The Status of Renewable Energy Research on India

The Status of Renewable Energy Research on India

Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Energy Procedia 95 (2016) 416 – 423 ,QWHUQDWLRQDO6FLHQWLILF&RQIHUHQFH³(QYLURQPHQWDODQG&...

200KB Sizes 10 Downloads 70 Views

Available online at www.sciencedirect.com

ScienceDirect Energy Procedia 95 (2016) 416 – 423

,QWHUQDWLRQDO6FLHQWLILF&RQIHUHQFH³(QYLURQPHQWDODQG&OLPDWH7HFKQRORJLHV´&21(&7 2FWREHU5LJD/DWYLD

7KHVWDWXVRIUHQHZDEOHHQHUJ\UHVHDUFKRQ,QGLD *\DQHQGUD6LQJK6LVRGLDDE 3UDJ\D6LQJKF a

Amrita School of Business, Amrita University, Coimbatore, India b Department of Marketing, Ghent University, Belgium c Selfemployed, Jaipur, India

$EVWUDFW 7KLVVWXG\SUHVHQWVDVWDWXVRIUHQHZDEOHHQHUJ\UHVHDUFKVSHFLILFWRWKH,QGLDQFRQWH[W7KH,QGLDQDFDGHPLFOLWHUDWXUHRQUHQHZDEOH HQHUJ\IURP±ZDVUHYLHZHG7KHPDMRUIRFXVZDVWRXQGHUVWDQGWKHGLUHFWLRQRIWKHHQHUJ\UHVHDUFK VRODU LQFRQVXPHU EHKDYLRUFRQWH[W7KHUHIRUHWKHWHFKQRORJLFDOUHVHDUFKDQGSDWHQWVWXGLHVZHUHQRWWDNHQLQWRDFFRXQWIRUWKLVVWXG\7KHSDSHUV UHYLHZHGUHSUHVHQWWKUHHEURDGFDWHJRULHVQDPHO\³OLWHUDWXUHUHYLHZ´³HPSLULFDOVWXGLHV´DQG³TXDOLWDWLYHVWXGLHV´7KURXJKWKLV VWXG\LWFDQEHFRQFOXGHGWKDW,QGLDQHQHUJ\PDUNHWLVQRW\HWZHOOUHVHDUFKHGDFDGHPLFDOO\$VORZJURZWKKDVEHHQREVHUYHG VLQFHKRZHYHUDPDMRUVKLIWLVREVHUYHGIURPRQZDUGV ‹7KH$XWKRUV3XEOLVKHGE\(OVHYLHU/WG © 2016 Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). 3HHUUHYLHZXQGHUUHVSRQVLELOLW\RI5LJD7HFKQLFDO8QLYHUVLW\,QVWLWXWHRI(QHUJ\6\VWHPVDQG(QYLURQPHQW Peer-review under responsibility of Riga Technical University, Institute of Energy Systems and Environment. Keywords:,QGLDQHQHUJ\UHVHDUFKVRODUHQHUJ\FRQVXPHULVP,QGLDVRODUUHVHDUFK

,QWURGXFWLRQ 7KHJHQHUDWLRQDQGDGRSWLRQRIUHQHZDEOHHQHUJ\LVDQLVVXHWKDWLVJDLQLQJLQFUHDVLQJVLJQLILFDQFHLQ,QGLD,WLV DOVRDELJDUHDIRUFRQVXPHUUHVHDUFKDVWKHDFFHSWDQFHRIUHQHZDEOHHQHUJ\E\,QGLDQFRQVXPHUVLVDQH[WHQVLYHRSHQ TXHVWLRQDV\HW7KLVSDSHUSUHVHQWVDUHYLHZRI,QGLDQUHQHZDEOHHQHUJ\OLWHUDWXUH,QWKLVUHYLHZDUWLFOHVDUHWDNHQ WKDWIRFXVRQ,QGLDQVRODUUHQHZDEOHHQHUJ\ 5( JHQHUDWLRQDQGLPSOHPHQWDWLRQ/LWHUDWXUHLVFRGHGRQWKHEDVLVRI W\SHRIDUWLFOHVHJZKHWKHULWLVDQHPSLULFDOUHVHDUFKDUWLFOHRUUHYLHZDUWLFOH":KDWDUWLFOHLVIRFXVLQJRQ"±EDUULHUV LQYHVWPHQWVXEVLG\SHUFHSWLRQVHWF±DQGILQDOO\JDSVZHUHLGHQWLILHGDQGSUHVHQWHG $SSHQGL[$  



&RUUHVSRQGLQJDXWKRU7HO E-mail address:VLQJKBJLV#\DKRRFRLQ

1876-6102 © 2016 Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer-review under responsibility of Riga Technical University, Institute of Energy Systems and Environment. doi:10.1016/j.egypro.2016.09.050

