- Email: [email protected]
S10-4. Role of the medical doctors in longterm VIDO-EEG monitoring
e26
Abstracts / Clinical Neurophysiology 129 (2018) e17–e43
use for fMRI. This contrast becomes more than double at 7 T compared with 3 T, which is now mainly used. Higher contrast combined with higher SNR, 7 T affords us to investigate submillimeter changes, which can be applied to investigate intracortical layer-wise activity to investigate motion control and visual processing in schizophrenia and Parkinson’s disease. Moreover, resting-state fMRI of the whole brain can be conducted in a shorter time with less patient burden. At 7 T, the chemical shift of cerebral metabolites can be decomposed in detail as the resonance frequency increases, so measurement of GABA, Glutamate and others are easier with MR spectroscopy. As for structure measurements, there is a large trend to go quantitative. T1 and T2 star values are major indexes, and especially T2 star can be processed as quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) values. QSM is sensitive to iron, which accumulates at the amyloid plaque. By utilizing 7 T-MRI, it is expected to better elucidate pathophysiology of the brain. doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2018.02.045
S9-3. Associative learning between orientation and color created by decoded fMRI neurofeedback—Kaoru Amano (Center for Information and Neural Networks (CiNet), National Institute of Information and Technologies (NICT), Osaka, Japan) One of the promising techniques to unravel the neural causes of human visual perception and behavior is an fMRI decoded neurofeedback (DecNef) (Shibata et al., Science, 2011), which can noninvasively induce neural activities corresponding to specific information (e.g. color and motion). In the first study (Amano et al., Current Biology, 2016), subjects implicitly learned to induce the neural activity pattern in V1/V2 corresponding to red color during the presentation of an achromatic vertical grating via DecNef training. After the training, an achromatic vertical grating was perceived to be reddish, indicating the creation of orientation-specific color perception by manipulating V1/V2 activities. In the second study (Koizumi et al., Nature Human Behaviour, 2016), we could reduce fear towards a fearconditioned stimulus by pairing rewards with the activation patterns in V1/V2 representing the fear-conditioned stimulus, while participants remain unaware of the content and purpose of the procedure. This procedure may be an initial step towards novel treatments for fear-related disorders such as phobia and PTSD, via unconscious processing.
the EEG just after the start of recording and observe all EEG data. They check the condition of the electrodes at least twice a day. EEG technologists also manage and review recording of scalp EEG simultaneously with iEEG in the second week of investigation. They check after-discharges during functional brain mapping by cortical electrical stimulation. They work closely together with the neurosurgeon and neurologist to ensure patient safety. EEG technologists are also expected to relieve the patient of physical and psychological burdens during iEEG recording. They provide adequate information about the examination to patients and family before implantation of the intracranial electrodes. They continue to support patients and their family during iEEG recording. doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2018.02.047
S10-4. Role of the medical doctors in longterm VIDO-EEG monitoring—Motoki Inaji 1, Keiko Hara 2,3, Taketoshi Maehara 1 (1 Department of Neurosurgery, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Japan, 2 Biofunctional Informatics, Biomedical Laboratory Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Japan, 3 Hara Clinic, Japan) Long-term video-electroencephalography monitoring (LTM) in epilepsy monitoring units (EMUs) is an essential and most meaningful investigation for diagnosis of epilepsy, classification of epileptic seizures and pre-surgical evaluation of patients with intractable localization-related epilepsy. The tapering of antiepileptic drugs is commonly used to record seizures efficiently. However, this practice may expose patients to serious adverse events, such as falls, status epilepticus, psychiatric complication, cardiac events and pulmonary complications. The issue of patients’ safety during LTM is one of the most important tasks. Before the starting of the LTM, the patients’ information (seizure type and frequency, history of seizure clusters, status epilepticus, and postictalpsychosis, number, dosage, and type of AEDs) must be shared in multidisciplinary conference, Based on these information, the AED tapering and safety plan should be developed for each patient. Furthermore, staff education improve patients’ supervision by nurses and EEG technicians, and immediate review of adverse events. The information and knowledge sharing by all the EMU staff might be most important for the patients‘ safety and efficient seizure recording. doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2018.02.048
doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2018.02.046
S10-3. Involvement of EEG technologists in intracranial electroencephalography—Rie Sakuraba 1, Shin-ichiro Osawa 2, Kazutaka Jin 3, Masaki Iwasaki 4, Nobukazu Nakasato 3 (1 Clinical Physiology Center, Tohoku University Hospital, Japan, 2 Department of Neurosurgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan, 3 Department of Epileptology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan, 4 Department of Neurosurgery, National Center Hospital of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan) Intracranial electroencephalography (iEEG) is highly invasive but is useful in epilepsy surgery to delineate the margins of an epileptogenic zone and to identify eloquent areas. The involvement of EEG technologists in iEEG varies depending on the institution in Japan. In our hospital, EEG technologists are involved in preparing, recording, and reviewing EEGs, and supporting patients and their family during iEEG. EEG technologists prepare the electroencephalograph setting and connect the intracranial electrodes to the electroencephalograph with the neurosurgeon on the day after implantation. They review
S11-3. Three points to remember when you conduct research using event-related potentials—Hiroshi Nittono (Graduate School of Human Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan) Event-related potentials (ERP) are a part of the electroencephalogram (EEG) that is time-locked to a certain event, such as stimulus presentation or movement onset. As recent advances in electronics bring inexpensive and easy-to-use EEG amplifiers to the market, more and more people are interested in also recording ERPs. However, easy-to-use does not mean easy-tosucceed. In this talk, I will make three practical recommendations for conducting ERP research. First, make sure that the timings of events are precisely registered with the EEG data. Recent commercial EEG devices may not be as precise as traditional ones. Ask the distributor about how the device synchronizes the two information sources, and if possible, check the system yourself in terms of delays and the temporal stability of event markers. Second, try to make the whole research process as open and transparent as possible. Because brain electrical activities are multidimensional, and an infinite variety of analysis techniques are available,
Abstracts / Clinical Neurophysiology 129 (2018) e17–e43
use for fMRI. This contrast becomes more than double at 7 T compared with 3 T, which is now mainly used. Higher contrast combined with higher SNR, 7 T affords us to investigate submillimeter changes, which can be applied to investigate intracortical layer-wise activity to investigate motion control and visual processing in schizophrenia and Parkinson’s disease. Moreover, resting-state fMRI of the whole brain can be conducted in a shorter time with less patient burden. At 7 T, the chemical shift of cerebral metabolites can be decomposed in detail as the resonance frequency increases, so measurement of GABA, Glutamate and others are easier with MR spectroscopy. As for structure measurements, there is a large trend to go quantitative. T1 and T2 star values are major indexes, and especially T2 star can be processed as quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) values. QSM is sensitive to iron, which accumulates at the amyloid plaque. By utilizing 7 T-MRI, it is expected to better elucidate pathophysiology of the brain. doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2018.02.045
S9-3. Associative learning between orientation and color created by decoded fMRI neurofeedback—Kaoru Amano (Center for Information and Neural Networks (CiNet), National Institute of Information and Technologies (NICT), Osaka, Japan) One of the promising techniques to unravel the neural causes of human visual perception and behavior is an fMRI decoded neurofeedback (DecNef) (Shibata et al., Science, 2011), which can noninvasively induce neural activities corresponding to specific information (e.g. color and motion). In the first study (Amano et al., Current Biology, 2016), subjects implicitly learned to induce the neural activity pattern in V1/V2 corresponding to red color during the presentation of an achromatic vertical grating via DecNef training. After the training, an achromatic vertical grating was perceived to be reddish, indicating the creation of orientation-specific color perception by manipulating V1/V2 activities. In the second study (Koizumi et al., Nature Human Behaviour, 2016), we could reduce fear towards a fearconditioned stimulus by pairing rewards with the activation patterns in V1/V2 representing the fear-conditioned stimulus, while participants remain unaware of the content and purpose of the procedure. This procedure may be an initial step towards novel treatments for fear-related disorders such as phobia and PTSD, via unconscious processing.
