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XAB Effects of the new biotechnologies on the international agricultural research system
216
SPECIAL REPORTS
biology is outlined. The measures taken by the government to intensify biotechnology basic research, and to provide research and economic conditions for an improved application of blotechnology are discussed. International cooperation in the domain is presented. The financial planning of the government for the stimulation of research in the fields of applied biology and blotechnology is presented. 1210992 AD-AI70 293/5/XAB Department o f D e f e n s e B i o l o g i c a l D e f e n s e P r o g r a m (Final Rept.) Assistant Secretary of Defence (Atomic Energy), Washington, DC. Hay 86 67p Languages: English NTIS Prices: $13.95 Country of Publication: United States The h o u s e committee on a p p r o p r i a t i o n s d i r e c t e d a report to a n s w e r s e v e n c o n c e r n s o v e r an a e r o s o l t e s t f a c i l i t y . The r e p o r t i s o r g a n i z e d i n t o s e v e n c h a p t e r s f o r t h e c o n c e r n s , p l u s an i n i t i a l c h a p t e r w i t h b a c k g r o u n d and a f i n a l c h a p t e r w i t h s u l m a r y and c o n c l u s i o n s . The r e p o r t a d d r e s s e s t h e b r o a d e r overall issues of defense against biological warfare. Biowarfare agents are i n c r e a s i n g l y e a s i e r t o p r o d u c e and v a r y t h r o u g h b i o t e c h n o l o g y , and s u c h a g e n t s are extremely toxic. The B i o l o g i c a l and T o x i n Weapons C o n v e n t i o n (BWC) h a s not been effective in stopping this threat. The U . S . w i l l c o n t i n u e t o comply w i t h t h e BWC b u t t h e r e m u s t be a v i g o r o u s e f f o r t t o i m p r o v e b l o d e f e n s e . The biological aerosol test facility is a smell but critical capability to support the necessary testing. The p r o b l e m s and u r g e n c y a s s o c i a t e d w i t h b i o l o g i c a l d e f e n s e a r e g r e a t e r than a t any time i n the p a s t b e c a u s e of the t e c h n o l o g i c a l advances in the biological sciences. 1210086
PB86-226263/XAB
Marine B i o t e c h n o l o g y and t h e D e v e l o p i n g C o u n t r i e s Colwell, R.R. United Nations Industrial Development Organization, Vienna (Austria). Report No.: UNIDO/IS.593; V-86-50206 7 Jan 86 33p Languages: English NTIS Prices: $ii.00 Country of Publication: Other A r e v i e w o f t h e f i e l d o f m a r i n e b l o t e e h n o l o g y was u n d e r t a k e n t o a s s e s s m a j o r d e v e l o p m e n t s w h i c h a p p e a r t o be m o s t p r o m i s i n g . It is concluded that marine p h a r m a c e u t i c a l s , g e n e t i c e n g i n e e r i n g o f m a r i n e and e s t u a r i n e a n i m a l s and p l a n t s f o r f o o d p r o d u c t i o n , and m a r i n e s p e c i a l t y c h e m i c a l s o f f e r p r o s p e c t s f o r b o t h i , m e d i a t e and l o n g - t e r m r e w a r d s f o r i s l a n d and r i p a r i a n n a t i o n s . 1210038
Effects System
PB86-225/60/XAB
of t h e New B i o t e c h n o l o g i e s
on t h e I n t e r n a t i o n a l
Agricultural
Research
Barton, J.H. International T e c h n o l o g y Management, Los A l t o s , CA. S p o n s o r : Agency f o r I n t e r n a t i o n a l D e v e l o p m e n t , W a s h i n g t o n , DC. R e p o r t N o . : AID-PN-AAQ-877 Oct 84 55p Languagues: English Document Tupe: P a t e n t NTIS Prices: $13.95 Country of Publication: United States The effect of the emergence and rapid evolution of new blotechnologles (i.e., tissue culture and genetic manipulation technologies) on the relative importance of the roles played by public and private institutions in international agricultural research is addressed in the study. As the future
SPECIAL REPORTS
217
growth of private agricultural blotechnology in the developing world will likely shape the public structure, the former is discussed in detail with separate analyses of the animal, m/croorganlsm, and plant technologies and of possible effects on patent laws and on health and environmental reEulatlons. 1209801 PB86-222379/XAB Emerging Developments in Veterinary Biotechnology (Final Rapt.) Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, MD. Office of Planning and Evaluation. Report No.: FDA/OPE-86/137 Jul 86 99p Languages: Engllsh NTIS Prices: $13.95 Country of Publication: United States The purpose of the study was to provide managers with a better understanding of blotechnology-based products and processes that will be emerging in the veterinary field during the next several years. The study includes both a profile of current industry activity, and a summary of expert opinions on future comlerclal prospects. There are at least 92 domestic firms currently active in veterinary blotechnology activities. These firms are involved in 171 separate projects primarily directed toward development of vaccines, growth hormones, and a vlde assortment of probes and vectors to diagnose and treat animal diseases. 1218922
