Volume 15F, 1981 list of contents and author index

SOCIAL

SCIENCE & MEDICINE on internotionol

PART

MEDICAL

F

8c SOCIAL

VOLUME LIST OF CONTENTS

PERGAMON OXFORD

journol

ETHICS

15F, 1981 AND AUTHOR

PRESS

* NEW YORK - TORONTO PARIS - FRANKFURT

- SYDNEY

INDEX

SOCIAL

SCIENCE

& MEDICINE

Editor-in-Chief (Parts A-F) PETER J. M. McEWAN Glengarden, Ballater, Aberdeenshire AB3 5UB, Scotland Senior Editors Part B

Part A

.Wedical

Medical Sociology PETER

Anti7ropolop~~

CHARLESLESLIE University of Delaware Newark, DE 1971 I, U.S.A.

J. M. M&WAN

Part C Medical Economics

Part D

DAVID DUNLOP Department of Community and Family Medicine Dartmouth Medical School Hanover, NH 03755, U.S.A.

.Medical Geograph_tB

GERALD F. PYLE Department of Geography & Earth Science University of Carolina at Charlotte UNCC Station Charlotte, NC 28213, U.S.A.

Part E

Part F

Medical Psychology

,bfedical Erhies

PETER J. M. MCEWAN

PETER J. M. MCEWAN Book Reviews

JOHN STOECKLE,Massachusetts A. Antonovsky, Beer-Sheva, Israel F. J. Bennett, Nairobi, Kenya E. Hoist, Inst. of Social Medicine, Copenhagen, Denmark R. Illsley, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland

General Hospital, Boston, Regional Editors M. Knobel, SHo Paulo, Brazil D. Maddison, University of Newcastle, Australia A. Mathe, Paris, France D. McQueen, Baltimore, U.S.A. Venkoba Rao, Madurai, India 1. Sieerist. MarburaiLahn. West Germany -’

MA 02114, U.S.A. M. Sokolowska, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland A. 4. Strauss, San Francisco, CA, U.S.A. E. D. Wittkouer, Montreal, Quebec, Canada M. Yamamoto,

Tokyo, Japan

Advisory Editors I. S. Ak$el. Capa-Istnnbul. Turkey D. Armstrong, London, England R. Badgley, Toronto, Canada C. R. Bagley, Calgary. Canada F. Barnaby, Stockholm, SHeden (3. Beck. Saskatchewan, Canada S. Boyden, Canberra, Australia D. Callahan. Hastings-on-Hudson. U.S.A. J. Campos. Barcelona, Spain Lucv Cohen. Washington,,S~.A~.A. S. H. Croog, Hartford, U D. D. Daskalov. Sofia, BIllgaria J. H. Davis, Washington U.S.A. A. El-Koussy. Giza..Egy-*‘V. H. J. Engelhardt, Washi twton. _ U.S.A. 1. Fletcher, Belmont. U.S.A. Rcnee C. Fox. Philadelphia, U.S.A. A. 1. Gcbert, Bern. Swit7ertand ..-__.-..rM. Gclfand. Salisbur) I, Zimbabwe J. Girt, Ottawa, Canaua>_ S. Graham, Buffalo, U.S.A.. J.-P. Harroy, Brussels, Belgium

M. Jahoda. Hassocks. England M. Jelferys; London, g”gi&d 0. Kuty, Libge. Belgium T. A. Lambo, WHO, Switzerland A. Learmonth, Milton Keynes, England L. Levi, Stockholm, Sweden P. Leyhausen. Wuppcrtal. West Germany K. Lissak, Pea, Hungary F. M. Mbwu, Nairobi, Kenya E. Mcndelsohn. Cambridge, U.S.A. 1. J. Menges. Amsterdam, The Netherlands V. Milanovic. Belgrade. Yugoslavia F. J. W. Miller. Newcastle-upon-Tyne, England G. Mooney, Aberdeen, Scotland I. K. Myers, New Haven, U.S.A. V. Olesen, San Francisco, U.S.A. C. M. Parkes, London. England 1. Polunin, Outram Hill, Singapore J. Powles. Victoria. Australia G. C. Reader,, New York. U.S.A. B. Ritson, Edtnburgh, Scotland

