- Email: [email protected]
Supplement 1999 (no. 43) to the Kauffmann-White scheme
Res. Microbiol. 151 (2000) 893–896 © 2000 Éditions scientifiques et médicales Elsevier SAS. All rights reserved S0923250800011578/SCO
Supplement 1999 (no. 43) to the Kauffmann-White scheme Michel Yvan Popoffa*, Jochen Bockemühlb, Frances W. Brennerc a
WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Salmonella, Unité de génétique des bactéries intracellulaires, Institut Pasteur, 75724 Paris cedex 15, France b Nationales Referenzzentrum für Salmonellen und andere bakterielle Enteritiserreger des RKI, Arbeitsgruppe Hamburg, Hygiene Institut, Hamburg, Germany c Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA Received 20 June 2000; accepted 5 July 2000
Abstract – This supplement reports the characterization of 26 new Salmonella serovars recognized in 1999 by the WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Salmonella: 15 were assigned to S. enterica subsp. enterica, seven to subspecies salamae, two to subspecies diarizonae, and one to subsp. houtenae; and one to S. bongori. In addition, the antigenic factor H:z89 is described. © 2000 Éditions scientifiques et médicales Elsevier SAS Salmonella / serovars / taxonomy / Kauffmann-White scheme
1. Introduction The genus Salmonella consists of only two species, S. enterica, which is divided into six subspecies: S. enterica subsp. enterica, S. enterica subsp. salamae, S. enterica subsp. arizonae, S. enterica subsp. diarizonae, S. enterica subsp. houtenae, and S. enterica subsp. indica; and S. bongori. This nomenclature reflects present Salmonella taxonomy [1, 4]. Serovars belonging to S. enterica subsp. enterica are designated by a name usually related to the geographical place where this serovar was first isolated. This name is written in Roman letters (not italicized) and the first letter is a capital letter. Serovars belonging to other subspecies are designated by their antigenic formulae, following the subspecies name. The simplified antigenic formulae of Salmonella serovars are listed in a document called the Kauffmann-White scheme [2]. Updating this
* Correspondence and reprints. E-mail address: [email protected] (M.Y. Popoff).
scheme is the responsibility of the WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Salmonella. This supplement no. 43 reports the characterization of 26 new Salmonella serovars recognized in 1999 by the WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Salmonella: 15 were assigned to S. enterica subsp. enterica (table I), seven to subsp. salamae (table II), two to subspecies diarizonae (table III), and one to subspecies houtenae (table IV); and one to S. bongori (table V). Variants of previously described serovars are given in tables I and III. The present number of serovars per species and subspecies is given in table VI.
2. Description of the H:z89 factor After passage on semi-solid agar containing both H:l,v and H:1,5,7 antisera, S. enterica subsp. diarizonae strain IP 8835/98 (table III) remained highly motile. This culture was not agglutinated by any of the antisera thus far described, suggesting that strain IP 8835/98 expressed a new factor as the third phase of the H antigen. Strain
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M.Y. Popoff et al. / Res. Microbiol. 151 (2000) 893–896
Table I. New serovars assigned to S. enterica subsp. enterica and variant of previously described serovars*. Reference strain
Serovar name
Antigenic formula
New serovars: 8992/99
Axim
16:z4,z23:z6
9024/99 9035/99 8923/99 8934/99 8953/99 8974/99 8956/99 9043/99 9033/99 8926/99 9041/99 8922/99 8899/99 8951/99
Bruebach Clontarf Djinten Fehrbellin Lokomo Mattenhof Melaka Morbihan Mundubbera Newjersey Tempe Troy Windsheim Woumbou
39:e,h:1,2 9,46:k:1,6 51:m,t:47:z4,z23:1,6 17:y:l,w 17:b:e,n,x 16:b:1,2,5 16:m,t:e,n,z15 54:z29:39:k:e,n,x 30:b:1,7 18:y:1,7 51:a:1,2 11:y:e,n,x,z15
New variant: 9030/99
Teko
6,14:d:e,n,z15 (variant O:1 and O:25, negative)
Source environment (Ivory Coast; received from Switzerland) human stools (France) human stools (Australia) spices (Netherlands) animal feed (Germany) environment (Ghana; received from Switzerland) human stools (Switzerland) environment (Singapore; received from Switzerland) dust (France) human wound (Australia) human stools (USA) orange juice (USA) human stools (USA) human stools (Germany; return from Turkey) environment (Ghana; received from Switzerland) Lizard (Australia)
* General characteristics: • ONPG, gelatinase, galacturonate, KCN, malonate, salicin, β-glucuronidase: negative; • dulcitol, mucate, L(+) tartrate (= d-tartrate), sorbitol, γ-glutamyltransferase: positive; • lysed by phage O1. Exceptions: • Strain 8922/99, gelatinase, galacturonate: positive; L(+) tartrate (= d-tartrate): negative; • Strains 8923/99, 8926/99 and 8974/99, β-glucuronidase: positive; • Strains 8953/99, L(+) tartrate (= d-tartrate): negative; not lysed by phage O1.