PB86-247095/XAB
BloteehnoloEy: Analysis of F e d e r a l l y Funded Research General Accounting O f f i c e , Washington, DC. Resources Cow=unity and Econol~c Develot~aent Div. Report No.: CAO/RCED-86-187:B-223522 Aug 86 41p Languages: Engllsh NTIS Prices: $11.95 Country of Publication: United States In August 1984 and again in April 1985, Ii federal agencies were surveyed about the nature of all blotechnology-related research they support. The report contains biotechnology research activity profiles for five of the agencies: the Department of Agrlculture (USDA), the Envlronmental Protection Agency (EPA), the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), the Natlonal Institutes of Health (NIH), and the Natlonal Science Foundation (NSF). Each profile includes estimates of the fiscal year 1985 level of support, in terms of dollars obllgated and number of projects funded, for agencywLde activity for the conduct of research and development, blotechnology-related research, and blotechnology risk assessment research. The data for these estimates were
compiled by c o n t a c t i n g o f f i c i a l s in agency budget o f f i c e s and agency program o f f i c e s , and from w r l t t e n responses surveys. 1216530
PB86-241197/XAB
I n t e r n a t £ o n a l Approach to Biotechnology Safety Karny, G.M.; Lipsey, C.E.; Einaudl, C.P.; Woodworth, A.M. United Nations I n d u s t r i a l Development O r g a n i z a ti on , Vienna ( A u s t r i a ) . Report No.: UNIDO/IS.627; V-86-55532 I0 Apt 86 183p Presented at Informal UNIDO/WHO/UNEP Working Group on Biotechnology Safety, Vienna (Austria), 27-29 Jan 86. Languages: English NTIS Prices: $23.00 Country of Publication: Other The report covers: risk identification and assessment methodology; regulations of genetic engineering in laboratory; research and development;
SPECIAL REPORTS
biology is outlined. The measures taken by the government to intensify biotechnology basic research, and to provide research and economic conditions for an improved application of blotechnology are discussed. International cooperation in the domain is presented. The financial planning of the government for the stimulation of research in the fields of applied biology and blotechnology is presented. 1210992 AD-AI70 293/5/XAB Department o f D e f e n s e B i o l o g i c a l D e f e n s e P r o g r a m (Final Rept.) Assistant Secretary of Defence (Atomic Energy), Washington, DC. Hay 86 67p Languages: English NTIS Prices: $13.95 Country of Publication: United States The h o u s e committee on a p p r o p r i a t i o n s d i r e c t e d a report to a n s w e r s e v e n c o n c e r n s o v e r an a e r o s o l t e s t f a c i l i t y . The r e p o r t i s o r g a n i z e d i n t o s e v e n c h a p t e r s f o r t h e c o n c e r n s , p l u s an i n i t i a l c h a p t e r w i t h b a c k g r o u n d and a f i n a l c h a p t e r w i t h s u l m a r y and c o n c l u s i o n s . The r e p o r t a d d r e s s e s t h e b r o a d e r overall issues of defense against biological warfare. Biowarfare agents are i n c r e a s i n g l y e a s i e r t o p r o d u c e and v a r y t h r o u g h b i o t e c h n o l o g y , and s u c h a g e n t s are extremely toxic. The B i o l o g i c a l and T o x i n Weapons C o n v e n t i o n (BWC) h a s not been effective in stopping this threat. The U . S . w i l l c o n t i n u e t o comply w i t h t h e BWC b u t t h e r e m u s t be a v i g o r o u s e f f o r t t o i m p r o v e b l o d e f e n s e . The biological aerosol test facility is a smell but critical capability to support the necessary testing. The p r o b l e m s and u r g e n c y a s s o c i a t e d w i t h b i o l o g i c a l d e f e n s e a r e g r e a t e r than a t any time i n the p a s t b e c a u s e of the t e c h n o l o g i c a l advances in the biological sciences. 1210086
PB86-226263/XAB
