- Email: [email protected]
02697 Reaction tanks for manufacture of fuel gases from waste gases and waste heat and system for manufacture of fuels
18
03/02691 increasing participation in rational municipal waste management - a case study analysis in Jasio City (Poland) Grodzinska-Jurczak, 2003,
38, (I),
M. et al. Resources,
and Recycling,
Conservation
67-88.
In the City of Jaslo (Poland), a separate household waste collection system was introduced in 1993. Although the system was extensively promoted, quality and quantity of recyclables remained low. The City Council looked at alternative ways of increasing residents’ participation in the City’s integrated waste management services. The UK approach to public education (‘the Recycling Roadshow’ programme) has been modified and adopted by the City. The programme is based on visits to as many households as possible by home advisors - individuals selected from the local secondary schools and carefully trained in MSW management and communication principles. Home advisors inform residents about the local waste recycling system, conduct a short survey and provide people with specific educational materials. To date, advisors have visited 14% of the City’s households including the tenement block estates. The survey results show that nearly 75% of respondents actively recycled at least one type of scrap material, whilst of those that did not, 50% claimed they would. The educational campaign produced not only an increase in recycled tonnage, but also in material types and recycling rates from both the tenement block estates and the private housing areas of the City. The impact varied for the different materials in the domestic waste stream, with the greatest improvement in paper recycling, and a significantly lower impact for glass. The City Council was so pleased with the campaign results that it has decided to extend the programme and the funding for another year. This paper discusses in detail the programme and the results achieved. Recommendation are made regarding those features of the campaign that need to be included in other local MSW management campaigns and programmes across Poland in order to maximize their effectiveness.
03/02692 Method and apparatus for producing and fuel out of municipal waste or wastepaper
fibre pulp
Huhtamaeki, M. ef al. PCT Int. Appl. WO 03 25,279 (Cl. D2lB1/32), 27 Mar 2003, FI Appl. 2001/1,848. An object of the invention is to reduce problems related to the recovery and recycling of the recyclable fractions of municipal waste. To control the microbe content the retention time of the process is kept shorter than 12 h, advantageously shorter than 6 h. This is achieved by minimizing the total liquid volume of the process and by increasing the amount of water being passed to water treatment from the process. This water, having been purified, can be returned to the process. The method may also include a phase in which the pulp is treated thermally in order to destroy the microbes present in it. A further objective of the invention is to provide a process for producing fibre pulp which meets the quality requirements set for fibre products that come into contact with foods, such as corrugated cardboard cases meant for packing fruit and vegetables.
03102693 absorbing
Method and system for regeneration of gas liquid in desuifurization of combustion gas
Yoshii, Y. et al. Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP 2003 93,835 (Cl. BOlD53/ 52) 2 Apr 2003, Appl. 2001/295,3S I. (In Japanese) The method is carried out by detecting the deterioration state of the absorbing liquid from measuring anion concentration in the liquid, and supplying fresh reagent with increasing liquid amount to be recycled from the regeneration tower to the absorption tower, to reduce anion concentration in the liquid for regeneration,
03/02694 Nitrogen removal from wastewater double-biofiim reactor with a continuous-flow
using a method
Hsieh, Y. et al. Bioresource Technology, 2003, 88, (2), 107-l 13. Wastewater micro-organisms of nitrification and denitrification were cultivated to compose two biofilm modules, termed the permeable support bioreactor (PSB) and the membrane feeding substrate bioreactor (MFSB). PSB and MFSB were combined in a single tank to develop a double-biofilm reactor, which was used to treat nitrogen contaminants in wastewater. With a membrane supplement of substrates (02 and CHsOH), the DO and COD levels were at a low value in the bulk solution thus inhibitive effects between nitrification and denitrification were minimized. Simultaneous nitrificatiom denitrification was conducted in the reactor and the double-biofilm reactor achieved high nitrification and denitrification efficiency, of 96.5% and 82%, respectively.
03/02695 On energy conservation implementation practices
policies
and
Dincer,
Research,
2003,
1. International
Journal
of Energy
27, (7). 687-
702.
