m.; Fleming I.D.: Pratt C.B.: Shapiro D.; Fontanesi J.; Kumar A.P.M.; Austin B.A.; Management and prognosis of head and neck sarcomas: AM. J. SURG.: 158/4 (373-377)/‘1989/ Reich A.R.; Mason J.A.; Frederickson R.R.; Schlauch R.S.; Factors influencing fundamental frequency range estimates in children; J. SPEECH HEAR. DISORD.; 54/3 (429-438)/1989/ Rihkanen H.; Jauhiainen T.; Linkola H.; Palva T.: Audiological results using single-channel intracochlear implant, vibrotactile aid or acoustic hearing aids; ACTA OTO-LARYNGOL.: 108/3-4 (184-189)/‘1989/ Roland P.S.; Finitzo T.; Friel-Patti S.; Clinton Brown K.: Stephens K.T.: Brown 0.; Coleman J.M.: Otitis media. Incidence, duration, and hearing status: ARCH. OTOLARYNGOL. HEAD NECK SURG.; 115/9 (1049-1053)/1989/ Romski M.A.: Sevcik R.A.; Reumann R.; Pate J.L.; Youngsters with moderate or severe mental retardation and severe spoken language impairments I: Extant communicative patterns; J. SPEECH HEAR. DISORD.; 54/3 (366-373)/1989/ Ruben R.J.: Yankelowitz SM.; Spontaneous perilymphatic fistula in children; AM. J. OTOL.: 10/3 (198-207)/‘1989/ Rupa V.; Mathew J.; Bhanu T.S.; Date A.; Paediatric laryngeal tuberculosis presenting with stridor: .I. LARYNGOL. OTOL.; 103/8 (787-788)/1989/ Sade J.; Luntz M.; Eustachian tube lumen: Comparison between normal and inflamed specimens; ANN. OTOL. RHINOL. LARYNGOL.; 98/8 I (630-634)/1989/ Sakata H.; Kakehashi H.; Fujita K.; Yoshioka H.; Iseki K.: Murono K.; Takahashi Y.: Clinical and pharmacokinetic evaluation of cefpodoxime proxetil m children; JPN. J. ANTIBIOT.: 42/7 (145661463)/3989/

296 Saunders G.H.; Haggard M.P.; The clinical assessment of obscure auditory dysfunction - 1. Auditory and psychological factors; EAR HEAR.; 10/3 (200-208)/1989/ Schellhas K.P.; MR imaging of muscles of mastication; AM. J. ROENTGENOL.; 153/4 (847-855)/1989/ Scherer N.J.; Olswang L.B.; Using structured discourse as a language intervention technique with autistic children; J. SPEECH HEAR. DISORD.; 54/3 (383-394)/1989/ Schmitt P.A.; Donath K.; Hormann K.; Extraosseous maxillary cysts. - Nasolabial cyst; LARYNGORHINO-OTOL.; 68/8 (470-474)/1989/ Schuknecht H.F.; Congenital aural atresia; LARYNGOSCOPE; 99/9 (908-917)/1989/ Schwaab G.; Bouzouita K.; Janot F.; Flamant F.; Luboinski B.; Head and neck cancers in children. Histologic and topographic distribution. Therapeutic indications (study of 380 cases, 1975-1987); BULL. CANCER; 76/7 (757-762)/1989/ Shikhani A.H.; Hadi U.M.; Mufanij A.A.; Zaytoun G.M.; Mycobacterial cervical lymphadenitis; EAR NOSE THROAT J.; 68/9 (660-672)/1989/ Simms D.L.; Neeley J.G.; Thickness of the lateral surface of the temporal bone in children; ANN. OTOL. RHINOL. LARYNGOL.; 98/9 (726-731)/1989/ Simms D.L.; Neely J.G.; Growth of the lateral surface of the temporal bone in children; LARYNGOSCOPE; 99/8 I (795-799)/1989/ Skevas A.; Bliouras K.; Papadopoulos N.; Tsoulias T.; Unusual lateral cevico-facial fistula; LARYNGORHINO- OTOL.; 68/8 (475-477)/1989/ Smith R.J.H.; A DNA linkage study of Usher’s syndrome excluding much of chromosome 4; LARYNGOSCOPE; 99/9 (940-949)/1989/ Staindl 0.; Treatment of hemangiomas of the face with magnesium seeds; ARCH. OTO-RHINOLARYNGOL.; 246/4 (213-217)/1989/ Stapells D.R.; Auditory brainstem response assessment of infants and children; SEMIN. HEAR.; 10/3 (229-251)/1989/ Stefanatos G.A.; Green G.G.R.; Ratcliff G-G.; Neurophysiological evidence of auditory channel anomalies in developmental dysphasia; ARCH. NEUROL.; 46/8 (871-875)/1989/ Stenfors L.