IP 8835/98 was grown on semi-solid agar containing H:l,v and H:1,5,7 antisera and, after formalin treatment [3], used to prepare a rabbit
antiserum. This crude antiserum was successively absorbed with antiseptically-treated culture [3] of S. enterica subsp. diarizonae ser.
Table II. New serovars assigned to S. enterica subsp. salamae*. Reference strain
Antigenic formula
8942/99 8965/99 9023/99 8936/99 8961/99 8937/99 8928/99
6,7:g,m,s,t:z39 13,22:g,t:z6 13,23:g,t:e,n,x 16:d:e,n,x 38:d:z39 42:z29:– 48:b:e,n,x,z15
Source environment (Zimbabwe; received from Switzerland) human stools (Switzerland) meat (Norway; imported from Botswana) paprika powder (Germany) human stools (Switzerland) chillies (Germany) human urine (USA)
* General characteristics: • ONPG, KCN, L(+) tartrate (= d-tartrate), β-glucuronidase, salicin: negative; • gelatinase, galacturonate, malonate, dulcitol, mucate, sorbitol, γ-glutamyltransferase: positive; • lysed by phage O1. Exceptions: • Strains 8942/99, 8937/99 and 8928/99, salicin: positive; • Strain 8965/99, ONPG: positive.
M.Y. Popoff et al. / Res. Microbiol. 151 (2000) 893–896
895
Table III. New serovars assigned to S. enterica subsp. diarizonae and variant of previously described serovars*. Reference strain
Antigenic formula
Source
New serovars: 8901/99 9031/99
13,23:z:1,5 40:r:z53
animal (Austria) snake (Australia)
48:l,v:1,5,7:z89 (triphasic variant of serovar 48:l,v:1,5,7)
snake (Austria)
New variant: 8835/98
* General characteristics: • KCN, dulcitol, L(+) tartrate (= d-tartrate), salicin: negative; • ONPG, gelatinase, galacturonate, malonate, γ-glutamyltransferase, β-glucuronidase, sorbitol: positive; • lysed by phage O1. Exceptions: • Strain 8901/99, salicin: positive; β-glucuronidase: negative. • Strains 9031/99 and 8835/98, β-glucuronidase: negative. Table IV. New serovar assigned to S. enterica subsp. houtenae*. Reference strain 8946/99
Antigenic formula 41:z36:–
Source human stools (Switzerland)
* General characteristics: • dulcitol, ONPG, malonate, L(+) tartrate (=d-tartrate), β-glucuronidase, mucate: negative; • gelatinase, sorbitol, KCN, galacturonate, γ-glutamyltransferase, salicin: positive; • not lysed by phage O1. Table V. New serovar assigned to S. bongori*. Reference strain 9032/99
Antigenic formula 6,14:e,n,z15:–
Source human stools (Australia)
* General characteristics: • malonate, gelatinase, L(+) tartrate (=d-tartrate), β-glucuronidase, salicin: negative; • dulcitol, ONPG, sorbitol, KCN, galacturonate, γ-glutamyltransferase, mucate: positive; • lysed by phage O1. Exception: • Strain 9032/99, KCN, galacturonate: negative. Table VI. Present number of serovars in each species and subspecies. S. enterica subsp. enterica subsp. salamae subsp. arizonae subsp. diarizonae subsp. houtenae subsp. indica
1 469 496 94 326 71 12
S. bongori Total
21 2 489
48:i:z35:z57 (O:48) and ser. 48:k:z35:z75 (H:z75). The absorbed antiserum agglutinated only the third phase of the H antigen of strain IP 8835/ 98. Therefore, it appeared that strain IP 8835/98 possessed a new factor as the third phase of the H antigen. This new H factor was designated H:z89.