Energy conservation is now playing a key role in industrial development and is vital for sustainable development. Therefore, it should be implemented by all possible means, despite of its own limitations. This
Energy
conversion
and
recycling
study highlights the current environmental issues and potential solutions to these issues, identifies the main steps for implementing and the main barriers to such energy conservation programs implementations, and provides assessments for energy conservation potentials for countries, as well as various practical and environmental aspects of energy conservation. It is believed that this paper will be beneficial to energy policy makers particularly for energy conservation programmes.
03102696 plastic
Preparation
of gasoline
and diesel with waste
Ren, H. Faming Zhuanli Shenqing Gongkai Shuomingshu CN 1,339, 565 (Cl. ClOLl/OO), 13 Mar 2002, Appl. 2,000,122,916. (In Chinese) The device comprises a cracking reaction chamber, a catalytic fractionation chamber, a cooling box, a heater, an insulation layer, a gasoline pipe, a diesel pipe, a gasoline disk, and a diesel disk. The device is simple and high in yield for gasoline and diesel production.
03102697 Reaction tanks for manufacture of fuel gases from waste gases and waste heat and system for manufacture of fuels Hiwata, K. Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP 2003 104,701 (Cl. COlB3106). 9 Apr 2003, Appl. 2001/297,733. (In Japanese) COz and steam are treated with C at L650”, preferably >700”, for the preparation of CO and hydrogen. Fuel manufacturing systems comprise a first step, for manufacture of hydrogen from waste gases (preferably 2650”) containing CO* and steam, and a following second step, for manufacture of MeOH and/or CH4 from the manufactured hydrogen under use of COa remaining in the said waste gases. Thus manufactured fuels can be used for operation of fuel cells, boilers, automobiles, etc.
03/02696 Recovering a systems engineering
energy study
from waste in Sweden -
Soderman, M. L. Resources, Conservation und Rec,wling, 2003. 38. (2). 899121. The possibilities for recovering energy from waste in Sweden around the year 2010 are explored in this paper. To capture the issue from the perspectives of both the waste management and the district heating systems, separate systems engineering studies are performed for each. Four questions are explored: (1) Is recovering energy from waste economic from a waste management system perspective? (2) Is there a significant untapped energy resource in the form of waste in Sweden? (3) Is recovering energy from waste economic from a district heating system perspective? and (4) What are the global warming implications of recovering energy from waste? The results show that recovering energy from waste is part of all solutions studied, since energy recovery is necessary in order to fulfil the coming ban on landfilling of combustible and organic waste. However, the optimal quantity of energy to recover from waste differs considerably depending on the system perspective taken. From a waste management point of view, the economically optimal solution is to combine heat recovery with a high level of materials recovery. In this case, the quantity of heat recovered is close to the present Swedish level. From a district heating point of view, the potential could be 2-6 times larger. In terms of global warming implications, the preferable solution is to combine materials recovery and combined heat and power from waste. By bringing both the waste management and the district heating systems into focus, knowledge has been gained. The district heating study reveals a future market for heat recovery from waste that could be significantly larger than today. The waste management study points out that new policy instruments will be introduced in Swedish waste management that could direct waste towards increased energy recovery if the materials recovery sector does not develop strongly. These potential changes would have been more difficult to foresee had one system or the other been restricted to consideration as part of the system environment.
03/02699 Reduction in resource consumption modifications in cotton wet processes
by process
Kiran-Ciliz, N. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2003. 1 I. (4). 481486. The textile sector is one of the most important industrial sectors in Turkey. It comprises several sub-sectors among which cotton is the most important. Processes in the cotton textile industry can be dry and wet. A series of cleaner production (CP) options mostly related to water and energy conservation were identified in a selected enterprise focusing on the reduction of water consumption in the regeneration process, water and chemical savings in the dyeing process, heat recovery from the blowdown which was discharged into the waste water treatment plant, and also heat recovery of process waste water. The results of the calculations made during the feasibility stage proved that these CP options were worth implementing in the company being studied. Fuel
and
Energy
Abstracts
November
2003
427
03/02691 increasing participation in rational municipal waste management - a case study analysis in Jasio City (Poland) Grodzinska-Jurczak, 2003,
38, (I),
M. et al. Resources,
and Recycling,
Conservation
67-88.
