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The relevance of prosthodontics and the science of dental materials of the practice of dentistry
Journal of Dentistry,
10, No. 4. 1982,
JOURNAL
OF DENTISTRY
Abstracts
from
this
pp. 355-356
Printedin
Great Britain
issue
MORADIANS S., FLETCHER A. M., AMIN W. M., RITCHIE G. M., PURNAVEJA J. and DODD A. W. Some mechanical proPerties including the repair strength of two self-curing acrylic resins. .I. Dent. 10 (1982) 271-280. Selfcuring acrylic resins have been used mainly in prosthetic dentistry for the construction of custom-built impression trays, occlusion registration bases and for repairing fractured dentures. Their disadvantages when compared with heatcured resins are their relatively poor mechanical properties and a high level of residual monomer. Recently, pour-type resins have been introduced for the fabrication of denture bases. The present study was to examine some of the undertaken mechanical properties of these materials and compare the results with those previously reported.
STEELE L. The delivery of dental care for elderly handicapped patients. J. Dem. 10 (1982) 281-288. There are thrae basic modes of delivering dental care to elderly handicapped patients: 1. As outpatients requiring transport. Treated by general dental practitioners, the community dental service or as hospital outpatients. 2. In a simple clinic within an institution. 3. Domiciliary treatment including visits by a dentist to unequipped wards or institutions. In many cases, the choice between different modes of delivery depends upon the treatment needed, venue, services, equipment and facilities available, as well as cost and attitudes of those involved. Data from use of all three modes is presented and is related to the physical, medical and mental state of patients and to the factors which contribute to the costeffectiveness of treatment.
BAGNALL R. D., CALLIS P. D. and ROBERTSON W. D. An endodontic method simulating cancellous bone. J. Dent. 10 (1982) 289-291.
A gypsum-filled polymer has been developed for endodontic teaching purposes. The material is radiographically similar to cancellous bone, is strong and rigid at room temperature, yet can be repeatedly softened by heating so that selected teeth may be extracted for examination. Full-arch models with natural teeth are readily cast in the material, and may be useful in the teaching of extraction techniques.
RETIEF D. H., WOODS E. and JAMISON H. C. Microleakage of selected composite raetorative resins. .I. Dent. 10 (1982) 292-299. Five selected composite restorative resins were used to restore Class V preparations in extracted human maxillary canine teeth. In addition, a low-viscosity bonding resin was used in conjunction with one of the restorative resins. Microleakage, at both the incisal and cervical margins of the restorations, was assessed by means of a radioisotope after the restored teeth had been subjected to 2500 cyclic temperature changes at 5” and 55”, respectively. lncisal microleakage was not significantly different but sewre microleakage was recorded at the cervical margins of the restorations.
LITTLE D.A. The relevance of proathodontics and the science of dental materials to the practice of dentistry. J. Dent. 10 (1982) 300-310. This article attempts by historic reference to demonstrate the present and future relewnce of prosthodontics and the science of dental materials to the practice of dentistry. The historical introduction indicates the inadequacy of prosthodontic techniques and materials used in the past, so that an immediate appreciation of modern techniques may be recognized. The relewnce of prosthodontics is discussed from an educational point of view, and the importance of existing techniques is emphasized with regard to the problems of today. The future role of implant materials and prosthodontics is summarized. The significance of dental materials science is discussed with reference to groups
Journal of Dentistry Vol. IO/No. 4
356 of materials techniques.
and
particular
research
WILLIAMS D. R. Ocalural plane orientation in complete denture construction. J. Dent 10 (1982) 311-316. Guides to the orientation of the occlusal plane in complete denture construction are reviewed and the current opinions of some British dentists are reported. It is concluded that this element of complete denture construction owes less to the intelligent application of scientific principles than to a form of guesswork.
KANDLER Ii. J. The design and construction of dental elevators. J. Dent 10 (1982) 317-322. Three new elevators for use in dentoalveolar surgery have been designed and tested. Their mechanical efficiency was examined experimentally, and clinical trials have been completed. Used in appropriate circumstances, these elevators approach the ‘ideal’ for safe effective exodontia.