Gyanendra Singh Sisodia and Pragya Singh / Energy Procedia 95 (2016) 416 – 423

417

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¶V YLDELOLW\ LQ WKH UXUDO DUHD 7KH\ GLVFXVVHG ILQDQFLQJPHWKRGVWKURXJKJRYHUQPHQWVXEVLGLHVIRUSURPRWLRQRIDSURGXFWDQGFUHDWLRQRIFKDUJLQJFHQWUHVIRU VRODUODQWHUQVDQGVXEVHTXHQWO\FUHDWLQJMRERSSRUWXQLWLHVWRSHRSOHDQGPRWLYDWLQJUXUDOHQWUHSUHQHXUV+RZHYHUWKH PDUNHW ZDV QRW SLFNHG XS E\ WKDW WLPH DQG GXH WR KLJKHU SHUFHLYHG FKDOOHQJHV DGRSWLRQ LV VWLOO D TXHVWLRQ ,W LV H[SHFWHGWKDWWKHUHLVVWLOOVRPHWLPHIRURUJDQL]DWLRQVDQGUHVHDUFKHUVWRFRQGXFWFRQVXPHUVWXGLHVRYHUDGGUHVVLQJ FRPSOH[FRQVXPHUV¶LVVXHV &RQVLGHULQJWRRIWRWDO,QGLDQUXUDOSRSXODWLRQEHORZSRYHUW\OLQH5DRHWDO>@SURSRVHGHQHUJ\PLFUR ILQDQFLQJIRUUXUDOSHRSOHWKURXJKFRQFHSWXDOIUDPHZRUN>@,WLVFRQVLGHUHGWKDWDFFHVVWRHOHFWULFLW\ZLOOLPSURYH WKHLUOLYHOLKRRGV0\VRUHFDVHIRUUHQHZDEOHHQHUJ\PLFURILQDQFHLVTXRWHGLQVWXGLHVZKHUHFRVWRILQYHVWPHQW KDVWREHERUQHE\HQWUHSUHQHXUZKHUHDVRIDQLQYHVWPHQWFDQEHILQDQFHGE\EDQNVDVDORDQ 6LQJK >@ UDLVHG LVVXHV RQ UHJXODWLRQV RI EX\LQJ UHQHZDEOH HQHUJLHV IURP VPDOO SURGXFHUV IHHG LQ WDULIIV DQG UHQHZDEOHSXUFKDVHREOLJDWLRQV 532 )XUWKHUGHHSHUDQGEURDGHULVVXHVVXFKDVWUDQVPLVVLRQFRVWFRQJHVWLRQ  SURPRWLRQ RI VWDQGDORQH V\VWHPV EDVHG RQ UHQHZDEOH HQHUJ\ FRPSHWLWLYH SDUWLFLSDWLRQ LQ WKH HOHFWULFLW\ PDUNHWV ZLGHQLQJ SDUWLFLSDWLRQ EH\RQG GLVWULEXWLRQ OLFHQVHHV IOH[LELOLW\ WR PHHW 532 LQYHVWPHQW EDURPHWHUV HIIHFWLYH XWLOL]DWLRQRIJRYHUQPHQW WHFKQRORJLFDOVXSSRUWUHGXFWLRQLQUHJXODWRU\ULVNDQGHIIHFWLYHFRPSOLDQFHVDUHDOVR GLVFXVVHG,PSOHPHQWDWLRQLVVXHVDUHDOVRKLJKOLJKWHGZKHUHWKHFRRUGLQDWLRQEHWZHHQUHJXODWRUVLVDFULWLFDOLVVXH DPRQJVWDWHV2WKHUVWDNHKROGHUVWKDWQHHGWRFRPHWRJHWKHUDUHEX\HUVDQGVHOOHUVJHQHUDWRUVEDQNLQJV\VWHPVIRU ORDQVHWF +RZHYHUZLWKKXJHLQYHVWPHQWLQ5DMDVWKDQLWLVFODLPHGE\3DQGH\HWDO>@WKDW5DMVDWKDQLVDSUHIHUUHGVWDWH LQ,QGLDIRULQYHVWPHQWLQVRODUHQHUJ\ZLWKFRPSDQLHVUHJLVWHUHGIRUVRODULQYHVWPHQWWRLQVWDOODVRODUHQHUJ\ SODQWZLWKFDSDFLW\RI0:7KHPDLQDUJXPHQWSUHVHQWHGWRDWWUDFWLQYHVWRUVLVE\FUHDWLQJLQYHVWPHQWIULHQGO\ JRYHUQPHQW LQ 5DMDVWKDQ WKHUHE\ SURPRWLQJ SROLFLHV FUHDWLQJ VXSSRUW LQIUDVWUXFWXUH IDFLOLWDWLRQ DQG JRRG JRYHUQDQFH &RQVXPHUVWXGLHV +LJKHULQYHVWPHQWFRVWRQVRODUHQHUJ\JHQHUDWLRQE\LQGLYLGXDOKRXVHKROGVIRUORZHFRQRP\FRXQWU\KDVPDGH IHZEXVLQHVVHVWRUHWKLQNDERXWWKHSURSRVLWLRQ%XVLQHVVHVPDMRUO\WDUJHWHGWKHUXUDOFRQVXPHUVZKHUHGLVFRQWLQXRXV HOHFWULFLW\RUQRHOHFWULFLW\VXSSO\LVDFUXFLDOSKHQRPHQRQ6HYHUDOWHFKQRORJLHVDUHLQWURGXFHGLQUXUDODQGXUEDQ ,QGLD WR DGGUHVV WKH HQHUJ\QHHGV 0RVW RI WKH DWWHQWLRQZDVRQ DGGUHVVLQJ WKH FRRNLQJUHTXLUHPHQWV 7R DGGUHVV VPRNHOHVVDOWHUQDWLYHFRRNLQJUHTXLUHPHQWVVRODUFRRNHUVZHUHLQWURGXFHGDQGIXUWKHUPDUNHWVZHUHH[SORUHG>@ +RWZDWHUUHTXLUHPHQWVDUHDOVRDGGUHVVHGE\LQWURGXFWLRQRISDVVLYHVRODUWHFKQRORJLHVDQGPDUNHWDOVRSHQHWUDWHG DWUHODWLYHO\VLJQLILFDQWOHYHO>@+RZHYHUWKHPDUNHWIRUVRODUFRRNHUGRHVQ¶WVHHPVDSSURSULDWHDQGG\QDPLVPLVLQ WKHIDYRXURISURYLGLQJHOHFWULFLW\:LWKLQWKLVIUDPHZRUN9HOD\XGKDQ>@VWXGLHGFRQVXPHUEHKDYLRXUSDWWHUQRID JRYHUQPHQWSURJUDPPHWKDWGLVVHPLQDWHGVRODUODQWHUQDVDSDUWRISURPRWLRQRIVRODUWHFKQRORJLHV0RVWUHIHUUHG VRXUFHRIOLWHUDWXUHIRUWKLVVWXG\LV5RJJHU¶VPRGHOIRUGLIIXVLRQRILQQRYDWLRQ7HFKQLFDOO\UHSRUWHGLVVXHVDUHSRRU EDWWHULHVDQGODFNRIFKDUJLQJIDFLOLWLHV$GGLWLRQDOO\PDLQWHQDQFHSUREOHPVZHUHQRWKDQGOHGFDUHIXOO\+RZHYHU SURPRWLRQZDVVXEVLG\GULYHQDQGILQDOSULFHZDVOHVVWKDQWKDWRISHWURPD[EXWXQSODQQHGGLVWULEXWLRQVWUDWHJ\

