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The role of empathy in the development of aggression and delinquency in adolescents
S170
IACAPAP 2012 – 20th World congress / Neuropsychiatrie de l’enfance et de l’adolescence 60S (2012) S140–S196
Mo-P-1139
The association between negative posttraumatic cognitions and dissociative symptoms among Taiwanese adolescents S. Liu Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital Yunlin Branch, Douliou City, Yunlin County, Taiwan Only few studies demonstrated the effects of negative trauma-related appraisals on acute stress symptoms in child and adolescent survivors of traumatic injuries. The present study aimed to examine the association between posttraumatic cognitions and dissociative symptomatology among community adolescents exposed to varied types of traumatic events. We recruited 153 participants (aged 12–17, 56.5% female) from public schools. They completed the Chinese version of the Child Post-Traumatic Cognitions Inventory (CPTCI) in relation to the most disturbing traumatic event specified in the UCLA PTSD reaction index. They reported dissociative symptoms on the Adolescent Dissociative Experiences Scale. Our results demonstrated that there was a significant positive correlation between the total scores of CPTCI and dissociative symptoms (r = .65, P < .001). Even after partialing out the impact of PTSS on posttraumatic cognitions, the correlations remained significant (r = .36, P < .001). The scores of CPTCI subscales “permanent and disturbing change” and “fragile person in a scary world” were both significantly related to dissociative symptoms (r = .50, r = .64, P < .001, respectively). The study provided a preliminary support for the crucial effect of negative posttraumatic cognitions on dissociative symptomatology. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neurenf.2012.04.251 Mo-P-1140
The role of empathy in the development of aggression and delinquency in adolescents M. Allroggen a,∗ , M. Koelch b , P. Rehmann a Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany b Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Vivantes Klinikum, Berlin, Germany ∗ Corresponding author.
a
Introduction.– Empathy deficits are one core characteristic of individuals who exhibit antisocial — in particular delinquent and aggressive — behaviour in a sustained fashion. However, the relationship between different aspects of empathy (affective vs. cognitive), different forms of aggressive behaviour (reactive vs. proactive) and different types of delinquent behaviour remain uncertain. Methods.– Within a high-risk population of adolescents with aggressive behaviour we assess empathy with the Multifaceted Empathy Test, different forms of aggressive and delinquent behaviour as well as personality factors and psychiatric diagnosis. Results and conclusions.– We will present the results of the first 30 participants and discuss the implications of the findings. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neurenf.2012.04.252 Mo-P-1141
Self-injurious behaviour in Nigerian children with intellectual disability I.I. Adeosun a,∗ , O.C. Ogun a , T. Ijarogbe b , A.O. Bello c , A. Adegbohun c , O.O. Omigbodun d a Clinical Services, Federal Neuropsychiatric Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria b Medical, Psychiatric Hospital Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria c Psychiatric Hospital Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria d Psychiatry, College Of Medicine, University Of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria ∗ Corresponding author. Intellectual Disability increases the predisposition to maladaptive behavioural patterns, including self-injurious behaviour. This study determines the pattern of self- injurious behaviour in children with intellectual disability attending the Child Clinic, Neuro-Psychiatric Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria. The Behaviour
Problem Inventory was used to assess 147 children. Findings indicated that a quarter (25.2%) of children with intellectual disability had self-injurious behaviour. The types of self-injurious behaviour found include head banging (9.5%), self-biting (8.2%), self-picking (4.1%), and self-hitting (1.4%). Over a third (35.1%) of children with Self-injury had co-morbid psychiatric disorders, consisting predominantly of ADHD (53.8%) and autism (30.8%). Patients with moderate or severe intellectual disability were more likely to exhibit selfinjurious behaviour than those with mild intellectual disability (P = 0.02, 95%, OR = 2.17). One in four children with intellectual disability presenting at a tertiary facility had self-injurious behaviour indicating a need for interventions at various settings of care including schools and home. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neurenf.2012.04.253
Mo-P-1142
Psychotherapy in children and adolescents with intellectual disabilities: An innovative method for single, group and family sessions F.G.E. Caby a,∗ , A. Caby b Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Marien-Hospital Papenburg-Aschendorf, Aschendorf, Germany b Social Work and Health Sciences, University of Emden/Leer, Emden, Germany ∗ Corresponding author.
