- Email: [email protected]
14 – Unique and overlapping abnormalities in brain activation during verbal working memory task performance: A comparison between patients with schizophrenia and bipolar affective disorder
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ABSTRACTS / Schizophrenia Research 98 (2008) 3–199
13 – EARLY EVIDENCE OF CEREBRAL GREY MATTER VOLUME CHANGED AFTER TREATMENT IN NEUROLEPTIC NAÏVE, NEWLY DIAGNOSED SCHIZOPHRENIA Y. Deng 1, H.S. Merali 2, C. Cheung 1, E.Y.H. Chen 1, V. Cheung 1, G.M. McAlonan 1, S.E. Chua 1. 1
Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, USA
2
Presenting Author details: [email protected] Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, HKU, n/a Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Tel.: +852 281 99554; fax: +852 281 99550. Background: Antipsychotic drugs influence brain morphology in schizophrenia and usually require 3 weeks for marked effect. We used a comprehensive computational morphometry analysis to investigate brain volumetric changes after 3 weeks of antipsychotic exposure in a prospective, longitudinal, cohort of anti-psychotic-naïve individuals newly diagnosed with schizophrenia. Methods: Voxel-based morphometric (VBM) analysis was performed on magnetic resonance images (MRI) of the brain acquired before (t = 0) and after 3 weeks (t = 3 weeks) of antipsychotic treatment in 17 individuals with first-episode schizophrenia who had never received anti-psychotic treatment (7 males, 10 females). SPM (Statistical Parametric Mapping) 99 software using paired t test s was used to perform VBM analysis of grey matter volumetric differences between t = 0 and t = 3 weeks. Results: After 3 weeks of antipsychotic medication, significant clusters of volume excess in grey matter were detected in bilateral caudate, right parahippocampal gyrus and right postcentral gyrus. Clusters of volume deficits were detected in left superior frontal gyrus. Region-of-interest (ROI) confirmed caudate volumetric increased after early medication. Conclusions: Brain volumetric changes after 3 weeks medication suggests that drug-mediated neural and brain plasticity may occur during clinical recovery. doi:10.1016/j.schres.2007.12.080
clarify genetic and pathophysiological factors, involved in the pathogenesis of schizophrenic and affective psychoses [1]. However, little is known about the possible role of these brain dysfunctions for differential diagnosis, for instance between schizophrenia and bipolar affective disorder. In the present study, we directly compared abnormalities in brain activation during verbal working memory task performance in schizophrenic and bipolar patients as compared to healthy controls. Methods: 12 schizophrenic patients, 14 bipolar patients and 14 healthy controls underwent fMRI during a delayed matching to sample task requiring the maintenance of verbal information in working memory [2,3]. Data were preprocessed and statistically analyzed using standard procedures as implemented in SPM2. Results: In comparison to healthy controls, both schizophrenic and bipolar patients exhibited significantly increased activation in bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and in right intraparietal cortex. Abnormal hyperactivations that were unique to either schizophrenia or bipolar disorder were found in bilateral caudate nucleus and the right amygdala, respectively. Conclusions: Compatible with findings from genetic research into the pathogenesis of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, the present data show both similarities and significant differences between these two diagnostic categories regarding the patterns of abnormal brain activation that may underlie the verbal working memory deficits often seen in these patients. References: [1] Gruber, O., Gruber, E., Falkai, P. (2006) Neuroscience Letters, 405 (1–2), 24–28. [2] Gruber, O. (2001) Cerebral Cortex, 11, 1047–1055. [3] Gruber, O. and von Cramon, D. Y. (2003) NeuroImage, 19, 797–809. doi:10.1016/j.schres.2007.12.081
15 – LATERALITY IN GREY MATTER DENSITIES OF THE FRONTAL LOBE IN MEN AND WOMEN WITH SCHIZOPHRENIA: A VOXEL-BASED MORPHOMETRY STUDY J. Jimenez 1,2, A. Mancini-Marïe 1,2, C. Corcoran 3, C. Fahim 4, S. Karama 5, M. Beauregard 6,8, J. Lévesque 7, B. Mensour 8, E. Stip 1,9, A. Mendrek 1,2.