418

Gyanendra Singh Sisodia and Pragya Singh / Energy Procedia 95 (2016) 416 – 423

UHVXOWHG LQ WKH IDLOXUH RI WKH *RYHUQPHQW SURPRWLRQ VFKHPH $FFRUGLQJ WR 5RJHU >@ ILQDQFLDOO\ DGYDQWDJHRXV FRQVXPHUVVKRXOGEHWDUJHWHGILUVWIRUWKHLQQRYDWLRQDGRSWLRQF\FOHWRFRQWLQXHKRZHYHULQWKLVFDVHLQVWHDGRI SURILOHEDVHGWDUJHWLQJRIHDUO\DGRSWHUVJRYHUQPHQWWDUJHWHGGLVDGYDQWDJHRXVJURXSVWKDWUHVXOWHGLQDPDUNHWIDLOXUH 6LPLODUO\3HWHUHWDO>@UHOLHGRQ5RJJHU¶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³7DUJHW0DUNHWDQG0DUNHW6HJPHQW±,GHQWLILFDWLRQRIFRPPXQLWLHVRI,QQRYDWRUVDQGHDUO\DGRSWHUVRI5( VRXUFHVZKRFDQEHWKHLQLWLDOXVHUVRI5(VRXUFHV &RPPXQLFDWLRQPHVVDJH±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±+RZWROHYHUDJHERWKSHUVRQDODQGLPSHUVRQDOPHGLXPWRUHDFKWKHWDUJHWPDUNHW DQGVXSSRUWWKHPWKURXJKWKHDGRSWLRQSURFHVVRIDZDUHQHVVLQWHUHVWHYDOXDWLRQWUDLODQGDGRSWLRQ´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

419

Gyanendra Singh Sisodia and Pragya Singh / Energy Procedia 95 (2016) 416 – 423

SOD\ FULWLFDO UROH LQ RYHUDOO 5( DFFHSWDQFH )XUWKHUPRUH LQ D YHU\ UHFHQW VWXG\ )RUVWHU >@ VWXGLHG WKH VRODU FRQVXPHULVPHIILFLHQF\RQXUEDQ,QGLDQFRQVXPHULVPDQGUHIOHFWHGRQGLUHFWGLVWULEXWLRQPRGHO%ULHIRYHUYLHZRI KLVWRULFDOGHYHORSPHQWRIVRODUHQHUJ\LQ,QGLD .DSRRUHWDO>@PHQWLRQVWKDWGHVSLWHWKHKXJHJHRJUDSKLFDOSRWHQWLDOUHQHZDEOHHQHUJ\JHQHUDWLRQZDVQRW WKHSDUWRIVLJQLILFDQWGLVFXVVLRQXQWLOWKHVL[WKILYH\HDUSODQ ± 6LQFHWKILYH\HDUSODQ ±  WKHLQVWDOODWLRQDQGJHQHUDWLRQWKURXJKVRODUKDVVKRWXS,QWKH\HDU,QGLDQJRYHUQPHQWKDVVWDUWHG-DZDKDUODO 1HKUX1DWLRQDO6RODU0LVVLRQWRDFFHOHUDWHWKHRQJULGDQGRIIJULGJHQHUDWLRQRIVRODUHQHUJ\WKURXJK39ZLWKD WDUJHWWRJHQHUDWH0:RIVRODUHQHUJ\,QWKHJULGFRQQHFWHGVRODUH[FHHGHG*:DQGLVH[SHFWHG WRLQFUHDVHPRUHLQFRPLQJ\HDUV,QWKHWKILYH\HDUSODQ ± WKH,QGLDSODQVWRSURGXFH0:RI VLOLFRQZDIHUV(DFKRIWKHVWDWHKDVGLIIHUHQWLQFHQWLYHVFKHPHVWRSURPRWHWKHVRODUHQHUJ\SURGXFWLRQKRZHYHU WKHUHDUHPDUNHWFKDOOHQJHVIRUWKHDFFHSWDQFHRIWKHWHFKQRORJ\>@,QGLDKDVDOVRXQGHUJRQHWKHPHPRUDQGXP RIXQGHUVWDQGLQJZLWK8$(IRUWKHH[FKDQJHRINQRZOHGJHGDWDEDVHDQGVNLOOHGUHVRXUFHVIRUWKHGHYHORSPHQWRI ERWKWKHFRXQWULHV>@ &RQFOXVLRQ &RQVLGHUDEOHDPRXQWRIOLWHUDWXUHKDVEHHQSXEOLVKHGRQ5(,WLVREVHUYHGWKDWGHVSLWHKXJHSRVVLELOLWLHVDKLJK FRQVXPHUEDVHDQGUHQHZDEOHSRWHQWLDO,QGLDQUHVHDUFKQHHGVDIRFXVRQWKLVDUHDWRR7KHDUHDVHHPVG\QDPLFDV GLIIHUHQWW\SHVRIUHVHDUFK PDMRULW\W\SHPHQWLRQHGLQWDEOH DUHQRWLFHGLQWKHDUHD0DMRUVKLIWLVREVHUYHGIURP \HDURQZDUGV'HVSLWHDVORZJURZWKVRODUSKRWRYROWDLF 39 LVOLNHO\WREHGLVUXSWLYHWHFKQRORJ\LQHQHUJ\ VHFWRU(QHUJ\JHQHUDWLRQWKURXJKRWKHUWHFKQRORJLHVVXFKDZLQGKDVDOVREHHQFRPPHQGDEOH,QWKHWKILYH\HDU SODQWKHLQVWDOOHGFDSDFLW\H[FHHGWR0:ZKHUHDVWKHLQLWLDOSURSRVDOZDVIRU0:>@$GGLWLRQDOO\ HQHUJ\JHQHUDWLRQWKURXJK%LRPDVVDOVRKDVKXJHSRWHQWLDO2XWRIWRWDOUHQHZDEOHHQHUJ\SURGXFWLRQELRPDVVKDVD VKDUHRIDQGWKHWRWDOFDSDFLW\IRUELRPDVVHQHUJ\JHQHUDWLRQLQ,QGLDLVDURXQG0:>@&OHDUO\ ZLWKKXJHIRUHVWDQGDJULFXOWXUHDUHDWKHELRPDVVLVDOVRWROLNHO\WRWDNHXSLQIXWXUHLIVXIILFLHQWO\SURPRWHGDQG ZHOOVXSSRUWHGWKURXJKLQFHQWLYL]DWLRQ6LVRGLDHWDO>@SURSRVHGWKDWGHYHORSLQJFRXQWULHVVXFKDV,QGLDFDQOHDUQ IURPWKHPLVWDNHVRIGHYHORSHGQDWLRQV HJ(XURSH ZKLOHSODQQLQJWKHHQHUJ\VXVWDLQDEOHIUDPHZRUNV7KHUHIRUH UHJLRQVWKDWKDYHFRQVLGHUDEO\UHFRJQL]HGWKHUHVHDUFKGHYHORSPHQWDQGSROLF\VXSSRUWIRUELRPDVVLQQRYDWLRQ>± @FDQVKRZQHZGLUHFWLRQWRWKHHPHUJLQJHFRQRPLHVLQWKHFRQWH[WRIELRPDVVSROLF\FRQWH[W $SSHQGL[$/LWHUDWXUHVXUYH\DQGJDSLGHQWLILFDWLRQWDEOH <($5