-E.; Raisanen S.; Interaction between Streptococcus pneumoniae and Branhamella catarrhalis obtained from double-colonized, healthy nasopharynx and double-infected, diseased middle ear cavity; SCAND. J. INFECT. DIS.; 21/4 (397-401)/1989/ Stevens J.C.; Webb H.D.; Hutchinson J.; Connell J.; Smith M.F.; Buffin J.T.; Click evoked otoacoustic emissions compared with brain stem electric response; ARCH. DIS. CHILD.; 64/8 (1105-1111)/1989/ Subiza J.; Subiza J.L.; Hinojosa M.; Garcia R.; Jerez M.; Valdivieso R.; Subiza E.; Anaphylactic reaction after the ingestion ofchamomile tea: A study of cross-reactivity with other composite pollens; J. ALLERGY CLIN. IMMUNOL.; 84/3 (353-358)/1989/ Swan I.R.C.; Diagnostic vetting of individuals with asymmetric sensorineural hearing impairments; J. LARYNGOL. OTOL.; 103/9 (823-826)/1989/ Thal D.; Bates E.; Bellugi U.; Language and cognition in two children with Williams syndrome; J. SPEECH HEAR. RES.; 32/3 (489-500)/1989/ Torrijos E.; Khan A.J.; Bastawros M.; Amin I.; Hecht E.; Urinary tract infections associated with otitis media in infants and children; J. NATL MED. ASSOC.; 81/6 (677-679)/1989/ Tos M.; Lau T.; Hearing after surgery for cholesteatoma using various techniques; AURIS NASUS LARYNX; 16/2 (61-73)/1989/ Trehub SE.; Schneider B.A.; Morrongiello B.A.; Thorpe L.A.; Developmental changes in high-frequency sensitivity; AUDIOLOGY; 28/5 (241-249)/1989/ Turner A.; Friedberg J.; Mancer K.; Becker J.; Melanotic neuroectodermal tumor of infancy: Report of two cases; INT. J. PEDIATR. OTORHINOLARYNGOL.; 18/l (59-66)/1989/ Van der Meulen J.C.H.; Vaandrager J.M.; Facial clefts; WORLD J. SURG.; 13/4 (373-383)/1989/ Waldron J.; Mitchell D.B.; Ford G.; Reduction of fractured nasal bones; local versus general anaesthesia; CLIN. OTOLARYNGOL. ALLIED SCI.; 14/4 (357-359)/1989/ Wallace I.F.; Role of developmental evaluations in assessing auditory system integrity; SEMIN. HEAR.; lo,‘3 (262-271)/1989/

291 Wallesch B.; Johannsen H.S.; On the aetiology of sulcus glottidis; LARYNGORHINO- OTOL.; 68/9 (506-509)/1989/ Warren D.W.; Dalston R.M.; Morr K.E.; Hairfield W.M.; Smith L.R.; The speech regulating system: Temporal and aerodynamic responses to velopharyngeal inadequacy; J. SPEECH HEAR. RES.: 32;3 (566-575)/1989/ Warren SF.; Bambara L.M.; An experimental analysis of milieu language intervention: Teaching the action-object form; J. SPEECH HEAR. DISORD.; 54/3 (448-461)/1989/ Watanabe A.; Koshinami M.; Clinical studies on cefpodoxime proxetil in the pediatric fields: JPN. J. ANTIBIOT.; 42/7 (1471-1476)/1989/ Watkin P.M.; Otological disease in Turner’s syndrome; J. LARYNGOL. OTOL.; 103/8 (731-738)/1989/ Wild N.J.; Sheppard S.; Smithells R.W.; Holzel H.; Jones G.; Onset and severity of hearing loss due to congenital rubella infection; ARCH. DIS. CHILD.; 64/9 (1280-1283)/1989/ Wouters B.; Van Overbeek J.J.M.; Buiter C.T.; Hoeksema P.E.; Laser surgery in lingual tonsil hyperplasia: CLIN. OTOLARYNGOL. ALLIEDSCI.; 14/4 (291-296)/1989/ Yellin M.W.: Jerger J.; Fifer R.C.; Norms for disproportionate loss in speech intelligibility: EAR HEAR.: 10/4 (231-234)/1989/ Yoder P.J.; Maternal question use predicts later language development in specific-language-disordered children; J. SPEECH HEAR. DISORD.; 54/3 (347-355)/1989/ Zargar S.A.; Kochhar R.; Nagi B.; Mehta S.; Mehta SK.; Ingestion of corrosive acids: Spectrum of injury to upper gastrointestinal tract and natural history: GASTROENTEROLOGY: 97/3 (702-707)/1989/ Zebrowski P.M.; Conture E.G.; Judgments of disfluency by mothers of stuttering and normally fluent children; J. SPEECH HEAR. RES.; 32/3 (625-634)/1989/ Zonneveld F.W.; Lobregt S.; Van der Meulen J.C.H.; Vaandrager J.M.; Three-dimensional imaging in craniofacial surgery: WORLD J. SURG.; 13/4 (328-342)/1989/