3. Modification to the Kauffmann-White scheme In the Kauffmann-White scheme [2], the H:z factor of S. enterica subsp. salamae ser. 59:k:(z) is in brackets because this factor is weakly expressed after passage on semi-solid agar containing H:k antiserum. It appeared that the second H-phase of strain K1425, the reference strain of S. enterica subsp. salamae ser. 59:k:(z), was indeed the H:z65 factor. Consequently, the antigenic formula of S. enterica subsp. salamae strain K1425 is 59:k:z65 (formerly 59:k:(z)).
Acknowledgments We gratefully acknowledge Dr T. Kuczius (Hamburg) for his expert collaboration. We thank C. Fayolle, M. Guibourdenche (Paris) and S. Plavsic (Hamburg) for their technical assistance and M. Ondet (Paris) for her secretarial assistance.
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M.Y. Popoff et al. / Res. Microbiol. 151 (2000) 893–896
References [1] Le Minor L., Popoff M.Y., Designation of Salmonella enterica sp. nov. as the type and only species of the genus Salmonella, Int. J. Syst. Bact. 37 (1987) 465–468. [2] Popoff M.Y., Le Minor L., Antigenic formulas of the Salmonella serovars, 7th revision, WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Salmonella, Institut Pasteur, Paris, 1997.
[3] Popoff M.Y., Le Minor L., Guidelines for the preparation of Salmonella antisera, WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Salmonella, Institut Pasteur, Paris, 1997. [4] Reeves M.W., Evins G.M., Heiba A.A., Plikaytis B.D., Farmer III J.J., Clonal nature of Salmonella typhi and its genetic relatedness to other salmonellae as shown by multilocus enzyme electrophoresis, and proposal of Salmonella bongori comb. nov., J. Clin. Microbiol. 27 (1989) 313–320.
Supplement 1999 (no. 43) to the Kauffmann-White scheme Michel Yvan Popoffa*, Jochen Bockemühlb, Frances W. Brennerc a
WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Salmonella, Unité de génétique des bactéries intracellulaires, Institut Pasteur, 75724 Paris cedex 15, France b Nationales Referenzzentrum für Salmonellen und andere bakterielle Enteritiserreger des RKI, Arbeitsgruppe Hamburg, Hygiene Institut, Hamburg, Germany c Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA Received 20 June 2000; accepted 5 July 2000
Abstract – This supplement reports the characterization of 26 new Salmonella serovars recognized in 1999 by the WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Salmonella: 15 were assigned to S. enterica subsp. enterica, seven to subspecies salamae, two to subspecies diarizonae, and one to subsp. houtenae; and one to S. bongori. In addition, the antigenic factor H:z89 is described. © 2000 Éditions scientifiques et médicales Elsevier SAS Salmonella / serovars / taxonomy / Kauffmann-White scheme
1. Introduction The genus Salmonella consists of only two species, S. enterica, which is divided into six subspecies: S. enterica subsp. enterica, S. enterica subsp. salamae, S. enterica subsp. arizonae, S. enterica subsp. diarizonae, S. enterica subsp. houtenae, and S. enterica subsp. indica; and S. bongori. This nomenclature reflects present Salmonella taxonomy [1, 4]. Serovars belonging to S. enterica subsp. enterica are designated by a name usually related to the geographical place where this serovar was first isolated. This name is written in Roman letters (not italicized) and the first letter is a capital letter. Serovars belonging to other subspecies are designated by their antigenic formulae, following the subspecies name. The simplified antigenic formulae of Salmonella serovars are listed in a document called the Kauffmann-White scheme [2]. Updating this
* Correspondence and reprints. E-mail address: [email protected] (M.Y. Popoff).
scheme is the responsibility of the WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Salmonella. This supplement no. 43 reports the characterization of 26 new Salmonella serovars recognized in 1999 by the WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Salmonella: 15 were assigned to S. enterica subsp. enterica (table I), seven to subsp. salamae (table II), two to subspecies diarizonae (table III), and one to subspecies houtenae (table IV); and one to S. bongori (table V). Variants of previously described serovars are given in tables I and III. The present number of serovars per species and subspecies is given in table VI.