$87+25

7,7/(

7<3(

)2&86

*$3

>@

³*DUJ+3  .KDV+´

³5HQHZDEOH(QHUJ\3URJUDPPHDQG 9LVLRQLQ,QGLD´

UHYLHZ

SROLFLHV

H[SDQVLRQSODQV

>@

³6XJDQWKL/  :LOOLDPV$³

³5HQHZDEOHHQHUJ\LQ,QGLDDPRGHOOLQJ VWXG\IRU´

HPSLULFDO

HQHUJ\GHPDQG

>@

³9HOD\XGKDQ6.´

³'LVVHPLQDWLRQRIVRODUSKRWRYROWDLFVD VWXG\RQWKHJRYHUQPHQWSURJUDPPHWR SURPRWHVRODUODQWHUQLQ,QGLD´

HPSLULFDO

FRQVXPHULQQRYDWLRQ

>@

³3RKHNDU  5DPDFKDQGUDQ´

³0XOWLFULWHULDHYDOXDWLRQRIFRRNLQJ HQHUJ\DOWHUQDWLYHVIRUSURPRWLQJ SDUDEROLFVRODUFRRNHULQ,QGLD´

HPSLULFDO

SROLF\GHYHORSPHQW

>@

³%DQHUMHH5´

³&RPSDULVRQRIRSWLRQVIRUGLVWULEXWHG JHQHUDWLRQLQ,QGLD´

UHYLHZ

SULFHYLDELOLW\

>@

³3HWHU5'LFNLH / 3HWHU90´

³$GRSWLRQRISKRWRYROWDLFSRZHUVXSSO\ V\VWHPV$VWXG\RINH\GHWHUPLQDQWVLQ ,QGLD´

HPSLULFDO

GHWHUPLQDQWVIRU VXFFHVVRI39 DGRSWLRQ

LQYHVWPHQW SODQQLQJ UHJXODWLRQV ILQDQFHV LQYHVWPHQW SODQQLQJ UHJXODWLRQV ILQDQFHV LQYHVWPHQW SODQQLQJ UHJXODWLRQV ILQDQFHV LQYHVWPHQW SODQQLQJ UHJXODWLRQV ILQDQFHV LQYHVWPHQW SODQQLQJ

420

Gyanendra Singh Sisodia and Pragya Singh / Energy Procedia 95 (2016) 416 – 423

>@

³3RKHNDU  5DPDFKDQGUDQ´

³0XOWLFULWHULDHYDOXDWLRQRIFRRNLQJ GHYLFHVZLWKVSHFLDOUHIHUHQFHWRXWLOLW\RI SDUDEROLFVRODUFRRNHU 36& LQ,QGLD´

HPSLULFDO

FKRLFHPRGHOOLQJ SROLF\GHYHORSPHQW

>@

³&KDQGUDVHNDU% .DQGSDO7&´

³$QRSLQLRQVXUYH\EDVHGDVVHVVPHQWRI UHQHZDEOHHQHUJ\WHFKQRORJ\ GHYHORSPHQWLQ,QGLD´

HPSLULFDO

RSLQLRQV

>@

³/LPLQJ+´

³$VWXG\RI&KLQD±,QGLDFRRSHUDWLRQLQ UHQHZDEOHHQHUJ\ILHOG´

UHYLHZ

,QGLD&KLQD UHODWLRQVKLS GHYHORSPHQWSROLF\ RYHUUHQHZDEOHV

LQYHVWPHQW SODQQLQJ UHJXODWLRQV ILQDQFHV LQYHVWPHQW SODQQLQJ UHJXODWLRQV ILQDQFHV LQYHVWPHQW SODQQLQJ UHJXODWLRQV ILQDQFHV

