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Some observations on the circulatory mechanism in marathon runners
Bramwell, Brighton, and Mechanism in Marathon
Ellis, Reginald: Some Observations Runners. QVXI~~ .1. .\11$11. 21: X!).
on the 1!b::l.
Circulatory
on whi(.ll thii: l~lx’r is ll:lS(~~l wl’rc 111:141<’at t1rr I:151 ()I\ Ill~lil~ where tlx allthtrys cx~~i~iu~il nltt@hcxr mrir~ tl~nl i’O0 :tllll&‘S wrcstlcrs au<1 ~omp&itors in variouP iucludiug runners, weight lifters, swimrucr?, other events. The article deals with tllcl findiugs made by tile autllors 011 the C:lSW studied xs ~vcll as Tvith a dist~ussion of the rarious l)rinGl)les invol\-cd in r?sc3rcisc It Icprcsentx a brief ~vell and the rcqonee of the heart to strain and training. snljject and should lx of interclst to presented discussion of this V.V~ importnut all. They noted that the indiriduals jn tile mlrathnn I’:WW n-erc inclined to be older, smaller and Tvith a slower pulsc~ rate aud a slightly higher blood pressure. They believe that the rn:lrathnn runner requires a L:re:ltcsr stamiun whic>h may be found more frequently in older men rather th:ln in younger xthlctcs. Then bclicve that the younger athlctr is morc~ in~lincd to run himself out and to use no rnution The sprint,cr is of ml!~I: less inter& than the marathon ill conserving his strength. runner to the cardiologist. His chance of success dcpeuds more on perfect n+xromuscular coordination. lie (*au run 100 metcrq without taking a single breath and can trust to the buffering mech:mism in his blood am1 muscles to deal for the moment with all the lactic acid produced. So far as the immctlinte rcquircments of his muscles are concern4 he might ahntrst dispense with llis heart. The obscrvat,ions 1:alncs at Amsterdam
For the longer mechanism is all amount of oxygen in in Of the
distances on the: other hand, important ; the loug distance he cnu obtain during tllcx race.
thcx cfficien~y runner bring
of the circulatory depcndcnt; on the
The authors discuss all the oxygen requirements and glycogen balance found athletes of this t;:pc. Thry point out the danger of glycogen death to be found this group. Two men were on the ~rgc: of lrypoglycemie convulsions. The use Sllg:Lr in the day previous to tlrck rxc and possibly during tile race is based on utilization of glpcogen. It
was
pCrCt3llt:rgC
tiou of the They belicye tlie rac+o is of the heart COWan,
found the heart ~~3s generally enlarged in marathon runners. The of very large hearts lleing surprisingly high. They discuss the explanadifference that has been found by other workers in this same group. that the recorded instances of small hearts found immediatrly after due to the position of the dial)hr:rgm and to the change in position rather than to a change in :,ctual sisc.
John:
Observations
on Angina
Pectoris.
Brit.
1M. ,T. 1: 879,
1’3.11.
The author describes various features of angina pectoris from observations on cases under his care. IIc llotcs the great vnriatiou in the severity of the pain in different patients and describes the site of pain as being generally behind the center The pain often is a feeling of impending dissolution. He notes of the sternum. that; angina occurs more comu~on!y in men than in women and most frequently in the fifth and sixth decade; the rouugest paitrnt was twenty-three years old. He finds no special relationship between angina and the infections. Rheumatic fever was the most common antecedent in this series but its incidence was small. The association with syphilis is closer. Reveutcen patients in the group studied had suffered from syphilis. He believes that muscular auoscmia accounts for the actual attack. In this series a post-mortem twelve presented infarcts or extensively diseased. In two disturbances not infrequently angina and the excessive USC
examination was obtained in thirteen cases; of these fibrosis of the muscles, the coronary arteries being cases thcrc was rupture of the heart. Vasomotor accompanied tile attacks. The association between of tobacco is well established.
Ellis, Reginald: Some Observations Runners. QVXI~~ .1. .\11$11. 21: X!).
on the 1!b::l.
Circulatory
on whi(.ll thii: l~lx’r is ll:lS(~~l wl’rc 111:141<’at t1rr I:151 ()I\ Ill~lil~ where tlx allthtrys cx~~i~iu~il nltt@hcxr mrir~ tl~nl i’O0 :tllll&‘S wrcstlcrs au<1 ~omp&itors in variouP iucludiug runners, weight lifters, swimrucr?, other events. The article deals with tllcl findiugs made by tile autllors 011 the C:lSW studied xs ~vcll as Tvith a dist~ussion of the rarious l)rinGl)les invol\-cd in r?sc3rcisc It Icprcsentx a brief ~vell and the rcqonee of the heart to strain and training. snljject and should lx of interclst to presented discussion of this V.V~ importnut all. They noted that the indiriduals jn tile mlrathnn I’:WW n-erc inclined to be older, smaller and Tvith a slower pulsc~ rate aud a slightly higher blood pressure. They believe that the rn:lrathnn runner requires a L:re:ltcsr stamiun whic>h may be found more frequently in older men rather th:ln in younger xthlctcs. Then bclicve that the younger athlctr is morc~ in~lincd to run himself out and to use no rnution The sprint,cr is of ml!~I: less inter& than the marathon ill conserving his strength. runner to the cardiologist. His chance of success dcpeuds more on perfect n+xromuscular coordination. lie (*au run 100 metcrq without taking a single breath and can trust to the buffering mech:mism in his blood am1 muscles to deal for the moment with all the lactic acid produced. So far as the immctlinte rcquircments of his muscles are concern4 he might ahntrst dispense with llis heart. The obscrvat,ions 1:alncs at Amsterdam
For the longer mechanism is all amount of oxygen in in Of the
distances on the: other hand, important ; the loug distance he cnu obtain during tllcx race.
thcx cfficien~y runner bring
of the circulatory depcndcnt; on the
The authors discuss all the oxygen requirements and glycogen balance found athletes of this t;:pc. Thry point out the danger of glycogen death to be found this group. Two men were on the ~rgc: of lrypoglycemie convulsions. The use Sllg:Lr in the day previous to tlrck rxc and possibly during tile race is based on utilization of glpcogen. It
was
pCrCt3llt:rgC
tiou of the They belicye tlie rac+o is of the heart COWan,
found the heart ~~3s generally enlarged in marathon runners. The of very large hearts lleing surprisingly high. They discuss the explanadifference that has been found by other workers in this same group. that the recorded instances of small hearts found immediatrly after due to the position of the dial)hr:rgm and to the change in position rather than to a change in :,ctual sisc.
John:
Observations
on Angina
Pectoris.
Brit.
1M. ,T. 1: 879,
1’3.11.
The author describes various features of angina pectoris from observations on cases under his care. IIc llotcs the great vnriatiou in the severity of the pain in different patients and describes the site of pain as being generally behind the center The pain often is a feeling of impending dissolution. He notes of the sternum. that; angina occurs more comu~on!y in men than in women and most frequently in the fifth and sixth decade; the rouugest paitrnt was twenty-three years old. He finds no special relationship between angina and the infections. Rheumatic fever was the most common antecedent in this series but its incidence was small. The association with syphilis is closer. Reveutcen patients in the group studied had suffered from syphilis. He believes that muscular auoscmia accounts for the actual attack. In this series a post-mortem twelve presented infarcts or extensively diseased. In two disturbances not infrequently angina and the excessive USC
examination was obtained in thirteen cases; of these fibrosis of the muscles, the coronary arteries being cases thcrc was rupture of the heart. Vasomotor accompanied tile attacks. The association between of tobacco is well established.