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Use of gas lenses for guiding laser beams in light pipes
Classified
abstracts
733-746
ceramic compounds for use as “solders” and their use in making ceramic-metal seals for vacuum applications. Preparation of seals by using porous iron with a metallic filler have also been tried. Tests carried out with lead impregnated porous iron were found to make good seals which withstood several temperature cycles from (USSR) 480 to 680°C. V N Eremenko, Powder Metallurgy, (3). 1965, 42, (in Russian).
carried out in a residual pressure of <2 x 1OV torr. It was found that 6 dropped smoothly after some 20 hr bombardment, the rate of change being found to depend on the incident electron current density and on the temperature of the cathode. The temperature effect was found to be the greater. A proposal is given that the decrease of CLis due to oxide dissociation and hence gradual removal from the cathode surface. (USSR) V A Alekseev and V N Lepesbinskaia, Electronics, IO (3)) 1965,584, (in Russian).
III. Vacuum
applications
30. Evaporati0.n
and properties
34
of dielectric
films. See abstract
number 714. 30 : 23 contacts with
30 : 51 operating at 9 Gc/s. See abstract number 75 1.
generator
30 : 56 Design of thin-film’microcircuits.
See abstract number 754.
30 733. Vacuum
vapour
deposition
of
plutonium
onto
aluminium.
(USA)
A technique was developed for depositing plutonium-239 coatings up to 100~ thick on aluminium sheet. The deposition system was an electron beam vacuum evaporator. Of several crucible materials evaluated, tantalum-O.1 per cent tungsten was the most satisfactory material for containing the plutonium vapour source. The essential feature of the deposition process was a controlled sequence of substrate temperatures and evaporation rates. The average experimental rates of evaporation of plutonium agreed well with theoretical values, but wetting of the crucible resulted in scattering of the data. The aluminum-plutonium bond area was examined metallographically to determine the factors which influenced the adherence of the deposit. Insufficient reaction as well as excessive reaction between the substrate and the coating resulted in poor adherence. (Authors) (USA,’ D L Coffey and P A Tucker, J Vat Sri & Tech, 1 (2). Nov-Dee 1964,5/. 734. Survey of measures thin films. (German)>)
for the determination
of the thickness
30 of
of thickness
737. Testing a satellite.
(Germany)
To guarantee proper performance of a satellite, it is required that, first of all, individual components and later the complete satellite be tested under environmental conditions. The most important of these conditions are those of vacuum and temperature. lnvestigations of the satellite are being performed in space simulators. The most important components of the satellite are tested in so-called component chambers. Material testing takes a broader range. Demands on the simulation degree are quite different. Friction and material tests in particular often require extremely good vacua. The temperature which the complete satellite sees in space is tested in so-called thermal space chambers. In these space chambers influences on the satellite temperature are simulated. Since it is impossible to fully simulate space conditions in the space simulation chamber, differences caused by the incomplete simulation are estimated. (Germany) (Author) M von Wutz, Vakuum-Tech, 14 (2), March 1965,33. 37. Metallurgy,
inorganic
chemistry,
analytical
738. Machining difficult materials-titanium alloys. Anon, Metal Prog, 87 (2)) FeD 1965,84&?9.
IV. Materials and techniques technology
(USA)
used in vacuum
40. Gases and vapours
of selectively
built epitaxial
30 films.
Mass filter studies of gases in a 90-litre See abstract number 748.
getter-ion
vacuum
40 A P Malinauskos,
J Chem Phys, 42 (I),
(USA) Jan 1965, 156-159. 40
740. Electron-impact spectra. (USA) A Skerbele and E N Lessettre, J Chem Phys, 395-401.
42 (I),
L A Laukmanis, Proceedings of the Latvian SSR Sciences, Series of Physical and Engineering Sciences, fin Russian)
742. Fragment ions from CH,CHO and (CH,)CO impact. (USA) F H Dorman, J Chem Phys, 42 (I), Jan 1965.65-68.
33. General physics and electronics 33 : 51 Use of gas lenses for guiding laser beams in light pipes. See abstract
number 750. 33 : 56 number 755. 33 : 56 The channel electron multiplier. See abstract number 756. 33 736. Study of secondary-emission characteristics of oxide-coated cathodes.
in magnetohydrodynamics.