SWALLOW J. N. Why should students bother to read? J. Dent. 10 (1982) 323-325. Two consecutive groups of final-year dental students received an identical examination paper based on recent articles in the field of restorative dentistry. One year was given none of the articles, the other received a proportion of them. Both students’ years scored similarly and within the year which had received some of the articles no differences were detected which would support the view that receiving the articles enhanced the examination score. Informal teaching and student interchange of information is suggested es the most likely reason for this result.
LUKER J. The pacemaker patient in the dental surgery. J. Dent 10 (1982) 326-332. Most electrical equipment used in dentistry has been shown to interfere with cardiac pacemaker function. Various dental instru-
ments were tested in a crude simulation of the body’s resistance and it was found (out of five instruments tested) that the dental diathermy was the only one to affect pacemaker function.
CRANFIELD M., KUHN A. T. and WINTER G. B. Factors relating to the rate of fluoride-ion releaee from glass-ionomer cement, J. Dent 10 (1982) 333-341. A series of four different glass-ionomer cements were investigated to attempt to gain a deeper understanding of factors affecting fluoride-ion release. The results of the experiments were compared in detail with other work reported over the past twenty years and it was summarized that the nature of fluoride-ion release has not been established and there is still much controversy on the subject in the literature.
ROOD J. P., PATEROMICHELAKIS S. and PROKOPIOU A. A. The effects of adrenaline on lignoceine anaeatheaia of the isolated nerve. J. Dent. 10 (1982) 342-345. The improvement of depth and duration of local anaesthesia by the addition of adrenaline is usually attributed to the effectiva localization of the anaesthetic by local vasoconstriction. To examine the possibility that adrenaline acts upon the nerves and enhances the blockade induced by lignocaine, isolated rat sciatic nerves ware exposed to plain lignoCaine hydrochloride solution or lignocaine with 1 : 50 000 adrenaline. No differences in the degree of block were identified.
ROBERTS G. J. Is breast feeding a poaaible cause of dental caries? J. Dent 10 (1982) 346-352. This paper investigates the breast feeding of infants as a possible cause leading to the development of dental caries in children. Areas discussed include: the clinical features of breast-milk caries; the relationship of breast feeding to current concepts on the aetiology of caries and advice on management of the problem.
10, No. 4. 1982,
JOURNAL
OF DENTISTRY
Abstracts
from
this
pp. 355-356
Printedin
Great Britain
issue
MORADIANS S., FLETCHER A. M., AMIN W. M., RITCHIE G. M., PURNAVEJA J. and DODD A. W. Some mechanical proPerties including the repair strength of two self-curing acrylic resins. .I. Dent. 10 (1982) 271-280. Selfcuring acrylic resins have been used mainly in prosthetic dentistry for the construction of custom-built impression trays, occlusion registration bases and for repairing fractured dentures. Their disadvantages when compared with heatcured resins are their relatively poor mechanical properties and a high level of residual monomer. Recently, pour-type resins have been introduced for the fabrication of denture bases. The present study was to examine some of the undertaken mechanical properties of these materials and compare the results with those previously reported.
STEELE L. The delivery of dental care for elderly handicapped patients. J. Dem. 10 (1982) 281-288. There are thrae basic modes of delivering dental care to elderly handicapped patients: 1. As outpatients requiring transport. Treated by general dental practitioners, the community dental service or as hospital outpatients. 2. In a simple clinic within an institution. 3. Domiciliary treatment including visits by a dentist to unequipped wards or institutions. In many cases, the choice between different modes of delivery depends upon the treatment needed, venue, services, equipment and facilities available, as well as cost and attitudes of those involved. Data from use of all three modes is presented and is related to the physical, medical and mental state of patients and to the factors which contribute to the costeffectiveness of treatment.
BAGNALL R. D., CALLIS P. D. and ROBERTSON W. D. An endodontic method simulating cancellous bone. J. Dent. 10 (1982) 289-291.
A gypsum-filled polymer has been developed for endodontic teaching purposes. The material is radiographically similar to cancellous bone, is strong and rigid at room temperature, yet can be repeatedly softened by heating so that selected teeth may be extracted for examination. Full-arch models with natural teeth are readily cast in the material, and may be useful in the teaching of extraction techniques.