In the City of Jaslo (Poland), a separate household waste collection system was introduced in 1993. Although the system was extensively promoted, quality and quantity of recyclables remained low. The City Council looked at alternative ways of increasing residents’ participation in the City’s integrated waste management services. The UK approach to public education (‘the Recycling Roadshow’ programme) has been modified and adopted by the City. The programme is based on visits to as many households as possible by home advisors - individuals selected from the local secondary schools and carefully trained in MSW management and communication principles. Home advisors inform residents about the local waste recycling system, conduct a short survey and provide people with specific educational materials. To date, advisors have visited 14% of the City’s households including the tenement block estates. The survey results show that nearly 75% of respondents actively recycled at least one type of scrap material, whilst of those that did not, 50% claimed they would. The educational campaign produced not only an increase in recycled tonnage, but also in material types and recycling rates from both the tenement block estates and the private housing areas of the City. The impact varied for the different materials in the domestic waste stream, with the greatest improvement in paper recycling, and a significantly lower impact for glass. The City Council was so pleased with the campaign results that it has decided to extend the programme and the funding for another year. This paper discusses in detail the programme and the results achieved. Recommendation are made regarding those features of the campaign that need to be included in other local MSW management campaigns and programmes across Poland in order to maximize their effectiveness.
03/02692 Method and apparatus for producing and fuel out of municipal waste or wastepaper
fibre pulp
Huhtamaeki, M. ef al. PCT Int. Appl. WO 03 25,279 (Cl. D2lB1/32), 27 Mar 2003, FI Appl. 2001/1,848. An object of the invention is to reduce problems related to the recovery and recycling of the recyclable fractions of municipal waste. To control the microbe content the retention time of the process is kept shorter than 12 h, advantageously shorter than 6 h. This is achieved by minimizing the total liquid volume of the process and by increasing the amount of water being passed to water treatment from the process. This water, having been purified, can be returned to the process. The method may also include a phase in which the pulp is treated thermally in order to destroy the microbes present in it. A further objective of the invention is to provide a process for producing fibre pulp which meets the quality requirements set for fibre products that come into contact with foods, such as corrugated cardboard cases meant for packing fruit and vegetables.
03102693 absorbing
Method and system for regeneration of gas liquid in desuifurization of combustion gas
Yoshii, Y. et al. Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP 2003 93,835 (Cl. BOlD53/ 52) 2 Apr 2003, Appl. 2001/295,3S I. (In Japanese) The method is carried out by detecting the deterioration state of the absorbing liquid from measuring anion concentration in the liquid, and supplying fresh reagent with increasing liquid amount to be recycled from the regeneration tower to the absorption tower, to reduce anion concentration in the liquid for regeneration,
03/02694 Nitrogen removal from wastewater double-biofiim reactor with a continuous-flow
using a method
Hsieh, Y. et al. Bioresource Technology, 2003, 88, (2), 107-l 13. Wastewater micro-organisms of nitrification and denitrification were cultivated to compose two biofilm modules, termed the permeable support bioreactor (PSB) and the membrane feeding substrate bioreactor (MFSB). PSB and MFSB were combined in a single tank to develop a double-biofilm reactor, which was used to treat nitrogen contaminants in wastewater. With a membrane supplement of substrates (02 and CHsOH), the DO and COD levels were at a low value in the bulk solution thus inhibitive effects between nitrification and denitrification were minimized. Simultaneous nitrificatiom denitrification was conducted in the reactor and the double-biofilm reactor achieved high nitrification and denitrification efficiency, of 96.5% and 82%, respectively.
03/02695 On energy conservation implementation practices
policies
and
Dincer,
Research,
2003,
1. International
Journal
of Energy
27, (7). 687-
702.