>@

³3XURKLW3´

³)LQDQFLDOHYDOXDWLRQRIUHQHZDEOH HQHUJ\WHFKQRORJLHVIRULUULJDWLRQZDWHU SXPSLQJLQ,QGLD´

UHYLHZ

ILQDQFLDOHYDOXDWLRQ

LQYHVWPHQW

>@

³5DPDFKDQGUD79 6KUXWKL%9 ´

³6SDWLDOPDSSLQJRIUHQHZDEOHHQHUJ\ SRWHQWLDO´

HPSLULFDO

SRWHQWLDOPDSSLQJ

>@

³6LQJDO6´

³5HYLHZRIDXJPHQWDWLRQRIHQHUJ\QHHGV XVLQJUHQHZDEOHHQHUJ\VRXUFHVLQ,QGLD´

UHYLHZ

HQHUJ\XVDJH

>@

³&DUROLQPDEHO0 )HUQDQGH](´

³*URZWKDQGIXWXUHWUHQGVRIZLQGHQHUJ\ LQ,QGLD´

UHYLHZ

HQHUJ\XVDJH

>@

³3XURKLW3  0LFKDHORZD$´

³&'0SRWHQWLDORI639SXPSVLQ,QGLD´

UHYLHZ

SRWHQWLDOPDSSLQJ

>@

³%KDWWDFKDU\D6& -DQD&´

³5HQHZDEOHHQHUJ\LQ,QGLD+LVWRULFDO GHYHORSPHQWVDQGSURVSHFWV(QHUJ\´

UHYLHZ

HQHUJ\XVDJH

D>@

³&KDXUH\$  .DQGSDO7&´

³&DUERQDEDWHPHQWSRWHQWLDORIVRODU KRPHV\VWHPVLQ,QGLDDQGWKHLUFRVW UHGXFWLRQGXHWRFDUERQILQDQFH´

UHYLHZ

SURMHFWLRQRI UHGXFWLRQRI&2

E>@

³&KDXUH\$  .DQGSDO7&´

³6RODUODQWHUQVIRUGRPHVWLFOLJKWLQJLQ ,QGLD9LDELOLW\RIFHQWUDOFKDUJLQJVWDWLRQ PRGHO´

UHYLHZ

SRWHQWLDOPDSSLQJ

LQYHVWPHQW SODQQLQJ UHJXODWLRQV

>@

³*RODLW10RKDULO 50 .XONDUQL 36´

³:LQGHOHFWULFSRZHULQWKHZRUOGDQG SHUVSHFWLYHVRILWVGHYHORSPHQWLQ,QGLD´

UHYLHZ

SHUVSHFWLYH

LQYHVWPHQW SODQQLQJ UHJXODWLRQV ILQDQFHV

³'HFHQWUDOLVHGUHQHZDEOHHQHUJ\6FRSH UHOHYDQFHDQGDSSOLFDWLRQVLQWKH,QGLDQ FRQWH[W(QHUJ\IRU6XVWDLQDEOH 'HYHORSPHQW  ±´

UHYLHZ

SHUVSHFWLYH

LQYHVWPHQW SODQQLQJ UHJXODWLRQV

³3URMHFWLQJ,QGLD¶VHQHUJ\UHTXLUHPHQWV IRUSROLF\IRUPXODWLRQ´

HPSLULFDO

SURMHFWLRQIRUSROLF\ IRUPXODWLRQ

LQYHVWPHQW SODQQLQJ ILQDQFLQJ

UHYLHZ

SURMHFWLRQIRUSROLF\ IRUPXODWLRQ

LQYHVWPHQW

UHYLHZ

FRQFHSWXDO IUDPHZRUN

SROLFLHV ,QYHVWPHQWLQWHUHVW LVQRWDGGUHVVHG DGHTXDWHO\ UHJXODWRU\

>@

>@

³+LUHPDWK5% .XPDU% %DODFKDQGUD3 5DYLQGUDQDWK1+ 5DJKXQDQGDQ% 1´ ³3DULNK.6 .DUDQGLNDU9 5DQD$ 'DQL3 ´

>@

³3XURKLW3´

³&2HPLVVLRQVPLWLJDWLRQSRWHQWLDORI VRODUKRPHV\VWHPVXQGHUFOHDQ GHYHORSPHQWPHFKDQLVPLQ,QGLD´

>@

³5DR36& 0LOOHU-%:DQJ <' %\UQH-% ´

³(QHUJ\PLFURILQDQFHLQWHUYHQWLRQIRU EHORZSRYHUW\OLQHKRXVHKROGVLQ,QGLD´

LQYHVWPHQW SODQQLQJ UHJXODWLRQV ILQDQFHV LQYHVWPHQW SODQQLQJ UHJXODWLRQV ILQDQFHV LQYHVWPHQW SODQQLQJ UHJXODWLRQV ILQDQFHV LQYHVWPHQW SODQQLQJ UHJXODWLRQV ILQDQFHV LQYHVWPHQW SODQQLQJ UHJXODWLRQV ILQDQFHV LQYHVWPHQW SODQQLQJ UHJXODWLRQV ILQDQFHV

421

Gyanendra Singh Sisodia and Pragya Singh / Energy Procedia 95 (2016) 416 – 423

>@

³6LQJK$´

³$PDUNHWIRUUHQHZDEOHHQHUJ\FUHGLWVLQ WKH,QGLDQSRZHUVHFWRU´

UHYLHZ

UHJXODWLRQ

>@

³8UEDQ)%HQGHUV 50- 0ROO+ &´

³(QHUJ\IRUUXUDO,QGLD´

UHYLHZ

SRWHQWLDOPDSSLQJ

>@

³%DO/06DW\D 6 1DLN61´

³6RODUGU\HUZLWKWKHUPDOHQHUJ\VWRUDJH V\VWHPVIRUGU\LQJDJULFXOWXUDOIRRG SURGXFWV$UHYLHZ´

UHYLHZ

SRWHQWLDOPDSSLQJ

>@

³%KDQGDUL$.  -DQD&´

³$FRPSDUDWLYHHYDOXDWLRQRIKRXVHKROG SUHIHUHQFHVIRUVRODUSKRWRYROWDLF VWDQGDORQHDQGPLQLJULGV\VWHP$Q HPSLULFDOVWXG\LQDFRDVWDOYLOODJHRI ,QGLDQ6XQGDUEDQ´

HPSLULFDO

FKRLFHPRGHOOLQJ SROLF\GHYHORSPHQW

>@

³0DOODK6  %DQVDO1.´

³5HQHZDEOHHQHUJ\IRUVXVWDLQDEOH HOHFWULFDOHQHUJ\V\VWHPLQ,QGLD´

HPSLULFDO

SRWHQWLDOPDSSLQJ

>@

³3RGH5´

³6ROXWLRQWRHQKDQFHWKHDFFHSWDELOLW\RI VRODUSRZHUHG/('OLJKWLQJWHFKQRORJ\´

UHYLHZ

FKRLFHPRGHOOLQJ SROLF\GHYHORSPHQW

>@

³3XURKLW,  3XURKLW3´

³7HFKQRHFRQRPLFHYDOXDWLRQRI FRQFHQWUDWLQJVRODUSRZHUJHQHUDWLRQLQ ,QGLD´

HPSLULFDO

SRWHQWLDOPDSSLQJ

>@

³%KLGH$  0RQUR\&5´

³(QHUJ\SRYHUW\$VSHFLDOIRFXVRQ HQHUJ\SRYHUW\LQ,QGLDDQGUHQHZDEOH HQHUJ\WHFKQRORJLHV´

UHYLHZ

EDUULHUVLQDGRSWLRQ

>@

³3DULNK-  3DULNK.´

³,QGLD¶VHQHUJ\QHHGVDQGORZFDUERQ RSWLRQV´

UHYLHZ

'HPDQGIRUHFDVWLQJ

>@

³5DPDFKDQGUD7 9-DLQ5  .ULVKQDGDV*´

³+RWVSRWVRIVRODUSRWHQWLDOLQ,QGLD´

UHYLHZ

SRWHQWLDOPDSSLQJ

>@

³0DQL6  'KLQJUD7´

³'LIIXVLRQRILQQRYDWLRQPRGHORI FRQVXPHUEHKDYLRXU±,GHDVWRDFFHOHUDWH DGRSWLRQRIUHQHZDEOHHQHUJ\VRXUFHVE\ FRQVXPHUFRPPXQLWLHVLQ,QGLD´