RETIEF D. H., WOODS E. and JAMISON H. C. Microleakage of selected composite raetorative resins. .I. Dent. 10 (1982) 292-299. Five selected composite restorative resins were used to restore Class V preparations in extracted human maxillary canine teeth. In addition, a low-viscosity bonding resin was used in conjunction with one of the restorative resins. Microleakage, at both the incisal and cervical margins of the restorations, was assessed by means of a radioisotope after the restored teeth had been subjected to 2500 cyclic temperature changes at 5” and 55”, respectively. lncisal microleakage was not significantly different but sewre microleakage was recorded at the cervical margins of the restorations.
LITTLE D.A. The relevance of proathodontics and the science of dental materials to the practice of dentistry. J. Dent. 10 (1982) 300-310. This article attempts by historic reference to demonstrate the present and future relewnce of prosthodontics and the science of dental materials to the practice of dentistry. The historical introduction indicates the inadequacy of prosthodontic techniques and materials used in the past, so that an immediate appreciation of modern techniques may be recognized. The relewnce of prosthodontics is discussed from an educational point of view, and the importance of existing techniques is emphasized with regard to the problems of today. The future role of implant materials and prosthodontics is summarized. The significance of dental materials science is discussed with reference to groups
Journal of Dentistry Vol. IO/No. 4
356 of materials techniques.
and
particular
research
WILLIAMS D. R. Ocalural plane orientation in complete denture construction. J. Dent 10 (1982) 311-316. Guides to the orientation of the occlusal plane in complete denture construction are reviewed and the current opinions of some British dentists are reported. It is concluded that this element of complete denture construction owes less to the intelligent application of scientific principles than to a form of guesswork.
KANDLER Ii. J. The design and construction of dental elevators. J. Dent 10 (1982) 317-322. Three new elevators for use in dentoalveolar surgery have been designed and tested. Their mechanical efficiency was examined experimentally, and clinical trials have been completed. Used in appropriate circumstances, these elevators approach the ‘ideal’ for safe effective exodontia.
SWALLOW J. N. Why should students bother to read? J. Dent. 10 (1982) 323-325. Two consecutive groups of final-year dental students received an identical examination paper based on recent articles in the field of restorative dentistry. One year was given none of the articles, the other received a proportion of them. Both students’ years scored similarly and within the year which had received some of the articles no differences were detected which would support the view that receiving the articles enhanced the examination score. Informal teaching and student interchange of information is suggested es the most likely reason for this result.
LUKER J. The pacemaker patient in the dental surgery. J. Dent 10 (1982) 326-332. Most electrical equipment used in dentistry has been shown to interfere with cardiac pacemaker function. Various dental instru-
ments were tested in a crude simulation of the body’s resistance and it was found (out of five instruments tested) that the dental diathermy was the only one to affect pacemaker function.
CRANFIELD M., KUHN A. T. and WINTER G. B. Factors relating to the rate of fluoride-ion releaee from glass-ionomer cement, J. Dent 10 (1982) 333-341. A series of four different glass-ionomer cements were investigated to attempt to gain a deeper understanding of factors affecting fluoride-ion release. The results of the experiments were compared in detail with other work reported over the past twenty years and it was summarized that the nature of fluoride-ion release has not been established and there is still much controversy on the subject in the literature.
ROOD J. P., PATEROMICHELAKIS S. and PROKOPIOU A. A. The effects of adrenaline on lignoceine anaeatheaia of the isolated nerve. J. Dent. 10 (1982) 342-345. The improvement of depth and duration of local anaesthesia by the addition of adrenaline is usually attributed to the effectiva localization of the anaesthetic by local vasoconstriction. To examine the possibility that adrenaline acts upon the nerves and enhances the blockade induced by lignocaine, isolated rat sciatic nerves ware exposed to plain lignoCaine hydrochloride solution or lignocaine with 1 : 50 000 adrenaline. No differences in the degree of block were identified.
ROBERTS G. J. Is breast feeding a poaaible cause of dental caries? J. Dent 10 (1982) 346-352. This paper investigates the breast feeding of infants as a possible cause leading to the development of dental caries in children. Areas discussed include: the clinical features of breast-milk caries; the relationship of breast feeding to current concepts on the aetiology of caries and advice on management of the problem.