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10.5 Antibacterial protein(s) in the secretion of a sea hare Aplysia juliana
450
Session i0
Energy Contract DE-AC06-76RLO 1830 and NCI grant SRC(8), 5 R01 CA 44269-02)
10.5
ANTIBACTERIAL PROTEIN(S) APLYSIA JULIANA
IN
THE
SECRETION
OF
A
SEA
HARE
H. Kamiya, K. Muramoto, R. Goto, M. Sakai and *M. Yamazaki, School of Fisheries Sciences, Kitasato University, Sanriku, Iwate 022-01; and *College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Teikyo University, Sagamiko, Kanagawa 199-01, Japan. The sea hare, ADlvsia ~uliana, is known to secrete a fetid-smelling secretion when disturbed, but the physiological activity of this secretion, is unknown. We found potent antibacterial activity in the water-soluble fraction of the secretion. It inhibited the growth of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The activity was heat-labile but resistant to the treatments with proteinases. An active factor (named julianin S) was partially purified by gel filtration and ion exchange column chromatography. Julianin S had a single polypeptide chain of about 70kDa. The concentration re.~uired for 50% inhibition of Bacillus subtilis growth was 1.4 x 10"VM. It was also cytotoxic against mouse tumor cells, and the IDs0 for L1210 leukemia cells was as low as 1 x 10"I~. Julianin S may provide some defence against bacterial invasion through the mantle cavity of the animal. 10.6
LATE
GRAFT-VERSUS-HOST
J. Bierne and Reims, France.
C.
DISEASE
Langlet,
IN ALLOGRAFTED
Universite
de
LINEUS
Champagne,
RUBER
51062
Because allograft rejections (host-versus-graft (HvG) reactions) are found in metazoans, this pattern of histoincompatibility is often considered as the criterion for alloimmunity. However, graft-versus-host (GvH) reaction is another pattern that prevails when recipients are unable to mount efficient HvG reactions. In nemerteans of the genus Lineus, autografts, isografts and allografts succeed. Does intraspecific histocompatibility involve a lack of immune recognition of and/or response to allografts? Amazing survival of allogeneic grafts in various species of Lineus have always clearly indicated "yes". Long-term viability of multiparental chimeras constructed by grafting pieces from several adult donors has supplied another positive answer. However, the late appearance of disease symptoms in worms manipulated by allotransplantation (never before 18 months after grafting) suggested GvH reactions. Since the same symptoms of disease can also occur in "normal" worms, we are comparing the behaviour of allografted L. ruber with the fate of control worms. Preliminary results show a significant difference of mortality between allografted and control worms from the second year after grafting.
Session i0
Energy Contract DE-AC06-76RLO 1830 and NCI grant SRC(8), 5 R01 CA 44269-02)
10.5
ANTIBACTERIAL PROTEIN(S) APLYSIA JULIANA
IN
THE
SECRETION
OF
A
SEA
HARE
H. Kamiya, K. Muramoto, R. Goto, M. Sakai and *M. Yamazaki, School of Fisheries Sciences, Kitasato University, Sanriku, Iwate 022-01; and *College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Teikyo University, Sagamiko, Kanagawa 199-01, Japan. The sea hare, ADlvsia ~uliana, is known to secrete a fetid-smelling secretion when disturbed, but the physiological activity of this secretion, is unknown. We found potent antibacterial activity in the water-soluble fraction of the secretion. It inhibited the growth of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The activity was heat-labile but resistant to the treatments with proteinases. An active factor (named julianin S) was partially purified by gel filtration and ion exchange column chromatography. Julianin S had a single polypeptide chain of about 70kDa. The concentration re.~uired for 50% inhibition of Bacillus subtilis growth was 1.4 x 10"VM. It was also cytotoxic against mouse tumor cells, and the IDs0 for L1210 leukemia cells was as low as 1 x 10"I~. Julianin S may provide some defence against bacterial invasion through the mantle cavity of the animal. 10.6
LATE
GRAFT-VERSUS-HOST
J. Bierne and Reims, France.
C.
DISEASE
Langlet,
IN ALLOGRAFTED
Universite
de
LINEUS
Champagne,
RUBER
51062
Because allograft rejections (host-versus-graft (HvG) reactions) are found in metazoans, this pattern of histoincompatibility is often considered as the criterion for alloimmunity. However, graft-versus-host (GvH) reaction is another pattern that prevails when recipients are unable to mount efficient HvG reactions. In nemerteans of the genus Lineus, autografts, isografts and allografts succeed. Does intraspecific histocompatibility involve a lack of immune recognition of and/or response to allografts? Amazing survival of allogeneic grafts in various species of Lineus have always clearly indicated "yes". Long-term viability of multiparental chimeras constructed by grafting pieces from several adult donors has supplied another positive answer. However, the late appearance of disease symptoms in worms manipulated by allotransplantation (never before 18 months after grafting) suggested GvH reactions. Since the same symptoms of disease can also occur in "normal" worms, we are comparing the behaviour of allografted L. ruber with the fate of control worms. Preliminary results show a significant difference of mortality between allografted and control worms from the second year after grafting.