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The Antimicrobial Resistance of Streptococcus pneumonia by E-test Method
13th International Congress on Infectious Diseases Abstracts, Poster Presentations immunological effects. In this study, we have produced the recombinant rabies glycoprotein (rGP) from recombinant baculovirus-infected insect cells and recombinant adenovirus expressing rabies glycoprotein (rAdV). We also investigated immunity induced by those protein and virus in experimental mice. Methods: For construction of rGP and rAdV, G gene from field isolate (SKRRD9901PJ) was altered to replace with the codons preferred in insect cell and mammalian cell for its high-level expression. In baculovirus expression system, baculovirus DNA including genes of chaperones such as heat shock proteins was used in order to prevent aggregation of rGP and elevate its solubility. The replication-defective adenovirus expressing rabies glycoprotein was created by homologous recombinant in HEK 293 cell using human adenovirus serotype 5 DNA deleted the early transcribed E1 and E3 genes. Five female ICR mice were immunized two times in a 30-day interval with 0.4 mg of insect cell lysate including rGP given intramuscularly. Groups of five female mice were immunized with ten-fold serially diluted rAdV (107 —104 TCID50 ) given intramuscularly and 108 —106 TCID50 titer given orally. Mice were periodically bled under anaesthesia by retro-orbital puncture. Virus-neutralizing antibodies (VNA) were determined with CVS-11 virus on BHK-21 cells as FAVNT method and commercial ELISA (Bio-Rad). Results and conclusion: While the VNA titers by single inoculation of rGP were low and did not continue long in existence, titers by booster injection exceeded the 0.5 IU by 180 days. However, these immunities were inferior to those by commercial inactivated vaccines. All mice immunized intramuscularly with low titer of rAdV developed high VNA within 7—14 days after one inoculation. In experiment of oral immunization of rAdV, although titer of VNA varied in individual mice, geometric mean titers showed dose dependent. VNA titers of above 2.5 IU could be elicited after oral immunization by rAdV with titer of 106 TCID50 and those antibodies were lasted by 180 days without decline of titers. As a conclusion, rAdV induced high titers of rabies VNA compared to rGP and was suitable as material to induce protective immunity against rabies. doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2008.05.690
Antibiotics - Gram Positive (Poster Presentation) 44.001 The Antimicrobial Resistance of Streptococcus pneumonia by E-test Method H. Abousaidi Rafsanjan Medical University, Rafsanjan, Iran (Islamic Republic of) Pneumococcus is among most common gram-positive bacteria causing infection in human. Unfortunately resistance of Pneumococcus is increasing daily like other bacteria. Considering that no useful research regarding rate of resistance of Pneumococcus against ceftriaxone has been done by E-test method (at least in Isfahan province), the above study can be a base for future studies about determination of increase or decrease in Pneumococcus resistance rate.
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Method: This cross-sectional prospective study was performed in 1385 on 98 Streptococcus pneumonia samples separated from clinical samples of patients presenting to Al-Zahra Hospital, and then MIC (Minimal Inhibitory Consentration) of antibiotics ceftriaxone and penicillin on the organisms was determined using E-Test method. Quality control was done using Pneumococcus ATCC 49619. After editing and entering in to computer, data were analyzed using SPSS13 and WHONET-5. Results: This study was performed on 98 patients with age range between 5 to 10 years. Among patients, 47% are female and 53% are male. The studied samples are 55% from throat, 20% from CSF, 16.5% from blood, 3% from pleural fluid, 3% from ear (patients with otitis), 1% (1 person) from abscess and 1% (1 person) from wound. Separated Pneumococci showed about 30% sensitivity to penicillin whereas MIC of ceftriaxone for cases other than meningitis is about 90% sensitivity and this MIC for meningitis considering lesser penetration of the drug in CNS, is 81.5% sensitivity. Conclusion: Penicillin is not an effective drug for coverage of Pneumococcus even in children, but considering effectiveness of ceftriaxone, this drug alone is sufficient in cases suspicious of Pneumococcus at early presentation and vancomycin is not needed before culture result and antibiogram. doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2008.05.691 44.002 Epidemiology of Pneumococcal Infection and Antimicrobial Resistance of S. pneumoniae Iso-Lates Gained from Adults with and Without Low Immune Status (Far East of Russia, 2003—2006) A. Martynova Epidemiology Department, State Vladivostok Medical University, Vladivostok, Russia Despite of the gained success in diagnostics and treatment, pneumococcal infection