UHYLHZ

FRQVXPHUEHKDYLRU OLQNDJHVWR UHQHZDEOHHQHUJ\ DGRSWLRQ

>@

³3DQGH\66LQJK 96*DQJZDU1 39LMD\YHUJLD0 03UDNDVK&  3DQGH\'1´

³'HWHUPLQDQWVRIVXFFHVVIRUSURPRWLQJ VRODUHQHUJ\LQ5DMDVWKDQ,QGLD´

>@

³7LPLOVLQD*5 .XUGJHODVKYLOL/ 1DUEHO3D´

³6RODUHQHUJ\0DUNHWVHFRQRPLFVDQG SROLFLHV5HQHZDEOHDQG6XVWDLQDEOH (QHUJ\5HYLHZV  ±´

UHYLHZ

SROLFLHV

>@

³+DULVK60 ,\FKHWWLUD.. 5DJKDYDQ69  .DQGOLNDU0´

³$GRSWLRQRIVRODUKRPHOLJKWLQJV\VWHPV LQ,QGLD:KDWPLJKWZHOHDUQIURP .DUQDWDND"(QHUJ\3ROLF\± ´

4XDOLWDWLYH VWXG\

FRQVXPHULVP

>@

³6LVRGLD*6  *XSWD'´

³&RQFHSWXDO)UDPHZRUNIRUWKHDGRSWLRQ RIVRODUSURGXFWVLQ,QGLD,Q3UHVV$6% ZRUNLQJSDSHU´

UHYLHZ

&RQFHSWXDO IUDPHZRUN

UHYLHZ

SROLFLHV

,QYHVWPHQW YDULDEOHVDUHQRW FOHDU LQYHVWPHQW SODQQLQJ UHJXODWLRQV ILQDQFHV LQYHVWPHQW SODQQLQJ UHJXODWLRQV ILQDQFHV LQYHVWPHQW SODQQLQJ UHJXODWLRQV ILQDQFHV LQYHVWPHQW SODQQLQJ UHJXODWLRQV ILQDQFHV LQYHVWPHQW SODQQLQJ UHJXODWLRQV  ILQDQFHVQRW GLVFXVVHGLQGHWDLO LQYHVWPHQW SODQQLQJ UHJXODWLRQV ILQDQFHV GHWDLOVUHQRW IXUQLVKHGRQ LQYHVWPHQWVDQG SODQQLQJV LQYHVWPHQW SODQQLQJ UHJXODWLRQV ILQDQFHV LQYHVWPHQW SODQQLQJ UHJXODWLRQV ILQDQFHV LQYHVWPHQW SODQQLQJ UHJXODWLRQV ILQDQFHV GHWDLOHG LQYHVWPHQW SROLFLHV GLVWULEXWLRQ GHWDLOVRQ LQYHVWPHQW GHWHUPLQDQWV RSHUDWLRQDOL]DWLRQ GLVWULEXWLRQ GHWDLOVRQ LQYHVWPHQW GHWHUPLQDQWV RSHUDWLRQDOL]DWLRQ GLVWULEXWLRQ GHWDLOVRQ LQYHVWPHQW GHWHUPLQDQWV RSHUDWLRQDOL]DWLRQ GLVWULEXWLRQ

422

Gyanendra Singh Sisodia and Pragya Singh / Energy Procedia 95 (2016) 416 – 423

>@

)RUVWHU5

³/HWWKHUHEH/LJKW«EXWZKDWFRPHV QH[W"&KDQJLQJHQHUJ\QHHGVDQGWKH DELOLW\RIGHFHQWUDOLVHGVRODUHQHUJ\WR SURYLGHVXVWDLQDEOHVROXWLRQVWRXUEDQ VOXPFRPPXQLWLHVLQ%DQJDORUH,QGLD´