B. L. Sadler. La Jolla, U.S.A. F. T. Sai. Accra. Ghana M. Sakamoto-tiomlyama. Tokyo, Japan 1. T. Sanders. Boston, U.S.A. J. Shuval. Jerusalem, Israel K. Singer, Pokfulam, Hong Kong T. Sjovall. Stockholm, Sweden A. Smith, Manchester. England H. Smith, Dxham, U.S.A. R. Squier, Hailsham. England M. Stacey, Coventry, England J. Stromberg, Denver. U.S.A. G. Teeling-Smith. London, England A. C. Twaddle, Columbia, U.S.A. P. Unschuld, Munich. West Germany Y. Verhasselt. Brussels, Belgium H. Waitrkin, Oakland. U.S.A. A. F. Wessen, Providence, U.S.A. K. Winter, Berlin, East Germany P. N. Wood. Manchester. England A. Young. Cleveland. U.S.A. I. C. Young, Leicester, England I. K. Zola, Waltham. U.S.A.

Published 26 rimes a yew. Published by the Journals Productmn Unit, Hennock Road. Marsh Barton, Exe&, Devon EX2 ERP. England (Tel. Exeter (0392) 51558; Telex 42749) Adwrtising O&e: Pergamon Press Ltd. Headington Hill Hall, Oxford, OX3 OBW, England (Te/. Oxford 64881) American Ofice: Maxwell House. Fairview Park, Elmsford. New York 10523. U.S.A. Annual Subscriprion Rates 1981 (including postage and insurance): For Libraries, University Departments, Government Laboratories, Industrial and other multiple-reader Institutions-US 5450.00 per annum; 2 years-US $855.00 (Combined subscription Parts A-F): Part A (Medical Sociology), Part B (Medical Anthropology). Part C (Medical Economics), Part D (Medical Geography). Part E (Medico/ Psychology), Part F (Medical Ethics). Part F (Medical Ethics) is available separately to fprmer subscribers to Ethics in Science & Medicine-US S65.00 per annum; 2-years-US $123.50. Specially reduced rows lo Indiiciduals: In the interests of maximizing the dissemination of the research results published in this inwortant international journal we have established a two-tier price structure. Any individual whose institution takes out a library subscription may purchase a second or additional subscription to Parts A-F for personal use at a much reduced rate of US $90.00. Subscriprion enquiries from cusromerr in North Am&co should be sent to: Pergamon Press Inc., Maxwell House. Fairview Park, Elmsford. NY 10523, U.S.A. and the remainder o/the world to: Pergamon Press Ltd. Headington Hill Hall. Oxford, OX3 OBW, England. Microform Subscriptions and Back Issues: Back Issues of all previously published volumes are available in the regular editions and on microfilm and microfiche. Current subscriptions are available on microfiche simultaneously with the paper edition and microfilm on completion of the annual index at the end of the subscription year.

Copyrighr @ 1981 Pergamon Press Lfd It is a condition

of publication that manuscripts submitted to this journal have not been published and will not be simultaneously submitted or published elsewhere. By submitting a manuscript, the authors agree that the copyright for their article is transferred to the publisher if and when the article is accepted for publication. However, assignment ofcopyright is not required from authors who work for organizations which do not permit such assignment. The copyright covers the exclusive rights to reproduce and distribute the article, including reprints, photographic reproductions. microform or any other reproductions of similar nature and translations. No part of this publication may be reproduce& stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means. electronic. electrostatic, magnetic tape. mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without permission in writing from the copyright holder. U.S. Copyright Law applicable to users in the U.S.A. The Article Fee Code on the first page of an article in this journal indicates the copyright owner’s consent that in the U.S.A., copses may be made for personal or internal use provided the stated fee for copying, beyond that permItted by Section 107 or 108 of the United States Copyright Law, is paid. The appropriate remittance should be forwarded with a copy of the first page of the article to the Copyright Clearance Center Inc., 21 Congress Street, Salem, MA 01970. If a code does not appear, copies of the article may be made without charge, provided permlssion is obtained from the publisher. The copyright owner’s consent does not extend 10 copying for general distribution, for promotion. for creating new works or for resale. Specific written permission must he obtamed from the publisher for such copying. In case of doubt please contact your nearest Pergamon office.

