THE METROPOLIS WATER ACT.

THE METROPOLIS WATER ACT.

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MILK.

WE have often urged that a sharp look-out should be kept upon the milk sent to these shores from other countries. It would appear that hitherto the attention of the Government laboratory has not been directed to this question to the extent to which in the interests of the public it should be. During the year 1902, for example, only 11 samples were obtained and examined, and two of these were sterilised milk which proved to be deficient in fat. We are glad to learn, according to the reply of Mr. Ritchie to a question upon the subject asked by Sir Edward Strachey in the House of Commons last week, that arrangements have been made, with the concurrence of the principal of the Government laboratory, whereby a considerable number of samples of this class of article are to be obtained in future. That such a step is necessary i3 obvious from the fact that the total imports of fresh milk during 1902 amounted to 13,559 hundredweights, and of preserved milk, including sterilised milk, to 3058 hundredweights. Vre think that it is very important that these examinations should include a bacteriological analysis. THE

in 1874 and is

formerly practised at Scarborough and has been once an interesting contributor to our columns.

INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS DERMATOLOGY.

THE London School of Tropical Medicine announces that the Craggs Research Prize of Z50 will be awarded in October to a past or present student of the school who during the current year has made the most valuable contribution to tropical medicine. Full information may be obtained from the medical tutor at the school, Royal Albert Docks, London. A C4SE is coming on for hearing shortly in the King’s Bench Division in which a householder who has had smallpox in his house is bringing an action for damages against the sanitary authority of the district concerned. The questions at issue are of some importance to sanitary authorities generally. -

OUR readers may be interested to know that Richard Gordon Gatliog, the inventor of the celebrated Gatling gun, whose death was recently announced, was a medical man. Mr. Gatling, who at the time of his death had reached the ripe age of 84 years, graduated 62 years ago at the Ohio Medical College.

ON

Professor Sir Michael Foster, K.C.B., has announced his

i of resigning the chair of Physiology in the Unifollowing three themes have been arranged for by the intention .., of Cambridge at Michaelmas. organising committee of the Fifth International Congressversity on Dermatology. which is to take place in Berlin in 1904 from Sept. 13th to 17th-viz., (1) The Syphilitic Diseases of the Circulatory System ; (2) Skin Diseases with Metabolic THE METROPOLIS WATER ACT. Anomalies ; and (3) Epithelioma and its Treatment. All these subjects are of importance. The vascular changes THE Local Government Board, under the provisions of the in syphilis are numerous, but we should have thought they 1Metropolis Water Act, 1902, has issued the following regulawould prove of more interest to those who devote their t tions as to the first meeting and proceedings of the Metroattention to general medicine than to those who are conWater Board:1 politan cerned with syphilography and dermatology. Still, the To the persons appointed as members of the Metropolitan subject is very wide and deserves discussion, for the vascularWater Board ; to the London County Council ; to the County manifestations of syphilis are frequently disregarded or, if Councils of Essex, Hertfordshire, Kent, Middlesex, and noticed, their syphilitic origin is not recognised. The to the Mayor and Commonalty and Citizens of the second subject, skin diseases with ametabolic nomalies, is Surrey ; of London and to the Mayor, Aldermen, and Commons City one of great interest. The anomalies of metabolism which of the said City in Common Council assembled ; to the may occur during the course of skin diseases are in many councils of the several Metropolitan Boroughs ; to the Mayor, cases great, for the skin disease may be only the outward Aldermen, and Burgesses of the Borough of West Ham ; to i urban district councils of East Ham, Leyton, Tottenexpression of a serious nutritional change, but even in diseases the which primarily affect the skin the general metabolic changesham, Walthamstow, and Willesden ; to the Conservators of deserve more attention than they often receive. The course the River Thames ; to the Lee Conservancy Board ; to the that the discussion takes will depend greatly on theseveral councils grouped as constituent authorities under the Water Act, 1902, for the appointment of members opening speeches. The third subject for debate is the treat- Metropolis of the Metropolitan Water Board ; to Almeric William ment of epithelioma and the name is undoubtedly FitzRoy, Esq., Commander of the Royal Victorian Order, intended to include rodent ulcer. The main novelty in the Clerk in Ordinary of His Majesty’s Most Honourable Privy subject will probably be the utility of the Finsen light and Council ; and to all others whom it may concern. [After referring to various provisions of the Act the Order the x rays in the treatment of malignant affections of the continues :-] skin and it is not unlikely that somewhat contradictory Now, therefore, we, the Local Government Board, in puropinions will be expressed. That both these methods are of suance of the hereinbefore recited powers and of all other some value few will be found to deny, but the limits of their powers given to us in that behalf do hereby order as usefulness are more difficult to gauge. Altogether the sub- follows :I -The first meeting of the Water Board shall jects are such as appeal not only to the dermatological beArticle held at the Council Chamber of the Privy Council on but or to all who practise medicine specialist surgery. Thursday, April 2nd, 1903, at 3 o’clock in the afternoon. Article IL-At the first meeting of the Water Board, His Royal Highness the Duke of Cambridge, K.G., Almeric William FitzRoy, Commander of the Royal Victorian President of the Sanitary Institute, will pieside at the annual Order, Clerk in Ordinary of His Majesty’s Most Honourable dinner of the institute to be held on Friday, May 15th, at the Privy Council, or, in the absence of the said Almeric William FitzRoy, a person appointed for the purpose by us, shall take Hotel Cecil. the chair and shall preside until a temporary chairman is DR. C. F. HuTCHiNSON has been elected Member of appointed in pursuance of this Order, but shall not, while in pursuance of this article, be entitled to vote. Parliament for the Rye Division of Sussex by a majority of presiding Article III.-1. The first business at the first meeting of 534 votes. Dr. Hutchinson, who has retired from medical the Water Board shall be the appointment of a person to act practice, graduated as M.D. of the University of Edinburgh as tcmporary chairman. 2. The temporary chairman shall THE