the EEG just after the start of recording and observe all EEG data. They check the condition of the electrodes at least twice a day. EEG technologists also manage and review recording of scalp EEG simultaneously with iEEG in the second week of investigation. They check after-discharges during functional brain mapping by cortical electrical stimulation. They work closely together with the neurosurgeon and neurologist to ensure patient safety. EEG technologists are also expected to relieve the patient of physical and psychological burdens during iEEG recording. They provide adequate information about the examination to patients and family before implantation of the intracranial electrodes. They continue to support patients and their family during iEEG recording. doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2018.02.047
S10-4. Role of the medical doctors in longterm VIDO-EEG monitoring—Motoki Inaji 1, Keiko Hara 2,3, Taketoshi Maehara 1 (1 Department of Neurosurgery, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Japan, 2 Biofunctional Informatics, Biomedical Laboratory Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Japan, 3 Hara Clinic, Japan) Long-term video-electroencephalography monitoring (LTM) in epilepsy monitoring units (EMUs) is an essential and most meaningful investigation for diagnosis of epilepsy, classification of epileptic seizures and pre-surgical evaluation of patients with intractable localization-related epilepsy. The tapering of antiepileptic drugs is commonly used to record seizures efficiently. However, this practice may expose patients to serious adverse events, such as falls, status epilepticus, psychiatric complication, cardiac events and pulmonary complications. The issue of patients’ safety during LTM is one of the most important tasks. Before the starting of the LTM, the patients’ information (seizure type and frequency, history of seizure clusters, status epilepticus, and postictalpsychosis, number, dosage, and type of AEDs) must be shared in multidisciplinary conference, Based on these information, the AED tapering and safety plan should be developed for each patient. Furthermore, staff education improve patients’ supervision by nurses and EEG technicians, and immediate review of adverse events. The information and knowledge sharing by all the EMU staff might be most important for the patients‘ safety and efficient seizure recording. doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2018.02.048
doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2018.02.046
S10-3. Involvement of EEG technologists in intracranial electroencephalography—Rie Sakuraba 1, Shin-ichiro Osawa 2, Kazutaka Jin 3, Masaki Iwasaki 4, Nobukazu Nakasato 3 (1 Clinical Physiology Center, Tohoku University Hospital, Japan, 2 Department of Neurosurgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan, 3 Department of Epileptology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan, 4 Department of Neurosurgery, National Center Hospital of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan) Intracranial electroencephalography (iEEG) is highly invasive but is useful in epilepsy surgery to delineate the margins of an epileptogenic zone and to identify eloquent areas. The involvement of EEG technologists in iEEG varies depending on the institution in Japan. In our hospital, EEG technologists are involved in preparing, recording, and reviewing EEGs, and supporting patients and their family during iEEG. EEG technologists prepare the electroencephalograph setting and connect the intracranial electrodes to the electroencephalograph with the neurosurgeon on the day after implantation. They review
S11-3. Three points to remember when you conduct research using event-related potentials—Hiroshi Nittono (Graduate School of Human Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan) Event-related potentials (ERP) are a part of the electroencephalogram (EEG) that is time-locked to a certain event, such as stimulus presentation or movement onset. As recent advances in electronics bring inexpensive and easy-to-use EEG amplifiers to the market, more and more people are interested in also recording ERPs. However, easy-to-use does not mean easy-tosucceed. In this talk, I will make three practical recommendations for conducting ERP research. First, make sure that the timings of events are precisely registered with the EEG data. Recent commercial EEG devices may not be as precise as traditional ones. Ask the distributor about how the device synchronizes the two information sources, and if possible, check the system yourself in terms of delays and the temporal stability of event markers. Second, try to make the whole research process as open and transparent as possible. Because brain electrical activities are multidimensional, and an infinite variety of analysis techniques are available,