a
About one-third of children with intellectual disabilities (ID) are diagnosed with emotional and behavioural problems, common psychiatric disorders include adjustment, hyperkinetic or conduct disorders. A severe intellectual disability often means also severe impairment of psychosocial functioning. Psychotherapeutical approaches for ID children, adolescents and their families or caregivers are rarely described. Group, family or single interventions specifically developed for these patients are barely to find, and observational measures of responses or other evaluation approaches mostly difficult to acquire. A systemic solutionfocussed method was provided to patients with intellectual and developmental disabilities in residential care and ambulatory settings. With treatment, cooperation improved and behavioral distress often decreased, and patients became more interested and regularly involved in single, group or family sessions. Our first results support the effectiveness of specific psychotherapy interventions for promoting cooperation in children and adolescents with ID. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neurenf.2012.04.254 Mo-P-1143
A case report of Noonan syndrome with mental retardation and Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder S. Shim a,∗ , J. Kim b Child Psychiatry, SCH University hospital, Cheonan, Korea b Child Psychiatry, Pusan University hospital, Pusan, Korea ∗ Corresponding author.
a
Noonan syndrome is characterised by short stature, typical facial dysmorphology and congenital heart defects. The main facial features of Noonan syndrome are hypertelorism with down-slanting palpebral fissures, ptosis and low-set posteriorly rotated ears with a thickened helix. The cardiovascular defects most commonly associated with this condition are pulmonary stenosis and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Other associated features are webbed neck, chest deformity, mild intellectual deficit, cryptorchidism, poor feeding in infancy, bleeding tendency and lymphatic dysplasias. The patient is a 10-year-old boy. He had experienced febrile convulsion repeatedly. He had typical facial features, short stature, Chest deformity, cryptorchidism, vesicoureteral reflux, and mental retardation. His language and motor development have been delayed. When he went to school, he was difficult to pay attention, follow direction, and organize tasks. Also he displayed behavior such as squirming, leaving his seat in class, running around inappropriately. Clinical observation is important for the diagnosis, so we report a patient who was diagnosed Noonan syndrome with mental retardation and attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neurenf.2012.04.255
IACAPAP 2012 – 20th World congress / Neuropsychiatrie de l’enfance et de l’adolescence 60S (2012) S140–S196
Mo-P-1139
The association between negative posttraumatic cognitions and dissociative symptoms among Taiwanese adolescents S. Liu Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital Yunlin Branch, Douliou City, Yunlin County, Taiwan Only few studies demonstrated the effects of negative trauma-related appraisals on acute stress symptoms in child and adolescent survivors of traumatic injuries. The present study aimed to examine the association between posttraumatic cognitions and dissociative symptomatology among community adolescents exposed to varied types of traumatic events. We recruited 153 participants (aged 12–17, 56.5% female) from public schools. They completed the Chinese version of the Child Post-Traumatic Cognitions Inventory (CPTCI) in relation to the most disturbing traumatic event specified in the UCLA PTSD reaction index. They reported dissociative symptoms on the Adolescent Dissociative Experiences Scale. Our results demonstrated that there was a significant positive correlation between the total scores of CPTCI and dissociative symptoms (r = .65, P < .001). Even after partialing out the impact of PTSS on posttraumatic cognitions, the correlations remained significant (r = .36, P < .001). The scores of CPTCI subscales “permanent and disturbing change” and “fragile person in a scary world” were both significantly related to dissociative symptoms (r = .50, r = .64, P < .001, respectively). The study provided a preliminary support for the crucial effect of negative posttraumatic cognitions on dissociative symptomatology. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neurenf.2012.04.251 Mo-P-1140
The role of empathy in the development of aggression and delinquency in adolescents M. Allroggen a,∗ , M. Koelch b , P. Rehmann a Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany b Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Vivantes Klinikum, Berlin, Germany ∗ Corresponding author.