See abstract
(USSR)
A study of the effect of prolonged electron bombardment on the secondary electron emission coefficient, 6, of oxide-coated cathodes. Electron currents of 50-100 mA/cm3 were used. The work was
Jan 1965,
40 of ethyl formate.
741. Two metastable peaks in the mass spectrum (USA) W Sonneveld, J Chem Phys. 42 (2)) Jan 1965,806.
Academy of 2, 1965, 72,
system.
739. The systems He-Ar, Ar-Xe, and He-Xe.
A method for following the growth of epitaxial layers by “marking” the substrate surface is described and its advantages discussed. Work was carried out with epitaxial films of germanium up to 1 p thick using silicon oxide as the “mark’. (USSR)
Experiments
chemistry 37
40 : 47 : 51
This paper is a short review of the different methods for determining the thickness of thin films, especially for those prepared by vacuum evaporation. Because of the large number of methods possible, a selection was made. The methods chosen have been grouped, as far as possible, discussed and compared in a table. (Authors) (Germany) H von Pulker and E Ritter, Vakuum-Tech, 14 (4)) May 1965, 91. 735. Measurement ( USSR)
and
34. High altitude and space technology
A simple method of realization of reliable electrical conducting and semiconducting films. See abstract number 73 I. Acoustical
Engineering
and sputtering 30 : 13
Structure
Radio
40 by electron
40 743. Excitation of methane, ethane, ethylene, propylene, acetylene, propyne and 1-hutyne by low-energy electron beams. (USA) C R Bowman and W D Miller, J Chem Phys, 42 (2). Jan 1965, 681-686. 40 744. Relative intensities of Lyman-Birge-Hoprield bands in electron impact spectrum of nitrogen. (USA) E N Lessettre, V D Meyer and M S Longmire, J Chem Phys, 42 (2)) Jan 1965,807~809. 40 745. Ionization and excitation of argon with alpha particles. (USA) G S Hurst et al, J Chem Phys, 42 (2). Jan 1965, 713-719. 40 746. Observation of the products of ionic collision processes and ion
429
abstracts
733-746
ceramic compounds for use as “solders” and their use in making ceramic-metal seals for vacuum applications. Preparation of seals by using porous iron with a metallic filler have also been tried. Tests carried out with lead impregnated porous iron were found to make good seals which withstood several temperature cycles from (USSR) 480 to 680°C. V N Eremenko, Powder Metallurgy, (3). 1965, 42, (in Russian).
carried out in a residual pressure of <2 x 1OV torr. It was found that 6 dropped smoothly after some 20 hr bombardment, the rate of change being found to depend on the incident electron current density and on the temperature of the cathode. The temperature effect was found to be the greater. A proposal is given that the decrease of CLis due to oxide dissociation and hence gradual removal from the cathode surface. (USSR) V A Alekseev and V N Lepesbinskaia, Electronics, IO (3)) 1965,584, (in Russian).
III. Vacuum
applications
30. Evaporati0.n
and properties
34
of dielectric
films. See abstract
number 714. 30 : 23 contacts with
30 : 51 operating at 9 Gc/s. See abstract number 75 1.
generator
30 : 56 Design of thin-film’microcircuits.
See abstract number 754.
30 733. Vacuum
vapour
deposition
of
plutonium
onto
aluminium.
(USA)
A technique was developed for depositing plutonium-239 coatings up to 100~ thick on aluminium sheet. The deposition system was an electron beam vacuum evaporator. Of several crucible materials evaluated, tantalum-O.1 per cent tungsten was the most satisfactory material for containing the plutonium vapour source. The essential feature of the deposition process was a controlled sequence of substrate temperatures and evaporation rates. The average experimental rates of evaporation of plutonium agreed well with theoretical values, but wetting of the crucible resulted in scattering of the data. The aluminum-plutonium bond area was examined metallographically to determine the factors which influenced the adherence of the deposit. Insufficient reaction as well as excessive reaction between the substrate and the coating resulted in poor adherence. (Authors) (USA,’ D L Coffey and P A Tucker, J Vat Sri & Tech, 1 (2). Nov-Dee 1964,5/. 734. Survey of measures thin films. (German)>)