CONTENTS VOLUME SPECIAL

THE

ETHICS

15

ISSUE:

OF PSYCHOLOGICAL

RESEARCH

Number 1

J. D. KEEHN: Introduction

1

Part I. General ethical considerations

D. E. BLACKMAN: Some recent ethical concerns JERI A. SECHZER: Historical States

issues concerning

of psychologists

animal

experimentation

in the United 13

GRAHAM F. REED: On being moral H. A. BASSFORD: The moral

in immoral

role differentiation

places

19

of experimental

psychologists

Part II. On research with special populations DAVID L. WIESENTHAL: Sweating at night: some ethical paradoxes psychological research

W. ANTHONY NORTON: Ethics, and the work of psychologists justice

considerations

confronting

27

social

33

in the field of criminal

39

on higher animals

51

in the aversive control of behaviour

61

MICHAEL W. Ross: The ethics of experiments HANK DAVIS: Ethical

3

in Britain

Part III. On applications of scient$c knowledge NANCY K. INNIS: Ethics of behavior modification: behavioral D. ADRIAN WILKINSON: Legal and ethical

implications

and medical psychology

of treatment

of minors

69 75

Part IV. Morality as an experimental subject

J. D. KEEHN: To do or not to do: dimensions with animal Numbers

and human

of value and morality

in experiments

subjects

81

213

Editorial Comments ALONZO L. PLOUGH: Medical clinical legitimation HARVEY D. LOMAS: Paternalism:

85 technology

and the crisis of experience:

89 medical

or otherwise

103

JACKOR M. NAJMAN and SOL LEVINE: Evaluating the impact technologies on the quality of life: a review and critique HELGA KUHSE: Extraordinary

the costs of

means and the intentional

of medical

termination

care and

107 of life

117

Book Reviews WILLIAM A. AYER : The social context of denristry, by Peter Davis

123

KENNETH

BRUMMEL-SMITH : Family medicine: the medical fife histories by F. J. A. Huygen Dekker and Van De Vegt NijMeggen

of ,ftimiIies,

123

RAYMOND T. GARZAand HOWARDS. FRIEDMAN:Conrmunity psychology: theoretical undempiricalupproaches, edited by Margaret S. Gibbs, Juliana Rasic Lachenmeyer and Janet Sigal ALLAN

YOUNG:Patients and healers in the context

borderland Number

between anthropology,

of culture:

medicine, uncf psychiatr.l.,

an exploration

124

of the

by Arthur Kleinman

124

4 SPEClAL

ETHICAL

ASPECTS

ISSUE:

OF ACCESS TO MEDICAL

CARE

MICHAELB. KLEIMAN: Introduction

127

NORMANDANIELS:What is the obligation of the medical profession in the distribution of health care ?

129

DAVIDT. OZAR: Justice and a universal right to basic health care

135

JAMESM. HUMBER: The involuntary persons

143

commitment

and treatment of mentally ill

NORAK. BELL: Triage in medical practices :-an unacceptable model ?

151

CAROLINEL. KAUFMANN:The right to health care: some cross-national comparisons and U.S. trends in policy

157

CLIFTONPERRY:The right of public access to cadaver organs

163

AUTHOR INDEX

Ayer W. A. 123 (BR)

Innis N. K. 69

Plough A. L. 89

Bassford H. A. 27 Bell N. K. 151 Blackman D. E. 3 Brumnel-Smith K. 123 (BR)

Kaufmann C. L. 157 Keehn J. D. 1, 81 Kuhse H. 117

Ross M. W. 51 Reed 6. F. 19

Daniels N. 129 Davis H. 61 Friedman

H. S. 124 (BR)

Levine S. 107 Lomas H. D. 103 Najman Norton

J. M. 107 W. A. 39

Garza R. T. 124 (BR)

Otar D. T. 135

Humber

Perry C. 163

J. M. 143

Sechzer

J. A. 13

Wiesenthal D. L. 33 Wilkinson D. A. 75 Young A. 125 (BR)

(BR) = Book Review