4XDOLWDWLYH VWXG\

FRQVXPHULVP

GHWDLOVRQ LQYHVWPHQW GHWHUPLQDQWV RSHUDWLRQDOL]DWLRQ

5HIHUHQFHV >@ /LPLQJ + )LQDQFLQJ UXUDO UHQHZDEOH HQHUJ\ $ FRPSDULVRQ EHWZHHQ &KLQD DQG ,QGLD 5HQHZDEOH DQG 6XVWDLQDEOH (QHUJ\ 5HYLHZV   ± >@ &KDXUH\ $ .DQGSDO 7& 6RODU ODQWHUQV IRU GRPHVWLF OLJKWLQJ LQ ,QGLD 9LDELOLW\ RI FHQWUDO FKDUJLQJ VWDWLRQ PRGHO (QHUJ\ 3ROLF\   ± >@ 5DR 36& 0LOOHU -% :DQJ <' %\UQH -% (QHUJ\PLFURILQDQFH LQWHUYHQWLRQ IRU EHORZ SRYHUW\ OLQH KRXVHKROGV LQ ,QGLD (QHUJ\ 3ROLF\   ± >@ 6LQJK$$PDUNHWIRUUHQHZDEOHHQHUJ\FUHGLWVLQWKH,QGLDQSRZHUVHFWRU5HQHZDEOHDQG6XVWDLQDEOH(QHUJ\5HYLHZV  ±  >@ 3DQGH\ 6 6LQJK 96 *DQJZDU 13 9LMD\YHUJLD 00 3UDNDVK & 3DQGH\ '1 'HWHUPLQDQWV RI VXFFHVV IRU SURPRWLQJ VRODU HQHUJ\ LQ 5DMDVWKDQ,QGLD5HQHZDEOHDQG6XVWDLQDEOH(QHUJ\5HYLHZV  ± >@ 3RKHNDU 6' 5DPDFKDQGUDQ 0 0XOWLFULWHULD HYDOXDWLRQ RI FRRNLQJ HQHUJ\ DOWHUQDWLYHV IRU SURPRWLQJ SDUDEROLF VRODU FRRNHU LQ ,QGLD 5HQHZDEOH(QHUJ\  ± >@ $OWHQEXUJ7(QJHOPHLHU7%RRVWLQJVRODULQYHVWPHQWZLWKOLPLWHGVXEVLGLHV5HQWPDQDJHPHQWDQGSROLF\OHDUQLQJLQ,QGLD(QHUJ\3ROLF\ ± >@ 9HOD\XGKDQ6.'LVVHPLQDWLRQRIVRODUSKRWRYROWDLFVDVWXG\RQWKHJRYHUQPHQWSURJUDPPHWRSURPRWHVRODUODQWHUQLQ,QGLD(QHUJ\3ROLF\   ± >@ 5RJHUV(YHUHWW0'LIIXVLRQRILQQRYDWLRQV1HZ@ 3HWHU5'LFNLH/3HWHU90 $GRSWLRQRISKRWRYROWDLFSRZHUVXSSO\V\VWHPV$VWXG\RI NH\GHWHUPLQDQWVLQ,QGLD5HQHZDEOH(QHUJ\   ± >@ 3RKHNDU6'5DPDFKDQGUDQ00XOWLFULWHULDHYDOXDWLRQRIFRRNLQJGHYLFHVZLWKVSHFLDOUHIHUHQFHWRXWLOLW\RISDUDEROLFVRODUFRRNHU 36&  LQ,QGLD(QHUJ\ í ± >@ %KDQGDUL $. -DQD & $ FRPSDUDWLYH HYDOXDWLRQ RI KRXVHKROG SUHIHUHQFHV IRU VRODU SKRWRYROWDLF VWDQGDORQH DQG PLQLJULG V\VWHP $Q HPSLULFDOVWXG\LQDFRVWDOYLOODJHRI,QGLDQ6XQGDUEDQ5HQHZDEOH(QHUJ\  ± >@ 3RGH 5 6ROXWLRQ WR HQKDQFH WKH DFFHSWDELOLW\ RI VRODUSRZHUHG /(' OLJKWLQJ WHFKQRORJ\ 5HQHZDEOH DQG 6XVWDLQDEOH (QHUJ\ 5HYLHZV   ± >@ %KLGH $ 0RQUR\ &5 (QHUJ\ SRYHUW\ $ VSHFLDO IRFXV RQ HQHUJ\ SRYHUW\ LQ ,QGLD DQG UHQHZDEOH HQHUJ\ WHFKQRORJLHV 5HQHZDEOH DQG 6XVWDLQDEOH(QHUJ\5HYLHZV  ± >@ 0DQL6'KLQJUD7'LIIXVLRQRILQQRYDWLRQPRGHORIFRQVXPHUEHKDYLRXU±,GHDVWRDFFHOHUDWHDGRSWLRQRIUHQHZDEOHHQHUJ\VRXUFHVE\ FRQVXPHUFRPPXQLWLHVLQ,QGLD5HQHZDEOH(QHUJ\  ± >@ +DULVK 60 ,\FKHWWLUD .. 5DJKDYDQ 69 .DQGOLNDU 0 $GRSWLRQ RI VRODU KRPH OLJKWLQJ V\VWHPV LQ ,QGLD :KDW PLJKW ZH OHDUQ IURP .DUQDWDND"(QHUJ\3ROLF\± >@ 6RYDFRRO%./DNVKPL5DWDQ3&RQFHSWXDOL]LQJWKHDFFHSWDQFHRIZLQGDQGVRODUHOHFWULFLW\5HQHZDEOHDQG6XVWDLQDEOH(QHUJ\5HYLHZV   ± >@ )RUVWHU 5  /HW WKHUH EH /LJKW« EXW ZKDW FRPHV QH[W" &KDQJLQJ HQHUJ\ QHHGV DQG WKH DELOLW\ RI GHFHQWUDOLVHG VRODU HQHUJ\ WR SURYLGH VXVWDLQDEOH VROXWLRQV WR XUEDQ VOXP FRPPXQLWLHV LQ %DQJDORUH ,QGLD (GLQEXUJK UHVHDUFK DUFKLYH  $YDLODEOH KWWSVZZZHUDOLEHGDFXNKDQGOH>@ >@ .DSRRU . 3DQGH\ .. -DLQ $. 1DQGDQ $ (YROXWLRQ RI VRODU HQHUJ\ LQ ,QGLD $ UHYLHZ 5HQHZDEOH DQG 6XVWDLQDEOH (QHUJ\ 5HYLHZV í >@ 'QD+RPH'LOLJHQW0HGLD&RUSRUDWLRQ/LPLWHG$YDLODEOHZZZGQDLQGLDFRPGDWHG>@ >@ 0DGKX63D\DO6$5HYLHZRI:LQG(QHUJ\6FHQDULRLQ,QGLD,QWHUQDWLRQDO-RXUQDORI(QYLURQPHQWDO6FLHQFHVí >@ .XPDU$.XPDU1%DUHGDU36KXNOD$$UHYLHZRQELRPDVVHQHUJ\UHVRXUFHVSRWHQWLDOFRQYHUVLRQDQGSROLF\LQ,QGLD5HQHZDEOHDQG 6XVWDLQDEOH(QHUJ\5HYLHZVí >@ *DUJ+3.KDV+3HUJDPRQ6± >@ 6XJDQWKL/:LOOLDPV$5HQHZDEOHHQHUJ\LQ,QGLDDPRGHOOLQJVWXG\IRU±(QHUJ\3ROLF\  ± >@ %DQHUMHH5&RPSDULVRQRIRSWLRQVIRUGLVWULEXWHGJHQHUDWLRQLQ,QGLD(QHUJ\3ROLF\  ± >@ &KDQGUDVHNDU%.DQGSDO7&$QRSLQLRQVXUYH\EDVHGDVVHVVPHQWRIUHQHZDEOHHQHUJ\WHFKQRORJ\GHYHORSPHQWLQ,QGLD5HQHZDEOHDQG 6XVWDLQDEOH(QHUJ\5HYLHZV  ± >@ 3XURKLW3)LQDQFLDOHYDOXDWLRQRIUHQHZDEOHHQHUJ\WHFKQRORJLHVIRULUULJDWLRQZDWHUSXPSLQJLQ,QGLD(QHUJ\3ROLF\  ± >@ 5DPDFKDQGUD76KUXWKL%6SDWLDOPDSSLQJRIUHQHZDEOHHQHUJ\SRWHQWLDO5HQHZDEOHDQG6XVWDLQDEOH(QHUJ\5HYLHZV  ±  >@ 6LQJDO65HYLHZRIDXJPHQWDWLRQRIHQHUJ\QHHGVXVLQJUHQHZDEOHHQHUJ\VRXUFHVLQ,QGLD5HQHZDEOHDQG6XVWDLQDEOH(QHUJ\5HYLHZV   ±