a
Introduction.– Empathy deficits are one core characteristic of individuals who exhibit antisocial — in particular delinquent and aggressive — behaviour in a sustained fashion. However, the relationship between different aspects of empathy (affective vs. cognitive), different forms of aggressive behaviour (reactive vs. proactive) and different types of delinquent behaviour remain uncertain. Methods.– Within a high-risk population of adolescents with aggressive behaviour we assess empathy with the Multifaceted Empathy Test, different forms of aggressive and delinquent behaviour as well as personality factors and psychiatric diagnosis. Results and conclusions.– We will present the results of the first 30 participants and discuss the implications of the findings. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neurenf.2012.04.252 Mo-P-1141
Self-injurious behaviour in Nigerian children with intellectual disability I.I. Adeosun a,∗ , O.C. Ogun a , T. Ijarogbe b , A.O. Bello c , A. Adegbohun c , O.O. Omigbodun d a Clinical Services, Federal Neuropsychiatric Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria b Medical, Psychiatric Hospital Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria c Psychiatric Hospital Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria d Psychiatry, College Of Medicine, University Of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria ∗ Corresponding author. Intellectual Disability increases the predisposition to maladaptive behavioural patterns, including self-injurious behaviour. This study determines the pattern of self- injurious behaviour in children with intellectual disability attending the Child Clinic, Neuro-Psychiatric Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria. The Behaviour
Problem Inventory was used to assess 147 children. Findings indicated that a quarter (25.2%) of children with intellectual disability had self-injurious behaviour. The types of self-injurious behaviour found include head banging (9.5%), self-biting (8.2%), self-picking (4.1%), and self-hitting (1.4%). Over a third (35.1%) of children with Self-injury had co-morbid psychiatric disorders, consisting predominantly of ADHD (53.8%) and autism (30.8%). Patients with moderate or severe intellectual disability were more likely to exhibit selfinjurious behaviour than those with mild intellectual disability (P = 0.02, 95%, OR = 2.17). One in four children with intellectual disability presenting at a tertiary facility had self-injurious behaviour indicating a need for interventions at various settings of care including schools and home. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neurenf.2012.04.253
Mo-P-1142
Psychotherapy in children and adolescents with intellectual disabilities: An innovative method for single, group and family sessions F.G.E. Caby a,∗ , A. Caby b Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Marien-Hospital Papenburg-Aschendorf, Aschendorf, Germany b Social Work and Health Sciences, University of Emden/Leer, Emden, Germany ∗ Corresponding author.
a
About one-third of children with intellectual disabilities (ID) are diagnosed with emotional and behavioural problems, common psychiatric disorders include adjustment, hyperkinetic or conduct disorders. A severe intellectual disability often means also severe impairment of psychosocial functioning. Psychotherapeutical approaches for ID children, adolescents and their families or caregivers are rarely described. Group, family or single interventions specifically developed for these patients are barely to find, and observational measures of responses or other evaluation approaches mostly difficult to acquire. A systemic solutionfocussed method was provided to patients with intellectual and developmental disabilities in residential care and ambulatory settings. With treatment, cooperation improved and behavioral distress often decreased, and patients became more interested and regularly involved in single, group or family sessions. Our first results support the effectiveness of specific psychotherapy interventions for promoting cooperation in children and adolescents with ID. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neurenf.2012.04.254 Mo-P-1143
A case report of Noonan syndrome with mental retardation and Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder S. Shim a,∗ , J. Kim b Child Psychiatry, SCH University hospital, Cheonan, Korea b Child Psychiatry, Pusan University hospital, Pusan, Korea ∗ Corresponding author.
a
Noonan syndrome is characterised by short stature, typical facial dysmorphology and congenital heart defects. The main facial features of Noonan syndrome are hypertelorism with down-slanting palpebral fissures, ptosis and low-set posteriorly rotated ears with a thickened helix. The cardiovascular defects most commonly associated with this condition are pulmonary stenosis and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Other associated features are webbed neck, chest deformity, mild intellectual deficit, cryptorchidism, poor feeding in infancy, bleeding tendency and lymphatic dysplasias. The patient is a 10-year-old boy. He had experienced febrile convulsion repeatedly. He had typical facial features, short stature, Chest deformity, cryptorchidism, vesicoureteral reflux, and mental retardation. His language and motor development have been delayed. When he went to school, he was difficult to pay attention, follow direction, and organize tasks. Also he displayed behavior such as squirming, leaving his seat in class, running around inappropriately. Clinical observation is important for the diagnosis, so we report a patient who was diagnosed Noonan syndrome with mental retardation and attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neurenf.2012.04.255