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The pros and cons of NATM
190A
U N D E R G R O U N D EXCAVATIONS:TUNNELS
954316 Can the newcomer stand up? A. M. Wood, Tunnels & Tunnelling, 26(9), 1994, pp 30-32.
paper, the development of computer software to assist in the design of tunnels and shafts in soft ground. (P.M.Taylor)
This article discusses the New Austrian Tunnelling Method, with particular reference to its application in London clay. The problem of face stability, and the need to control settlement associated with NATM tunnelling in London Clay are stressed. Reference is made to 1992 NATM trials in London Clay at Heathrow airport and their shortcomings, including extrapolation of results for other geometries and London clays, such as the proposed NATM Jubilee Line underground extension. Good design processes for tunnel projects are discussed. (J.M.McLaughlin)
954322 Remote control jacking ANON, International Construction, 33(9), 1994, p 42.
954317 Jubilee stops as probe begins M. Winney, New Civil Engineer (NCE), 1104, 1994, pp 6-7. Tunnelling, using the New Austrian Tunnelling Method, has been stopped on the Jubilee line extension following collapse of the Heathrow Express tunnel. If NATM is to be abandoned, the original design of conventional tunnels in bolted concrete and iron sections could be adopted. Designs and all NATM work carried out so far have been rechecked. The NATM approach used is described. Everything appears to be satisfactory so far. (J.M.MeLaughlin) 954318 The pros and cons of NATM D. Parker, New Civil Engineer (NCE), 1104, 1994, pp 6-7.
A water supply pipeline is being installed under the Hague in the Netherlands using a remote controlled earth shield and hydraulic pipe jacking. This article described the tunnelling system including soil excavation and systems control. (J.M.McLaughlin) 954323 Risk analysis for the Alder tunnel H. Einstein, F. Chiaverio & U. Koppel, Tunnels & Tunnelling, 26(11), 1994, pp 28-30. The tendering procedure adopted for the design and construction of the 5.2 km long, twin-track Alder Tunnel in Switzerland is described. The process of risk analysis incorporated into the tendering is discussed. Long-term risk and short-term (construction) risk is assessed. Results of this evaluation are discussed. (P.M.Taylor)
954324 Swiss ratify new trans-aipine rail and tunnel finks J. Braun, Tunnels & Tunnelling, 26(11), 1994, pp 20-22.
Following the collapse of the Heathrow Express tunnel, this article discusses the advantages and disadvantages of the New Austrian Tunnelling Method (NATM) and whether it is appropriate for application in soft London clay. Wet versus dry shotcrete application techniques are considered. (J.M.McLaughlin)
Exploratory drilling work being carried out in Switzerland for two major tunnelling projects is described. The projects are part of an extensive 11.25 billion dollar high-speed rail link to carry combined road and container freight through the country (Neue Alpen-Transversale). Design and planned construction is discussed. Work is being carried out by the two major Swiss Railway companies, Swiss Federal Railways and Berne-Lotschberg-Simplon Railway, and is scheduled for completion in 2007. (P.M.Taylor)
954319 Medway tunnel progressing on schedule ANON, Dock & Harbour Authority, 75(853), 1994, pp 115116.
954325 Sachseln tunnel drive C. Scheifele, B. Gugger, A. Wildberger & R. Weber, Tunnels & Tunnelling, 26(11), 1994, pp 33-36.
Work on the Medway tunnel - part of the Medway Towns Northern Relief Road scheme in Kent, is described. The 70 million pounds Sterling project was awarded to Tarmac Construction and HBM Civil Engineering, in a joint partnership. The 42-month design and construct contract comprises 725 m of dual, two-lane carriageway in a twin-bore immersed tube tunnel and cut-and-cover approach tunnels. Tunnel construction is discussed. The work is scheduled for completion in July 1995. (P.M.Taylor)
Construction work for the single tube Sachseln Tunnel in Switzerland is described. The complex geological conditions encountered during excavation are discussed and the solutions adopted are explained. Tunnelling performance and experience are discussed together with segment manufacture and internal support work. Construction work involved a full-face shielded TBM and continuously installed segmental lining. (P.M.Taylor)
954320 The Channel Tunnel M. Winney, New Civil Engineer (NCE), 1103 Supp, 1994, pp xiv-xv. A brief overview of the Channel Tunnel project which won the 1994 British construction industry special award for an outstanding feat of civil engineering. (J.M.MeLaughlin) 954321 Computer design development paper wins 1994 Harding Prize E. Snowdon, Tunnels & Tunnelling, 26(11), 1994, pp 56-58. Papers presented for the British Tunnelling Society's Harding Prize are reported. The following topics were covered: investigation and monitoring of the AI2 Hackney to M l l Link Road, Wanstead Station ground movement; engineer's supervision of a high-speed TBM - driven tunnel in Lesotho, South Africa; sticky days at Southport, the 5.2 km long Coastal Waters Interceptor Tunnel; and the prize-winning
954326 River crossings in the Basque country P. Darling, Tunnels & Tunnelling, 26(9), 1994, pp 37-40. Describes construction of two river tunnels linking rail networks in the city of Bilbao, Spain. The first river crossing was constructed as an immersed tube. The second crossing was tunnelled with the aid of jet grouting. Construction and installation of the two 85.5 m long, 11.6 m wide and 7.4 m high immersed tubes is described. The second river crossing was excavated in four operations: jet grouting, crown excavation and support, bench excavation and support, and final lining. (J.M.McLaughlin) 954327 Israel: land of tunnelling opportunity P. Darling, Tunnels & Tunnelling, 26(9), 1994, pp 17-19,2123,24. Upgrading of the road between Jerusalem and Be'er Sheva' in the south of Israel has involved building a bridge and two twin tunnels to circumvent a nature reserve and ancient Arab
U N D E R G R O U N D EXCAVATIONS:TUNNELS
954316 Can the newcomer stand up? A. M. Wood, Tunnels & Tunnelling, 26(9), 1994, pp 30-32.
paper, the development of computer software to assist in the design of tunnels and shafts in soft ground. (P.M.Taylor)
This article discusses the New Austrian Tunnelling Method, with particular reference to its application in London clay. The problem of face stability, and the need to control settlement associated with NATM tunnelling in London Clay are stressed. Reference is made to 1992 NATM trials in London Clay at Heathrow airport and their shortcomings, including extrapolation of results for other geometries and London clays, such as the proposed NATM Jubilee Line underground extension. Good design processes for tunnel projects are discussed. (J.M.McLaughlin)