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828 take the chair as soon as he is appointed and shall thereafteI preside at the first meeting of the Water Board and at any meeting held by adjournment from the first meeting. But if at the first meeting or at any meeting held by adjournment from the first meeting the chairman or vice-chairman is appointed and is present the temporary chairman shall immediately after the appointment vacate the chair, which shall thereupon be taken by the chairman or vice-chairman. 3. At their first meeting, or at any meeting held by adjuurnment from the first meeting, the Water Board shall take into consideration and may, if they think fit, determine the fol-

OF THE THE STATISTICAL REPORT HEALTH OF THE NAVY FOR 1901.

FROM the summary given in the report of the statistical sick returns for the total force serving afloat (amounting to 98,410) we learn that in this respect the year 1901 may be regarded as very satisfactory. Notwithstanding that there was an increase of personnel of 2580 as compared with the whether previous year there was a reduction under all three headings that is to the question say : (a) lowing matters ; of cases, of invalidings, and deaths. It has to be remembered, be to the offices assigned any and, if so, what salaries shall chairman and vice-chairman ; and (b) the appointment of however, that the conditions in 1900 were somewhat and that 74 of the deaths in that year were from persons to the offices of chairman and vice-chairman. 4. exceptional At their first meeting, or at any meeting held by adjourn- wounds in action, while in 1901 there were no such cases ment from their first meeting, the Water Board may, if they returned. The aggregate number of cases of disease and injury think fit, appoint a person to act temporarily as clerk of the Water Board until the clerk of the Water Board is appointed. recorded in the year 1901 furrishes a ratio of 853’83 per 5. At their first meeting the Water Board shall determine 1000, which shows a decrease of 28’46 per 1000 as compared whether the next meeting shall or shall not be held by with the ratio for 1900, and of 36’87 when contrasted with adjournment from the first meeting, and in either case they the average of the last four years. These figures compare with the returns for 1899, in which year the shall fix the time and place for the next meeting and may make any necessary regulations for the notification and con- case ratio was the lowest recorded since 1856, when vening of that meeting and for the proceedings and business these reports were first published in their present form. to be transacted at the meeting. 6. Subject as aforesaid, The ratio of cases per 1000 of force shows a reduction on the Water Board may at their first meeting transact such the East Indies, China, and Australia Stations, and in the business as they may think necessary. irregular force, the China Station showing the substantial Article IV.-1. As between two persons who receive an reduction of 363’1per 1000. The invaliding ratio of the equal number of votes upon any appointment to be made in total force-viz., 31’58 per 1000-shows a decrease of pursuance of this Order to the post of temporary chairman 4’25 as compared with 1900, but an increase of 0’51 in compriority shall be determined by lot. 2. As between two parison with the average for the last four years. The highest As persons who receive an equal number of votes, in the case of invaliding rate was on the Mediterranean Station the first appointment either to the office of chairman of the regards the death-rate the ratio per 1000 was 5’34, showing Water Board or to the office of vice-chairman of the Water a decrease of 1-93 per 1000 compared with 1900 and of 0-36 Board, if that appointment be made at the first meeting of when contrasted with the last four years’ ratio. The highest the Water Board, or at any meeting held by adjournment death-rate appears on the Cape of Good Hope and West from the first meeting, the presiding chairman shall have a Coast of Africa Station-viv., 7.9 per 1000. Next in order come the China Station (6’32), home (5’6), and Australia casting vote. Article 1-.