Energy conservation is now playing a key role in industrial development and is vital for sustainable development. Therefore, it should be implemented by all possible means, despite of its own limitations. This
Energy
conversion
and
recycling
study highlights the current environmental issues and potential solutions to these issues, identifies the main steps for implementing and the main barriers to such energy conservation programs implementations, and provides assessments for energy conservation potentials for countries, as well as various practical and environmental aspects of energy conservation. It is believed that this paper will be beneficial to energy policy makers particularly for energy conservation programmes.
03102696 plastic
Preparation
of gasoline
and diesel with waste
Ren, H. Faming Zhuanli Shenqing Gongkai Shuomingshu CN 1,339, 565 (Cl. ClOLl/OO), 13 Mar 2002, Appl. 2,000,122,916. (In Chinese) The device comprises a cracking reaction chamber, a catalytic fractionation chamber, a cooling box, a heater, an insulation layer, a gasoline pipe, a diesel pipe, a gasoline disk, and a diesel disk. The device is simple and high in yield for gasoline and diesel production.
03102697 Reaction tanks for manufacture of fuel gases from waste gases and waste heat and system for manufacture of fuels Hiwata, K. Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP 2003 104,701 (Cl. COlB3106). 9 Apr 2003, Appl. 2001/297,733. (In Japanese) COz and steam are treated with C at L650”, preferably >700”, for the preparation of CO and hydrogen. Fuel manufacturing systems comprise a first step, for manufacture of hydrogen from waste gases (preferably 2650”) containing CO* and steam, and a following second step, for manufacture of MeOH and/or CH4 from the manufactured hydrogen under use of COa remaining in the said waste gases. Thus manufactured fuels can be used for operation of fuel cells, boilers, automobiles, etc.
03/02696 Recovering a systems engineering
energy study
from waste in Sweden -
Soderman, M. L. Resources, Conservation und Rec,wling, 2003. 38. (2). 899121. The possibilities for recovering energy from waste in Sweden around the year 2010 are explored in this paper. To capture the issue from the perspectives of both the waste management and the district heating systems, separate systems engineering studies are performed for each. Four questions are explored: (1) Is recovering energy from waste economic from a waste management system perspective? (2) Is there a significant untapped energy resource in the form of waste in Sweden? (3) Is recovering energy from waste economic from a district heating system perspective? and (4) What are the global warming implications of recovering energy from waste? The results show that recovering energy from waste is part of all solutions studied, since energy recovery is necessary in order to fulfil the coming ban on landfilling of combustible and organic waste. However, the optimal quantity of energy to recover from waste differs considerably depending on the system perspective taken. From a waste management point of view, the economically optimal solution is to combine heat recovery with a high level of materials recovery. In this case, the quantity of heat recovered is close to the present Swedish level. From a district heating point of view, the potential could be 2-6 times larger. In terms of global warming implications, the preferable solution is to combine materials recovery and combined heat and power from waste. By bringing both the waste management and the district heating systems into focus, knowledge has been gained. The district heating study reveals a future market for heat recovery from waste that could be significantly larger than today. The waste management study points out that new policy instruments will be introduced in Swedish waste management that could direct waste towards increased energy recovery if the materials recovery sector does not develop strongly. These potential changes would have been more difficult to foresee had one system or the other been restricted to consideration as part of the system environment.
03/02699 Reduction in resource consumption modifications in cotton wet processes
by process
Kiran-Ciliz, N. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2003. 1 I. (4). 481486. The textile sector is one of the most important industrial sectors in Turkey. It comprises several sub-sectors among which cotton is the most important. Processes in the cotton textile industry can be dry and wet. A series of cleaner production (CP) options mostly related to water and energy conservation were identified in a selected enterprise focusing on the reduction of water consumption in the regeneration process, water and chemical savings in the dyeing process, heat recovery from the blowdown which was discharged into the waste water treatment plant, and also heat recovery of process waste water. The results of the calculations made during the feasibility stage proved that these CP options were worth implementing in the company being studied. Fuel
and
Energy
Abstracts
November
2003
427