2. Description of the H:z89 factor After passage on semi-solid agar containing both H:l,v and H:1,5,7 antisera, S. enterica subsp. diarizonae strain IP 8835/98 (table III) remained highly motile. This culture was not agglutinated by any of the antisera thus far described, suggesting that strain IP 8835/98 expressed a new factor as the third phase of the H antigen. Strain
894
M.Y. Popoff et al. / Res. Microbiol. 151 (2000) 893–896
Table I. New serovars assigned to S. enterica subsp. enterica and variant of previously described serovars*. Reference strain
Serovar name
Antigenic formula
New serovars: 8992/99
Axim
16:z4,z23:z6
9024/99 9035/99 8923/99 8934/99 8953/99 8974/99 8956/99 9043/99 9033/99 8926/99 9041/99 8922/99 8899/99 8951/99
Bruebach Clontarf Djinten Fehrbellin Lokomo Mattenhof Melaka Morbihan Mundubbera Newjersey Tempe Troy Windsheim Woumbou
39:e,h:1,2 9,46:k:1,6 51:m,t:47:z4,z23:1,6 17:y:l,w 17:b:e,n,x 16:b:1,2,5 16:m,t:e,n,z15 54:z29:39:k:e,n,x 30:b:1,7 18:y:1,7 51:a:1,2 11:y:e,n,x,z15
New variant: 9030/99
Teko
6,14:d:e,n,z15 (variant O:1 and O:25, negative)
Source environment (Ivory Coast; received from Switzerland) human stools (France) human stools (Australia) spices (Netherlands) animal feed (Germany) environment (Ghana; received from Switzerland) human stools (Switzerland) environment (Singapore; received from Switzerland) dust (France) human wound (Australia) human stools (USA) orange juice (USA) human stools (USA) human stools (Germany; return from Turkey) environment (Ghana; received from Switzerland) Lizard (Australia)
* General characteristics: • ONPG, gelatinase, galacturonate, KCN, malonate, salicin, β-glucuronidase: negative; • dulcitol, mucate, L(+) tartrate (= d-tartrate), sorbitol, γ-glutamyltransferase: positive; • lysed by phage O1. Exceptions: • Strain 8922/99, gelatinase, galacturonate: positive; L(+) tartrate (= d-tartrate): negative; • Strains 8923/99, 8926/99 and 8974/99, β-glucuronidase: positive; • Strains 8953/99, L(+) tartrate (= d-tartrate): negative; not lysed by phage O1.
IP 8835/98 was grown on semi-solid agar containing H:l,v and H:1,5,7 antisera and, after formalin treatment [3], used to prepare a rabbit
antiserum. This crude antiserum was successively absorbed with antiseptically-treated culture [3] of S. enterica subsp. diarizonae ser.
Table II. New serovars assigned to S. enterica subsp. salamae*. Reference strain
Antigenic formula
8942/99 8965/99 9023/99 8936/99 8961/99 8937/99 8928/99
6,7:g,m,s,t:z39 13,22:g,t:z6 13,23:g,t:e,n,x 16:d:e,n,x 38:d:z39 42:z29:– 48:b:e,n,x,z15
Source environment (Zimbabwe; received from Switzerland) human stools (Switzerland) meat (Norway; imported from Botswana) paprika powder (Germany) human stools (Switzerland) chillies (Germany) human urine (USA)
* General characteristics: • ONPG, KCN, L(+) tartrate (= d-tartrate), β-glucuronidase, salicin: negative; • gelatinase, galacturonate, malonate, dulcitol, mucate, sorbitol, γ-glutamyltransferase: positive; • lysed by phage O1. Exceptions: • Strains 8942/99, 8937/99 and 8928/99, salicin: positive; • Strain 8965/99, ONPG: positive.
