- Email: [email protected]
Stensen of Stensen's duct
38
VAN GINKEL ET AL.
25.
26.
27. 28. 29.
30. 31.
32.
33. 34.
GASTROENTEROLOGY Vol. 120, No. 1
tion of colonic motility in health and in irritable bowel syndrome. Gastroenterology 1992;102:1889 –1898. Abrahamsson H. Gastrointestinal motility in patients with the irritable bowel syndrome. Scand J Gastroenterol Suppl 1987; 130:21–26. Sullivan MA, Cohen S, Snape WJ Jr. Colonic myoelectrical activity in irritable-bowel syndrome. Effect of eating and anticholinergics. N Engl J Med 1978;298:878 – 883. Lindstrom MJ, Bates DM. Nonlinear mixed effects models for repeated measures data. Biometrics 1990;46:673– 687. Davidian M, Giltinan DM. Nonlinear mixed effects models for repeated measurement data. London: Chapman and Hall, 1995. Bell AM, Pemberton JH, Hanson RB, Zinsmeister AR. Variations in muscle tone of the human rectum: recordings with an electromechanical barostat. Am J Physiol 1991;260:G17–G25. Hyams JS. Recurrent abdominal pain in children. Curr Opin Pediatr 1995;7:529 –532. Hyams JS. Recurrent abdominal pain and irritable bowel syndrome in children. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 1997;25(suppl 1):S16 –S7. Distrutti E, Azpiroz F, Soldevilla A, Malagelada JR. Gastric wall tension determines perception of gastric distention. Gastroenterology 1999;116:1035–1042. Apley J. The child with recurrent abdominal pain. Pediatr Clin North Am 1967;14:63–72. Di Lorenzo C, Flores AF, Reddy SN, Hyman PE. Use of colonic
35. 36.
37.
38.
39.
manometry to differentiate causes of intractable constipation in children. J Pediatr 1992;120:690 – 695. Di Lorenzo C, Flores AF, Hyman PE. Age-related changes in colon motility. J Pediatr 1995;127:593–596. Choi MG, Camilleri M, O’Brien MD, Kammer PP, Hanson RB. A pilot study of motility and tone of the left colon in patients with diarrhea due to functional disorders and dysautonomia. Am J Gastroenterol 1997;92:297–302. Jouet P, Coffin B, Lemann M, Gorbatchef C, Franchisseur C, Jian R, Rambaud JC, Flourie B. Tonic and phasic motor activity in the proximal and distal colon of healthy humans. Am J Physiol 1998;274:G459 –G464. von der Ohe MR, Hanson RB, Camilleri M. Serotonergic mediation of postprandial colonic tonic and phasic responses in humans. Gut 1994;35:536 –541. Misiewicz JJ, Connell AM, Pontes FA. Comparison of the effect of meals and prostigmine on the proximal and distal colon in patients with and without diarrhoea. Gut 1966;7:468 – 473.
Received December 6, 1999. Accepted August 23, 2000. Address requests for reprints to: Rijk van Ginkel, M.D., Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Emma Children’s Hospital/Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands. e-mail: [email protected]; fax: (31) 206917033.
Stensen of Stensen’s Duct
Niels Stensen (1638 –1686), a.k.a. Nicolaus Steno, was born in Copenhagen, Denmark, where as a youngster he became proficient in a variety of languages, including German, French, Italian, English, Greek, Latin, and Hebrew. After 2 years at the university in Copenhagen, where his preceptor was Thomas Bartholin, Stensen transferred to Amsterdam. It was as a student there that, while dissecting a sheep’s head, he identified the main duct of the parotid gland that now bears his name. His discovery was disparaged by his superior Gerhard Blasius who insisted the function of the parotid gland was not secretory, but rather its purpose was to warm the ear. Stensen’s view prevailed when he went on to demonstrate further evidence of glandular secretion. By way of Paris, he traveled to Florence where he was appointed court physician to Ferdinand II, a patron of the sciences. There he converted to Catholicism, wrote theological treatises, and became a bishop. —Contributed by WILLIAM S. HAUBRICH, M.D. Scripps Clinic and Research Foundation, La Jolla, California Copyright holder unknown. Photo obtained from the National Library of Medicine Website (http://www.nlm.nih.gov).
