- Email: [email protected]
Word expert parsing: An approach to text parsing with a distributed lexical grammar
Decision support systems reports and theses: Abstracts
children - the revenue constraint in the combined tax-transfer structure, and for job-conditioned programs - the overall cost of support to the working and non-working poor. (3) In each example, choosing among income maintenance alternatives required a broader view of goals. For the elderly we emphasized the costs in terms of the replacement rate adequacy of a given reduction in poverty, as well as the tradeoff between marginal tax rates on the poor and replacement rate adequacy at the top; for CAs, the progressivity and disincentive levels inherent in the overall tax structure; and for job-conditioned programs, the guarantees to both the non-working and the working poor. (4) In each example the traditional use of the target efficiency measure in comparing income maintenance strategies was misleading. Yet, both real and budgetary efficiency ratios may be relevant in comparing programs. (5) As these efficiency ratios are a function of program specification and size, a range of estimates for each strategy are required rather than a single specification. Ideally, strategies should be compared on the basis of the efficiency frontiers. (6) The best manner of comparing programs depends in part on the nature of the budget constraints. If they are equivalent across programs, one can best compare programs for equal poverty reduction and then consider the real costs implicit in the differences in program impacts and in the budgetary burden on taxpayers. (7) When budget constraints differ, one needs to compare programs with different degrees of poverty reduction. The difference in poverty reduction may have to be traded off against other program advantages. (8) Neither budgetary nor real efficiency ratios constitute a sufficient basis for comparing programs when budgetary constraints differ across programs. (9) In each case the selective approach, despite its a priori appeal, was shown to be necessarily more efficient when an appropriate comparative framework was established. Author's Abstract
85
Udo Hahn and Ulrich Reimer, Word expert parsing: An approach to text parsing with a distributed lexical grammar, TOPIC-6 / 83, Universitaet
Konstanz, Projekt Informations-Vermittlung, Konstanz, FRG (1983). TOPIC, a knowledge-based text analysis system for automatic summarization of German language texts, will be described with regard to its parsing devices which are based on the word expert model. The word expert parser currently under development is especially tuned to incorporate local cohesion and global coherence properties of expository texts as well as strategic requirements of variabledepth analysis of full texts. The technical description of corresponding text parsing procedures will be two-fold, first regarding word experts from a declarative point of view as basic organizational units of a distributed text grammar while from a procedural perspective the word expert system is considered as a highly modularized text parser. Author's Abstract
Udo Hahn and Ulrich Reimer, Heuristic text parsing in TOPIC: Methodological issues in a knowledge-based text condensation system. TOPIC-5/83,
Universitaet Konstanz, Projekt InformationsVermittlung, Konstanz, FRG (1983). TOPIC, a knowledge-based .system for text condensation and information management, is introduced with emphasis on its text parsing devices which take into account specific requirements applying to the analysis of full texts, the generation of condensates (abstracting), and various interactive graphical facilities for text information management. The text parser under development consists of a word expert system operating on a frame knowledge base. Parsing heuristics referring to cohesion: and coherence properties of texts are considered to support partial semantic parsing of the input texts. Author's Abstract
children - the revenue constraint in the combined tax-transfer structure, and for job-conditioned programs - the overall cost of support to the working and non-working poor. (3) In each example, choosing among income maintenance alternatives required a broader view of goals. For the elderly we emphasized the costs in terms of the replacement rate adequacy of a given reduction in poverty, as well as the tradeoff between marginal tax rates on the poor and replacement rate adequacy at the top; for CAs, the progressivity and disincentive levels inherent in the overall tax structure; and for job-conditioned programs, the guarantees to both the non-working and the working poor. (4) In each example the traditional use of the target efficiency measure in comparing income maintenance strategies was misleading. Yet, both real and budgetary efficiency ratios may be relevant in comparing programs. (5) As these efficiency ratios are a function of program specification and size, a range of estimates for each strategy are required rather than a single specification. Ideally, strategies should be compared on the basis of the efficiency frontiers. (6) The best manner of comparing programs depends in part on the nature of the budget constraints. If they are equivalent across programs, one can best compare programs for equal poverty reduction and then consider the real costs implicit in the differences in program impacts and in the budgetary burden on taxpayers. (7) When budget constraints differ, one needs to compare programs with different degrees of poverty reduction. The difference in poverty reduction may have to be traded off against other program advantages. (8) Neither budgetary nor real efficiency ratios constitute a sufficient basis for comparing programs when budgetary constraints differ across programs. (9) In each case the selective approach, despite its a priori appeal, was shown to be necessarily more efficient when an appropriate comparative framework was established. Author's Abstract
85
Udo Hahn and Ulrich Reimer, Word expert parsing: An approach to text parsing with a distributed lexical grammar, TOPIC-6 / 83, Universitaet
Konstanz, Projekt Informations-Vermittlung, Konstanz, FRG (1983). TOPIC, a knowledge-based text analysis system for automatic summarization of German language texts, will be described with regard to its parsing devices which are based on the word expert model. The word expert parser currently under development is especially tuned to incorporate local cohesion and global coherence properties of expository texts as well as strategic requirements of variabledepth analysis of full texts. The technical description of corresponding text parsing procedures will be two-fold, first regarding word experts from a declarative point of view as basic organizational units of a distributed text grammar while from a procedural perspective the word expert system is considered as a highly modularized text parser. Author's Abstract
Udo Hahn and Ulrich Reimer, Heuristic text parsing in TOPIC: Methodological issues in a knowledge-based text condensation system. TOPIC-5/83,
Universitaet Konstanz, Projekt InformationsVermittlung, Konstanz, FRG (1983). TOPIC, a knowledge-based .system for text condensation and information management, is introduced with emphasis on its text parsing devices which take into account specific requirements applying to the analysis of full texts, the generation of condensates (abstracting), and various interactive graphical facilities for text information management. The text parser under development consists of a word expert system operating on a frame knowledge base. Parsing heuristics referring to cohesion: and coherence properties of texts are considered to support partial semantic parsing of the input texts. Author's Abstract