M.Y. Popoff et al. / Res. Microbiol. 151 (2000) 893–896
895
Table III. New serovars assigned to S. enterica subsp. diarizonae and variant of previously described serovars*. Reference strain
Antigenic formula
Source
New serovars: 8901/99 9031/99
13,23:z:1,5 40:r:z53
animal (Austria) snake (Australia)
48:l,v:1,5,7:z89 (triphasic variant of serovar 48:l,v:1,5,7)
snake (Austria)
New variant: 8835/98
* General characteristics: • KCN, dulcitol, L(+) tartrate (= d-tartrate), salicin: negative; • ONPG, gelatinase, galacturonate, malonate, γ-glutamyltransferase, β-glucuronidase, sorbitol: positive; • lysed by phage O1. Exceptions: • Strain 8901/99, salicin: positive; β-glucuronidase: negative. • Strains 9031/99 and 8835/98, β-glucuronidase: negative. Table IV. New serovar assigned to S. enterica subsp. houtenae*. Reference strain 8946/99
Antigenic formula 41:z36:–
Source human stools (Switzerland)
* General characteristics: • dulcitol, ONPG, malonate, L(+) tartrate (=d-tartrate), β-glucuronidase, mucate: negative; • gelatinase, sorbitol, KCN, galacturonate, γ-glutamyltransferase, salicin: positive; • not lysed by phage O1. Table V. New serovar assigned to S. bongori*. Reference strain 9032/99
Antigenic formula 6,14:e,n,z15:–
Source human stools (Australia)
* General characteristics: • malonate, gelatinase, L(+) tartrate (=d-tartrate), β-glucuronidase, salicin: negative; • dulcitol, ONPG, sorbitol, KCN, galacturonate, γ-glutamyltransferase, mucate: positive; • lysed by phage O1. Exception: • Strain 9032/99, KCN, galacturonate: negative. Table VI. Present number of serovars in each species and subspecies. S. enterica subsp. enterica subsp. salamae subsp. arizonae subsp. diarizonae subsp. houtenae subsp. indica
1 469 496 94 326 71 12
S. bongori Total
21 2 489
48:i:z35:z57 (O:48) and ser. 48:k:z35:z75 (H:z75). The absorbed antiserum agglutinated only the third phase of the H antigen of strain IP 8835/ 98. Therefore, it appeared that strain IP 8835/98 possessed a new factor as the third phase of the H antigen. This new H factor was designated H:z89.
3. Modification to the Kauffmann-White scheme In the Kauffmann-White scheme [2], the H:z factor of S. enterica subsp. salamae ser. 59:k:(z) is in brackets because this factor is weakly expressed after passage on semi-solid agar containing H:k antiserum. It appeared that the second H-phase of strain K1425, the reference strain of S. enterica subsp. salamae ser. 59:k:(z), was indeed the H:z65 factor. Consequently, the antigenic formula of S. enterica subsp. salamae strain K1425 is 59:k:z65 (formerly 59:k:(z)).
Acknowledgments We gratefully acknowledge Dr T. Kuczius (Hamburg) for his expert collaboration. We thank C. Fayolle, M. Guibourdenche (Paris) and S. Plavsic (Hamburg) for their technical assistance and M. Ondet (Paris) for her secretarial assistance.
896
M.Y. Popoff et al. / Res. Microbiol. 151 (2000) 893–896
References [1] Le Minor L., Popoff M.Y., Designation of Salmonella enterica sp. nov. as the type and only species of the genus Salmonella, Int. J. Syst. Bact. 37 (1987) 465–468. [2] Popoff M.Y., Le Minor L., Antigenic formulas of the Salmonella serovars, 7th revision, WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Salmonella, Institut Pasteur, Paris, 1997.
[3] Popoff M.Y., Le Minor L., Guidelines for the preparation of Salmonella antisera, WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Salmonella, Institut Pasteur, Paris, 1997. [4] Reeves M.W., Evins G.M., Heiba A.A., Plikaytis B.D., Farmer III J.J., Clonal nature of Salmonella typhi and its genetic relatedness to other salmonellae as shown by multilocus enzyme electrophoresis, and proposal of Salmonella bongori comb. nov., J. Clin. Microbiol. 27 (1989) 313–320.