VAN GINKEL ET AL.
25.
26.
27. 28. 29.
30. 31.
32.
33. 34.
GASTROENTEROLOGY Vol. 120, No. 1
tion of colonic motility in health and in irritable bowel syndrome. Gastroenterology 1992;102:1889 –1898. Abrahamsson H. Gastrointestinal motility in patients with the irritable bowel syndrome. Scand J Gastroenterol Suppl 1987; 130:21–26. Sullivan MA, Cohen S, Snape WJ Jr. Colonic myoelectrical activity in irritable-bowel syndrome. Effect of eating and anticholinergics. N Engl J Med 1978;298:878 – 883. Lindstrom MJ, Bates DM. Nonlinear mixed effects models for repeated measures data. Biometrics 1990;46:673– 687. Davidian M, Giltinan DM. Nonlinear mixed effects models for repeated measurement data. London: Chapman and Hall, 1995. Bell AM, Pemberton JH, Hanson RB, Zinsmeister AR. Variations in muscle tone of the human rectum: recordings with an electromechanical barostat. Am J Physiol 1991;260:G17–G25. Hyams JS. Recurrent abdominal pain in children. Curr Opin Pediatr 1995;7:529 –532. Hyams JS. Recurrent abdominal pain and irritable bowel syndrome in children. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 1997;25(suppl 1):S16 –S7. Distrutti E, Azpiroz F, Soldevilla A, Malagelada JR. Gastric wall tension determines perception of gastric distention. Gastroenterology 1999;116:1035–1042. Apley J. The child with recurrent abdominal pain. Pediatr Clin North Am 1967;14:63–72. Di Lorenzo C, Flores AF, Reddy SN, Hyman PE. Use of colonic
35. 36.
37.
38.
39.
manometry to differentiate causes of intractable constipation in children. J Pediatr 1992;120:690 – 695. Di Lorenzo C, Flores AF, Hyman PE. Age-related changes in colon motility. J Pediatr 1995;127:593–596. Choi MG, Camilleri M, O’Brien MD, Kammer PP, Hanson RB. A pilot study of motility and tone of the left colon in patients with diarrhea due to functional disorders and dysautonomia. Am J Gastroenterol 1997;92:297–302. Jouet P, Coffin B, Lemann M, Gorbatchef C, Franchisseur C, Jian R, Rambaud JC, Flourie B. Tonic and phasic motor activity in the proximal and distal colon of healthy humans. Am J Physiol 1998;274:G459 –G464. von der Ohe MR, Hanson RB, Camilleri M. Serotonergic mediation of postprandial colonic tonic and phasic responses in humans. Gut 1994;35:536 –541. Misiewicz JJ, Connell AM, Pontes FA. Comparison of the effect of meals and prostigmine on the proximal and distal colon in patients with and without diarrhoea. Gut 1966;7:468 – 473.
Received December 6, 1999. Accepted August 23, 2000. Address requests for reprints to: Rijk van Ginkel, M.D., Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Emma Children’s Hospital/Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands. e-mail: [email protected]; fax: (31) 206917033.
Stensen of Stensen’s Duct
Niels Stensen (1638 –1686), a.k.a. Nicolaus Steno, was born in Copenhagen, Denmark, where as a youngster he became proficient in a variety of languages, including German, French, Italian, English, Greek, Latin, and Hebrew. After 2 years at the university in Copenhagen, where his preceptor was Thomas Bartholin, Stensen transferred to Amsterdam. It was as a student there that, while dissecting a sheep’s head, he identified the main duct of the parotid gland that now bears his name. His discovery was disparaged by his superior Gerhard Blasius who insisted the function of the parotid gland was not secretory, but rather its purpose was to warm the ear. Stensen’s view prevailed when he went on to demonstrate further evidence of glandular secretion. By way of Paris, he traveled to Florence where he was appointed court physician to Ferdinand II, a patron of the sciences. There he converted to Catholicism, wrote theological treatises, and became a bishop. —Contributed by WILLIAM S. HAUBRICH, M.D. Scripps Clinic and Research Foundation, La Jolla, California Copyright holder unknown. Photo obtained from the National Library of Medicine Website (http://www.nlm.nih.gov).