954322 Remote control jacking ANON, International Construction, 33(9), 1994, p 42.
954317 Jubilee stops as probe begins M. Winney, New Civil Engineer (NCE), 1104, 1994, pp 6-7. Tunnelling, using the New Austrian Tunnelling Method, has been stopped on the Jubilee line extension following collapse of the Heathrow Express tunnel. If NATM is to be abandoned, the original design of conventional tunnels in bolted concrete and iron sections could be adopted. Designs and all NATM work carried out so far have been rechecked. The NATM approach used is described. Everything appears to be satisfactory so far. (J.M.MeLaughlin) 954318 The pros and cons of NATM D. Parker, New Civil Engineer (NCE), 1104, 1994, pp 6-7.
A water supply pipeline is being installed under the Hague in the Netherlands using a remote controlled earth shield and hydraulic pipe jacking. This article described the tunnelling system including soil excavation and systems control. (J.M.McLaughlin) 954323 Risk analysis for the Alder tunnel H. Einstein, F. Chiaverio & U. Koppel, Tunnels & Tunnelling, 26(11), 1994, pp 28-30. The tendering procedure adopted for the design and construction of the 5.2 km long, twin-track Alder Tunnel in Switzerland is described. The process of risk analysis incorporated into the tendering is discussed. Long-term risk and short-term (construction) risk is assessed. Results of this evaluation are discussed. (P.M.Taylor)
954324 Swiss ratify new trans-aipine rail and tunnel finks J. Braun, Tunnels & Tunnelling, 26(11), 1994, pp 20-22.
Following the collapse of the Heathrow Express tunnel, this article discusses the advantages and disadvantages of the New Austrian Tunnelling Method (NATM) and whether it is appropriate for application in soft London clay. Wet versus dry shotcrete application techniques are considered. (J.M.McLaughlin)
Exploratory drilling work being carried out in Switzerland for two major tunnelling projects is described. The projects are part of an extensive 11.25 billion dollar high-speed rail link to carry combined road and container freight through the country (Neue Alpen-Transversale). Design and planned construction is discussed. Work is being carried out by the two major Swiss Railway companies, Swiss Federal Railways and Berne-Lotschberg-Simplon Railway, and is scheduled for completion in 2007. (P.M.Taylor)
954319 Medway tunnel progressing on schedule ANON, Dock & Harbour Authority, 75(853), 1994, pp 115116.
954325 Sachseln tunnel drive C. Scheifele, B. Gugger, A. Wildberger & R. Weber, Tunnels & Tunnelling, 26(11), 1994, pp 33-36.
Work on the Medway tunnel - part of the Medway Towns Northern Relief Road scheme in Kent, is described. The 70 million pounds Sterling project was awarded to Tarmac Construction and HBM Civil Engineering, in a joint partnership. The 42-month design and construct contract comprises 725 m of dual, two-lane carriageway in a twin-bore immersed tube tunnel and cut-and-cover approach tunnels. Tunnel construction is discussed. The work is scheduled for completion in July 1995. (P.M.Taylor)
Construction work for the single tube Sachseln Tunnel in Switzerland is described. The complex geological conditions encountered during excavation are discussed and the solutions adopted are explained. Tunnelling performance and experience are discussed together with segment manufacture and internal support work. Construction work involved a full-face shielded TBM and continuously installed segmental lining. (P.M.Taylor)
954320 The Channel Tunnel M. Winney, New Civil Engineer (NCE), 1103 Supp, 1994, pp xiv-xv. A brief overview of the Channel Tunnel project which won the 1994 British construction industry special award for an outstanding feat of civil engineering. (J.M.MeLaughlin) 954321 Computer design development paper wins 1994 Harding Prize E. Snowdon, Tunnels & Tunnelling, 26(11), 1994, pp 56-58. Papers presented for the British Tunnelling Society's Harding Prize are reported. The following topics were covered: investigation and monitoring of the AI2 Hackney to M l l Link Road, Wanstead Station ground movement; engineer's supervision of a high-speed TBM - driven tunnel in Lesotho, South Africa; sticky days at Southport, the 5.2 km long Coastal Waters Interceptor Tunnel; and the prize-winning
954326 River crossings in the Basque country P. Darling, Tunnels & Tunnelling, 26(9), 1994, pp 37-40. Describes construction of two river tunnels linking rail networks in the city of Bilbao, Spain. The first river crossing was constructed as an immersed tube. The second crossing was tunnelled with the aid of jet grouting. Construction and installation of the two 85.5 m long, 11.6 m wide and 7.4 m high immersed tubes is described. The second river crossing was excavated in four operations: jet grouting, crown excavation and support, bench excavation and support, and final lining. (J.M.McLaughlin) 954327 Israel: land of tunnelling opportunity P. Darling, Tunnels & Tunnelling, 26(9), 1994, pp 17-19,2123,24. Upgrading of the road between Jerusalem and Be'er Sheva' in the south of Israel has involved building a bridge and two twin tunnels to circumvent a nature reserve and ancient Arab