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Subtleties of Pollination
KENAAN ET AL 968, 1966 2 Couch OA, Jr: Cardiac aneurysm with ventricular tachycardia and subsequent excision of aneurysm. Case report. Circulation 20 :251-253, 1959 3 Ritter ER: Intractable ventricular tachycardia due to ventricular aneurysm with surgical cure. Ann Intern Med 71 :1155-1157, 1969 4 Magidson 0 : Resection of postmyocardial infarction ventricular aneurysm for cardiac arrhythmias.. Dis Chest 56:211-218, 1969 5 Najd H, Hunter JA, Dye WS, et al: Emergency left ventricular aneurysmectomy for dying patient. Am J Cardiol (Abstract) 25: 119, 1970 6 Hunt D, Sloman G, Westlake G: Case report: Ventricular aneurysmectomy for recurrent tachycardia. Brit Heart J 31 :264-266, 1969 7 Schlesinger Z, Lieberman Z, Neufeld HN: Ventricular aneurysmectomy for severe rhythm disturbances. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 61 :602-604, 1971 8 Thind GS, Blakemore WS, Zinsser HF: Ventricular aneurysmectomy for the treatment of recurrent ventricular tachycardia. Am J Cardid 27:890694, 1971 9 DeBakey ME: Surgery of the coronary arteries. J Cardiovasc Surg 13:98-105, 1972 10 DeSanctis RW, Block P, Hutter AM: Tachyarrhythrnia in myocardial infarction. Symposium : Myocardial infarction 1972, Part 3. Circulation 45:681-702, 1972
11 Danielson KS, Resnikoff SA, DeWeese JA: An evaluation of myocardial infarctectomy. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 59:723-728, 1970 12 Glass BA, Carter RL, Albert HM, et al: Excision of myocardial infarcts, experimental and clinical studies. Arch Surg 97:940-946, 1968 13 Heimbecker RO, Chen C, Hamilton N, et al: Surgery for massive myocardial infarction, an experimental study of emergency infarctectomy. Surgery 61:51-58, 1967 14 Cohn LH, Gorlin R, Collins JJ: Aorto-coronary bypass for acute myocardial infarction. Presented at the 52nd annual meeting of the American Association for Thoracic Surgery. Los Angels, May 1, 1972 15 Favaloro RG, Effler DB, Cheanvechai C, et al: Acute coronary insufficiency (impending myocardial infarction) and moycardial infarction. Surgical treatment by saphenous vein graft technique. Am J Cardiol 28:598-603, 1971 16 Ecker RR, Mullins CB, Grammer JC, et al: Control of intractable ventricular tachycardia by coronary revascularization. Circulation 44 :666-670, 1971 17 Lambert CJ, Adam M, Geisler GF, et al: Emergency myocardial revascularization for impending infarction and arrhythmias. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 62:522-526, 1971 18 Mundth ED: Discussion on Lambert et al: Myocardial revascularization. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 62:527, 1971
Subtleties of Pollination Darwin showed that insects visited orchid flowers to obtain nectar from their long - spurs. - - and that in the process the club-shaped pollen masses characteristic of orchids become attached to the insect's ~roboscisbv means of special sticky disks, are pulled-out of thed sheaths, and, when dried by exposure to air, move down and apart so that when the insect visits another flower, they leave some of their pollen on the sticky receptive pads of the female stigma. Darwin was puzzled by the absence of nectar in orchid genera like Ophys. Only recently has it been shown that these species are pollinated by pseudocopulation, male insects visit them because they mistake them for female insects. In their attempts to mate with these false females, the males
become coated with pollen and transport it to effect the real fertilization of the other flowers. Another tropical genus, Coryanthes, has a lip transformed into a miniature bucket, which is flled by drops of fluid. Further up there are two ridges whose fleshy substance is much appreciated by bumble-bees. Some of the bumble-bees tumble into the bucket: climbing out by the only firm path available up its slippery surface, they get pollen masses stuck to their backs, and these will fertilize other flowers. Huxley, J and Kettlewell, H B D: Charles Darwin and His World, New York, Viking Press, 1965
CHEST, VOL. 64, NO. 5, NOVEMBER, 1973
11 Danielson KS, Resnikoff SA, DeWeese JA: An evaluation of myocardial infarctectomy. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 59:723-728, 1970 12 Glass BA, Carter RL, Albert HM, et al: Excision of myocardial infarcts, experimental and clinical studies. Arch Surg 97:940-946, 1968 13 Heimbecker RO, Chen C, Hamilton N, et al: Surgery for massive myocardial infarction, an experimental study of emergency infarctectomy. Surgery 61:51-58, 1967 14 Cohn LH, Gorlin R, Collins JJ: Aorto-coronary bypass for acute myocardial infarction. Presented at the 52nd annual meeting of the American Association for Thoracic Surgery. Los Angels, May 1, 1972 15 Favaloro RG, Effler DB, Cheanvechai C, et al: Acute coronary insufficiency (impending myocardial infarction) and moycardial infarction. Surgical treatment by saphenous vein graft technique. Am J Cardiol 28:598-603, 1971 16 Ecker RR, Mullins CB, Grammer JC, et al: Control of intractable ventricular tachycardia by coronary revascularization. Circulation 44 :666-670, 1971 17 Lambert CJ, Adam M, Geisler GF, et al: Emergency myocardial revascularization for impending infarction and arrhythmias. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 62:522-526, 1971 18 Mundth ED: Discussion on Lambert et al: Myocardial revascularization. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 62:527, 1971
Subtleties of Pollination Darwin showed that insects visited orchid flowers to obtain nectar from their long - spurs. - - and that in the process the club-shaped pollen masses characteristic of orchids become attached to the insect's ~roboscisbv means of special sticky disks, are pulled-out of thed sheaths, and, when dried by exposure to air, move down and apart so that when the insect visits another flower, they leave some of their pollen on the sticky receptive pads of the female stigma. Darwin was puzzled by the absence of nectar in orchid genera like Ophys. Only recently has it been shown that these species are pollinated by pseudocopulation, male insects visit them because they mistake them for female insects. In their attempts to mate with these false females, the males
become coated with pollen and transport it to effect the real fertilization of the other flowers. Another tropical genus, Coryanthes, has a lip transformed into a miniature bucket, which is flled by drops of fluid. Further up there are two ridges whose fleshy substance is much appreciated by bumble-bees. Some of the bumble-bees tumble into the bucket: climbing out by the only firm path available up its slippery surface, they get pollen masses stuck to their backs, and these will fertilize other flowers. Huxley, J and Kettlewell, H B D: Charles Darwin and His World, New York, Viking Press, 1965
CHEST, VOL. 64, NO. 5, NOVEMBER, 1973