for the determination
of the thickness
30 of
of thickness
737. Testing a satellite.
(Germany)
To guarantee proper performance of a satellite, it is required that, first of all, individual components and later the complete satellite be tested under environmental conditions. The most important of these conditions are those of vacuum and temperature. lnvestigations of the satellite are being performed in space simulators. The most important components of the satellite are tested in so-called component chambers. Material testing takes a broader range. Demands on the simulation degree are quite different. Friction and material tests in particular often require extremely good vacua. The temperature which the complete satellite sees in space is tested in so-called thermal space chambers. In these space chambers influences on the satellite temperature are simulated. Since it is impossible to fully simulate space conditions in the space simulation chamber, differences caused by the incomplete simulation are estimated. (Germany) (Author) M von Wutz, Vakuum-Tech, 14 (2), March 1965,33. 37. Metallurgy,
inorganic
chemistry,
analytical
738. Machining difficult materials-titanium alloys. Anon, Metal Prog, 87 (2)) FeD 1965,84&?9.
IV. Materials and techniques technology
(USA)
used in vacuum
40. Gases and vapours
of selectively
built epitaxial
30 films.
Mass filter studies of gases in a 90-litre See abstract number 748.
getter-ion
vacuum
40 A P Malinauskos,
J Chem Phys, 42 (I),
(USA) Jan 1965, 156-159. 40
740. Electron-impact spectra. (USA) A Skerbele and E N Lessettre, J Chem Phys, 395-401.
42 (I),
L A Laukmanis, Proceedings of the Latvian SSR Sciences, Series of Physical and Engineering Sciences, fin Russian)
742. Fragment ions from CH,CHO and (CH,)CO impact. (USA) F H Dorman, J Chem Phys, 42 (I), Jan 1965.65-68.
33. General physics and electronics 33 : 51 Use of gas lenses for guiding laser beams in light pipes. See abstract
number 750. 33 : 56 number 755. 33 : 56 The channel electron multiplier. See abstract number 756. 33 736. Study of secondary-emission characteristics of oxide-coated cathodes.
in magnetohydrodynamics.
See abstract
(USSR)
A study of the effect of prolonged electron bombardment on the secondary electron emission coefficient, 6, of oxide-coated cathodes. Electron currents of 50-100 mA/cm3 were used. The work was
Jan 1965,
40 of ethyl formate.
741. Two metastable peaks in the mass spectrum (USA) W Sonneveld, J Chem Phys. 42 (2)) Jan 1965,806.
Academy of 2, 1965, 72,
system.
739. The systems He-Ar, Ar-Xe, and He-Xe.
A method for following the growth of epitaxial layers by “marking” the substrate surface is described and its advantages discussed. Work was carried out with epitaxial films of germanium up to 1 p thick using silicon oxide as the “mark’. (USSR)
Experiments
chemistry 37
40 : 47 : 51
This paper is a short review of the different methods for determining the thickness of thin films, especially for those prepared by vacuum evaporation. Because of the large number of methods possible, a selection was made. The methods chosen have been grouped, as far as possible, discussed and compared in a table. (Authors) (Germany) H von Pulker and E Ritter, Vakuum-Tech, 14 (4)) May 1965, 91. 735. Measurement ( USSR)
and
34. High altitude and space technology
A simple method of realization of reliable electrical conducting and semiconducting films. See abstract number 73 I. Acoustical
Engineering
and sputtering 30 : 13
Structure
Radio
40 by electron
40 743. Excitation of methane, ethane, ethylene, propylene, acetylene, propyne and 1-hutyne by low-energy electron beams. (USA) C R Bowman and W D Miller, J Chem Phys, 42 (2). Jan 1965, 681-686. 40 744. Relative intensities of Lyman-Birge-Hoprield bands in electron impact spectrum of nitrogen. (USA) E N Lessettre, V D Meyer and M S Longmire, J Chem Phys, 42 (2)) Jan 1965,807~809. 40 745. Ionization and excitation of argon with alpha particles. (USA) G S Hurst et al, J Chem Phys, 42 (2). Jan 1965, 713-719. 40 746. Observation of the products of ionic collision processes and ion
429