Gyanendra Singh Sisodia and Pragya Singh / Energy Procedia 95 (2016) 416 – 423 >@ &DUROLQPDEHO 0 )HUQDQGH] ( *URZWK DQG IXWXUH WUHQGV RI ZLQG HQHUJ\ LQ ,QGLD 5HQHZDEOH DQG 6XVWDLQDEOH (QHUJ\ 5HYLHZV   ± >@ 3XURKLW30LFKDHORZD$&'0SRWHQWLDORI639SXPSVLQ,QGLD5HQHZDEOHDQG6XVWDLQDEOH(QHUJ\5HYLHZV  ± >@ %KDWWDFKDU\D6&-DQD&5HQHZDEOHHQHUJ\LQ,QGLD+LVWRULFDOGHYHORSPHQWVDQGSURVSHFWV(QHUJ\  ± >@ &KDXUH\$.DQGSDO7&&DUERQDEDWHPHQWSRWHQWLDORIVRODUKRPHV\VWHPVLQ,QGLDDQGWKHLUFRVWUHGXFWLRQGXHWRFDUERQILQDQFH(QHUJ\ 3ROLF\  ± >@ *RODLW10RKDULO50.XONDUQL36:LQGHOHFWULFSRZHULQWKHZRUOGDQGSHUVSHFWLYHVRILWVGHYHORSPHQWLQ,QGLD5HQHZDEOHDQG6XVWDLQDEOH (QHUJ\5HYLHZV  ± >@ +LUHPDWK 5% .XPDU % %DODFKDQGUD 3 5DYLQGUDQDWK 1+  5DJKXQDQGDQ %1 'HFHQWUDOLVHG UHQHZDEOH HQHUJ\ 6FRSH UHOHYDQFH DQG DSSOLFDWLRQVLQWKH,QGLDQFRQWH[W(QHUJ\IRU6XVWDLQDEOH'HYHORSPHQW  ± >@ /LPLQJ+$VWXG\RI&KLQD±,QGLDFRRSHUDWLRQLQUHQHZDEOHHQHUJ\ILHOG5HQHZDEOHDQG6XVWDLQDEOH(QHUJ\5HYLHZV  ±  >@ 3DULNK.6.DUDQGLNDU95DQD$'DQL33URMHFWLQJ,QGLD¶VHQHUJ\UHTXLUHPHQWVIRUSROLF\IRUPXODWLRQ(QHUJ\  ± >@ 3XURKLW3&2HPLVVLRQVPLWLJDWLRQSRWHQWLDORIVRODUKRPHV\VWHPVXQGHUFOHDQGHYHORSPHQWPHFKDQLVPLQ,QGLD(QHUJ\  ±  >@ 8UEDQ)%HQGHUV50-0ROO+&(QHUJ\IRUUXUDO,QGLD$SSOLHG(QHUJ\6±6 >@ %DO/06DW\D61DLN616RODUGU\HUZLWKWKHUPDOHQHUJ\VWRUDJHV\VWHPVIRUGU\LQJDJULFXOWXUDOIRRGSURGXFWV$UHYLHZ5HQHZDEOHDQG 6XVWDLQDEOH(QHUJ\5HYLHZV  ± >@ 0DOODK6%DQVDO1.5HQHZDEOHHQHUJ\IRUVXVWDLQDEOHHOHFWULFDOHQHUJ\V\VWHPLQ,QGLD(QHUJ\3ROLF\  ± >@ 3XURKLW,3XURKLW37HFKQRHFRQRPLFHYDOXDWLRQRIFRQFHQWUDWLQJVRODUSRZHUJHQHUDWLRQLQ,QGLD(QHUJ\3ROLF\  ± >@ 3DULNK-3DULNK.,QGLD¶VHQHUJ\QHHGVDQGORZFDUERQRSWLRQV(QHUJ\  ± >@ 5DPDFKDQGUD79-DLQ5.ULVKQDGDV*+RWVSRWVRIVRODUSRWHQWLDOLQ,QGLD5HQHZDEOHDQG6XVWDLQDEOH(QHUJ\5HYLHZV  ±  >@ 7LPLOVLQD*5.XUGJHODVKYLOL/1DUEHO3$6RODUHQHUJ\0DUNHWVHFRQRPLFVDQGSROLFLHV5HQHZDEOHDQG6XVWDLQDEOH(QHUJ\5HYLHZV   ± >@ 6LVRGLD *6 *XSWD ' &RQFHSWXDO )UDPHZRUN IRU WKH $GRSWLRQ RI 6RODU (QHUJ\ 3URGXFWV LQ ,QGLD 8QSXEOLVKHG SDSHU DFFHSWHG DV $6% ZRUNLQJSDSHU  ,QSUHVV  >@ 6LVRGLD *6 6RDUHV , %DQHUML 6 3RHO '9' 7KH 6WDWXV RI (QHUJ\ 3ULFH 0RGHOOLQJ DQG LWV 5HOHYDQFH WR 0DUNHWLQJ LQ (PHUJLQJ (FRQRPLHV(QHUJ\3URFHGLDí >@ %HORERURGNR$5RPDJQROL)5RVD0'LVDQWR&6DOLPEHQL5.DUOVHQ(1%OXPEHUJD'6:27$QDO\VLV$SSURDFKIRU$GYDQFHPHQWRI :DVWHWRHQHUJ\&OXVWHULQ/DWYLD(QHUJ\3URFHGLDí >@ 3DWXUVND$5HSHOH0%D]EDXHUV*(FRQRPLFDVVHVVPHQWRIELRPHWKDQHVXSSO\V\VWHPEDVHGRQQDWXUDOJDVLQIUDVWUXFWXUH(QHUJ\3URFHGLD í >@ .LSUXVKNLQD (, %DUDQHQNR '$ ,QFUHDVLQJ RI IRRG DQG ELRHQHUJ\ SRWDWR UHVRXUFHV E\ PLFURELDO LQIOXHQFH RQ WXEHUV SK\WRKRUPRQDO VWDWXV(QYLURQPHQWDODQG&OLPDWH7HFKQRORJLHV  í



423