is still remaining the leading cause if pneumonias, meningitis etc in different groups of population, including groups with different risk factors such as age, immunodeficiency, chronical somatic diseases. On data of the previous research projects of pneumococcal infections in our city, the incidence of pneumococcal pneumonias in adults over 18 years is 36 per 100 000 of population. The aim of our research was to study epidemiology of the pneumococcal pneumonias in patients with low immune status and without any clinical immune disturbances. Methods: we studied 140 isolates of S.pneumoniae gained from patients with pneumococcal pneumonias at the age of 18—40 years, without any others somatic or immune complications (group 1), and 65 isolates gained from patients of 18—72 years with hematology diseases (myeloma, leucosis, etc); antimicrobial resistance was studied on NCCLS standards with disk-diffusion and microdiltion methods; there were performed serotyping and PFGE. Results: there were revealed only (0/6, 15%) of strains resistant to penicillin (group 1 vs.group 2); 34,2%/56, 9% strains resistant to tetracycline, 15, 7%/24, 6% strains resistant to erythromycin, 15%/18,4% resistant to levofloxacin, 55, 7%/40, 3% resistant to co-trimoxazole and 11,4%/12, 3%
Antibiotics - Gram Positive (Poster Presentation) 44.001 The Antimicrobial Resistance of Streptococcus pneumonia by E-test Method H. Abousaidi Rafsanjan Medical University, Rafsanjan, Iran (Islamic Republic of) Pneumococcus is among most common gram-positive bacteria causing infection in human. Unfortunately resistance of Pneumococcus is increasing daily like other bacteria. Considering that no useful research regarding rate of resistance of Pneumococcus against ceftriaxone has been done by E-test method (at least in Isfahan province), the above study can be a base for future studies about determination of increase or decrease in Pneumococcus resistance rate.
e255
Method: This cross-sectional prospective study was performed in 1385 on 98 Streptococcus pneumonia samples separated from clinical samples of patients presenting to Al-Zahra Hospital, and then MIC (Minimal Inhibitory Consentration) of antibiotics ceftriaxone and penicillin on the organisms was determined using E-Test method. Quality control was done using Pneumococcus ATCC 49619. After editing and entering in to computer, data were analyzed using SPSS13 and WHONET-5. Results: This study was performed on 98 patients with age range between 5 to 10 years. Among patients, 47% are female and 53% are male. The studied samples are 55% from throat, 20% from CSF, 16.5% from blood, 3% from pleural fluid, 3% from ear (patients with otitis), 1% (1 person) from abscess and 1% (1 person) from wound. Separated Pneumococci showed about 30% sensitivity to penicillin whereas MIC of ceftriaxone for cases other than meningitis is about 90% sensitivity and this MIC for meningitis considering lesser penetration of the drug in CNS, is 81.5% sensitivity. Conclusion: Penicillin is not an effective drug for coverage of Pneumococcus even in children, but considering effectiveness of ceftriaxone, this drug alone is sufficient in cases suspicious of Pneumococcus at early presentation and vancomycin is not needed before culture result and antibiogram. doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2008.05.691 44.002 Epidemiology of Pneumococcal Infection and Antimicrobial Resistance of S. pneumoniae Iso-Lates Gained from Adults with and Without Low Immune Status (Far East of Russia, 2003—2006) A. Martynova Epidemiology Department, State Vladivostok Medical University, Vladivostok, Russia Despite of the gained success in diagnostics and treatment, pneumococcal infection is still remaining the leading cause if pneumonias, meningitis etc in different groups of population, including groups with different risk factors such as age, immunodeficiency, chronical somatic diseases. On data of the previous research projects of pneumococcal infections in our city, the incidence of pneumococcal pneumonias in adults over 18 years is 36 per 100 000 of population. The aim of our research was to study epidemiology of the pneumococcal pneumonias in patients with low immune status and without any clinical immune disturbances. Methods: we studied 140 isolates of S.pneumoniae gained from patients with pneumococcal pneumonias at the age of 18—40 years, without any others somatic or immune complications (group 1), and 65 isolates gained from patients of 18—72 years with hematology diseases (myeloma, leucosis, etc); antimicrobial resistance was studied on NCCLS standards with disk-diffusion and microdiltion methods; there were performed serotyping and PFGE. Results: there were revealed only (0/6, 15%) of strains resistant to penicillin (group 1 vs.group 2); 34,2%/56, 9% strains resistant to tetracycline, 15, 7%/24, 6% strains resistant to erythromycin, 15%/18,4% resistant to levofloxacin, 55, 7%/40, 3% resistant to co-trimoxazole and 11,4%/12, 3%