-In the case of the first meeting of the Water (5’46). The lowest mortality was in the irregular forceBoard the said Almeric William FitzRoy shall appoint such viz., 2-66. The prevalence of, and mortality from, enteric fever and person as he may think fit to record the proceedings of the Water Board at that meeting. dysentery have, the report tells us, greatly declined since 1900. Four cases of plague with one death and 12 cases of The following is the list of the members of the Metro- yellow fever with two deaths are returned in 1901, but none of cholera in that year. Among the general diseases we politan Water Board:-Ernest Avern, Fulham borough council; notice there were 208 entries for enteric fever that in 1901 Charles Edmund Baker, Beckenham, Bromley, Chislehurst, invalidings and 35 deaths, as compared with 464 Penge, Bexley, Dartford, Erith, and Footscray urban district with 38 98 cases, invalidings, and 124 deaths in the previous year. Hertfordshire Edward councils ; county There were Broughton Barnard, cases of Mediterranean fever; and in council; R. Melville Beachcroft, London County Council; connexion with287 this disease it may be well to call attention Ion Hamilton Benn, Greenwich borough council ; Henry William Bradford, Westminster city council ; John Henry here to two very excellent and exhaustive reports of research Brass, Chelsea borough council ; John Burns, M.P., London work on that form of fever which are published in the and are well worth reading. County Council ; William Burrell, Lewisham borough appendix The of the health of the navy being almost entirely report Charles Burt, Surrey county council ; Henry Burt, council; statistical does not readily lend itself to the purpose of Hornsey and Wood Green urban district councils ; Henry review may say that in the text of the Joseph Butter, Woolwich borough council; Thomas remarksand comment, butthewestatistical tables and describing accompanying Ohamberlen, Hammersmith borough council ; Henry Clarke, London County Council; Lieutenant-Colonel Charles Frederick the health and prevalent diseases of the various naval stations Colvile, Kensington borough council : E. A. Cornwall, the reader will find a good deal of useful and interesting London County CouncilGeorge John Courthope, Kent information. To refer to some of these we may point to the county council ; Richard Benyon Croft, Lee Conservancy ; brief remarks on the cases of cerebro-spinal fever on board James Arthur Dawes, Southwark borough council ; W. H. the training ship for boys at p. 30, to the paragraphs Dickinson, London County Council ; Charles Fitzroy Doll, relating to enteric and Mediterranean fevers at pp. 32 and Holborn borough council : George Samuel Elliott, Islington 33, and on malarial fever and yellow fever at pp. 35, 38, 41, and to the section on the China station at p. 47 borough council ; John Glass, Stoke Newington borough and council ; John Harry Sanders, Edmonton, Enfield, and South- et seq. We have already called attention to the articles on gate urban district councils ; Lord Sandhurst, London County research work in regard to Mediterranean fever in the Council ; Henry Taylor Sawell, Shoreditch borough council ; appendix to the report and to these we may add the paper Sir Charles Scotter, Kingston town council and East and containing some very interesting notes on a case -of West Molesey, Esher and the Dittons, Ham, Surbiton, actinomycosis in the same section of the volume. Barnes, the Maldens and Coombe, and Wimbledon urban district councils ; William Richard Smith, Deptford borough council ; Leslie William Spratt, West Ham town council ; THE ROYAL COLLEGE OF SURGEONS OF Joseph Thornley, St. Pancras borough council ; Augustus ENGLAND. Hall Tozer, Buckhurst Hill, Chingford, Loughton, Waltham, Holy Cross, Wanstead, and Woodford urban district councils ; AN ordinary meeting of the Council was held on March 12th, Henry Ward, London County Council ; William Watts, Battersea borough council ; Lord Welby, London County the President, Sir HENRY G. HowsE, being in the chair. Council ; Edward White, London County Council ; Peter A report from the Laboratories Committee was received. Alexander White, Poplar borough council ; J. W. Whiter, It stated that during the last three months 8175 doses of Hackney borough council ; Charles Thomas Wilkinson, diphtheria antitoxin, each containing 3000 units, had been Walthamstow urban district council ;and T. Wood, London County Council. supplied to the hospitals of the Metropolitan Asylums Board,

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McKinnon