Marine B i o t e c h n o l o g y and t h e D e v e l o p i n g C o u n t r i e s Colwell, R.R. United Nations Industrial Development Organization, Vienna (Austria). Report No.: UNIDO/IS.593; V-86-50206 7 Jan 86 33p Languages: English NTIS Prices: $ii.00 Country of Publication: Other A r e v i e w o f t h e f i e l d o f m a r i n e b l o t e e h n o l o g y was u n d e r t a k e n t o a s s e s s m a j o r d e v e l o p m e n t s w h i c h a p p e a r t o be m o s t p r o m i s i n g . It is concluded that marine p h a r m a c e u t i c a l s , g e n e t i c e n g i n e e r i n g o f m a r i n e and e s t u a r i n e a n i m a l s and p l a n t s f o r f o o d p r o d u c t i o n , and m a r i n e s p e c i a l t y c h e m i c a l s o f f e r p r o s p e c t s f o r b o t h i , m e d i a t e and l o n g - t e r m r e w a r d s f o r i s l a n d and r i p a r i a n n a t i o n s . 1210038
Effects System
PB86-225/60/XAB
of t h e New B i o t e c h n o l o g i e s
on t h e I n t e r n a t i o n a l
Agricultural
Research
Barton, J.H. International T e c h n o l o g y Management, Los A l t o s , CA. S p o n s o r : Agency f o r I n t e r n a t i o n a l D e v e l o p m e n t , W a s h i n g t o n , DC. R e p o r t N o . : AID-PN-AAQ-877 Oct 84 55p Languagues: English Document Tupe: P a t e n t NTIS Prices: $13.95 Country of Publication: United States The effect of the emergence and rapid evolution of new blotechnologles (i.e., tissue culture and genetic manipulation technologies) on the relative importance of the roles played by public and private institutions in international agricultural research is addressed in the study. As the future
SPECIAL REPORTS
217
growth of private agricultural blotechnology in the developing world will likely shape the public structure, the former is discussed in detail with separate analyses of the animal, m/croorganlsm, and plant technologies and of possible effects on patent laws and on health and environmental reEulatlons. 1209801 PB86-222379/XAB Emerging Developments in Veterinary Biotechnology (Final Rapt.) Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, MD. Office of Planning and Evaluation. Report No.: FDA/OPE-86/137 Jul 86 99p Languages: Engllsh NTIS Prices: $13.95 Country of Publication: United States The purpose of the study was to provide managers with a better understanding of blotechnology-based products and processes that will be emerging in the veterinary field during the next several years. The study includes both a profile of current industry activity, and a summary of expert opinions on future comlerclal prospects. There are at least 92 domestic firms currently active in veterinary blotechnology activities. These firms are involved in 171 separate projects primarily directed toward development of vaccines, growth hormones, and a vlde assortment of probes and vectors to diagnose and treat animal diseases. 1218922
PB86-247095/XAB
BloteehnoloEy: Analysis of F e d e r a l l y Funded Research General Accounting O f f i c e , Washington, DC. Resources Cow=unity and Econol~c Develot~aent Div. Report No.: CAO/RCED-86-187:B-223522 Aug 86 41p Languages: Engllsh NTIS Prices: $11.95 Country of Publication: United States In August 1984 and again in April 1985, Ii federal agencies were surveyed about the nature of all blotechnology-related research they support. The report contains biotechnology research activity profiles for five of the agencies: the Department of Agrlculture (USDA), the Envlronmental Protection Agency (EPA), the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), the Natlonal Institutes of Health (NIH), and the Natlonal Science Foundation (NSF). Each profile includes estimates of the fiscal year 1985 level of support, in terms of dollars obllgated and number of projects funded, for agencywLde activity for the conduct of research and development, blotechnology-related research, and blotechnology risk assessment research. The data for these estimates were
compiled by c o n t a c t i n g o f f i c i a l s in agency budget o f f i c e s and agency program o f f i c e s , and from w r l t t e n responses surveys. 1216530
PB86-241197/XAB
I n t e r n a t £ o n a l Approach to Biotechnology Safety Karny, G.M.; Lipsey, C.E.; Einaudl, C.P.; Woodworth, A.M. United Nations I n d u s t r i a l Development O r g a n i z a ti on , Vienna ( A u s t r i a ) . Report No.: UNIDO/IS.627; V-86-55532 I0 Apt 86 183p Presented at Informal UNIDO/WHO/UNEP Working Group on Biotechnology Safety, Vienna (Austria), 27-29 Jan 86. Languages: English NTIS Prices: $23.00 Country of Publication: Other The report covers: risk identification and assessment methodology; regulations of genetic engineering in laboratory; research and development;