14 – UNIQUE AND OVERLAPPING ABNORMALITIES IN BRAIN ACTIVATION DURING VERBAL WORKING MEMORY TASK PERFORMANCE: A COMPARISON BETWEEN PATIENTS WITH SCHIZOPHRENIA AND BIPOLAR AFFECTIVE DISORDER O. Gruber 1, I. Henseler 1, H. Scherk 1, T. Wobrock 1, P. Falkai 1. 1
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Georg August University, Goettingen, Germany Presenting Author details: [email protected] Von-Siebold-Str. 5, D-37075 Goettingen, Germany, Tel.: +49 551 3912289; fax: +49 551 392004. Background: Working memory dysfunctions are promising intermediate phenotypes, i.e. biological markers, which may help to
1 Department of Psychiatry, Fernand-Seguin Research Center, Louis-H Lafontaine Hospital, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada 2 Department of Psychiatry, Biomedical Sciences Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada 3 Center of Prevention and Evaluation, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University, NY, USA 4 Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, The Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal Canada 5 Department of Psychiatry, Clinical Research Division, Douglas Hospital Research Center, McGill University, Montreal, Canada 6 Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada 7 Department of Psychology, Neuropsychology and Cognition Research Centre, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada 8 Department of Radiology, Centre Hospitalier de lʼUniversité de Montréal (CHUM), University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada 9 Centre Cyceron, Caen, France
ABSTRACTS / Schizophrenia Research 98 (2008) 3–199
13 – EARLY EVIDENCE OF CEREBRAL GREY MATTER VOLUME CHANGED AFTER TREATMENT IN NEUROLEPTIC NAÏVE, NEWLY DIAGNOSED SCHIZOPHRENIA Y. Deng 1, H.S. Merali 2, C. Cheung 1, E.Y.H. Chen 1, V. Cheung 1, G.M. McAlonan 1, S.E. Chua 1. 1
Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, USA
2
Presenting Author details: [email protected] Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, HKU, n/a Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Tel.: +852 281 99554; fax: +852 281 99550. Background: Antipsychotic drugs influence brain morphology in schizophrenia and usually require 3 weeks for marked effect. We used a comprehensive computational morphometry analysis to investigate brain volumetric changes after 3 weeks of antipsychotic exposure in a prospective, longitudinal, cohort of anti-psychotic-naïve individuals newly diagnosed with schizophrenia. Methods: Voxel-based morphometric (VBM) analysis was performed on magnetic resonance images (MRI) of the brain acquired before (t = 0) and after 3 weeks (t = 3 weeks) of antipsychotic treatment in 17 individuals with first-episode schizophrenia who had never received anti-psychotic treatment (7 males, 10 females). SPM (Statistical Parametric Mapping) 99 software using paired t test s was used to perform VBM analysis of grey matter volumetric differences between t = 0 and t = 3 weeks. Results: After 3 weeks of antipsychotic medication, significant clusters of volume excess in grey matter were detected in bilateral caudate, right parahippocampal gyrus and right postcentral gyrus. Clusters of volume deficits were detected in left superior frontal gyrus. Region-of-interest (ROI) confirmed caudate volumetric increased after early medication. Conclusions: Brain volumetric changes after 3 weeks medication suggests that drug-mediated neural and brain plasticity may occur during clinical recovery. doi:10.1016/j.schres.2007.12.080
clarify genetic and pathophysiological factors, involved in the pathogenesis of schizophrenic and affective psychoses [1]. However, little is known about the possible role of these brain dysfunctions for differential diagnosis, for instance between schizophrenia and bipolar affective disorder. In the present study, we directly compared abnormalities in brain activation during verbal working memory task performance in schizophrenic and bipolar patients as compared to healthy controls. Methods: 12 schizophrenic patients, 14 bipolar patients and 14 healthy controls underwent fMRI during a delayed matching to sample task requiring the maintenance of verbal information in working memory [2,3]. Data were preprocessed and statistically analyzed using standard procedures as implemented in SPM2. Results: In comparison to healthy controls, both schizophrenic and bipolar patients exhibited significantly increased activation in bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and in right intraparietal cortex. Abnormal hyperactivations that were unique to either schizophrenia or bipolar disorder were found in bilateral caudate nucleus and the right amygdala, respectively. Conclusions: Compatible with findings from genetic research into the pathogenesis of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, the present data show both similarities and significant differences between these two diagnostic categories regarding the patterns of abnormal brain activation that may underlie the verbal working memory deficits often seen in these patients. References: [1] Gruber, O., Gruber, E., Falkai, P. (2006) Neuroscience Letters, 405 (1–2), 24–28. [2] Gruber, O. (2001) Cerebral Cortex, 11, 1047–1055. [3] Gruber, O. and von Cramon, D. Y. (2003) NeuroImage, 19, 797–809. doi:10.1016/j.schres.2007.12.081
15 – LATERALITY IN GREY MATTER DENSITIES OF THE FRONTAL LOBE IN MEN AND WOMEN WITH SCHIZOPHRENIA: A VOXEL-BASED MORPHOMETRY STUDY J. Jimenez 1,2, A. Mancini-Marïe 1,2, C. Corcoran 3, C. Fahim 4, S. Karama 5, M. Beauregard 6,8, J. Lévesque 7, B. Mensour 8, E. Stip 1,9, A. Mendrek 1,2.
14 – UNIQUE AND OVERLAPPING ABNORMALITIES IN BRAIN ACTIVATION DURING VERBAL WORKING MEMORY TASK PERFORMANCE: A COMPARISON BETWEEN PATIENTS WITH SCHIZOPHRENIA AND BIPOLAR AFFECTIVE DISORDER O. Gruber 1, I. Henseler 1, H. Scherk 1, T. Wobrock 1, P. Falkai 1. 1
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Georg August University, Goettingen, Germany Presenting Author details: [email protected] Von-Siebold-Str. 5, D-37075 Goettingen, Germany, Tel.: +49 551 3912289; fax: +49 551 392004. Background: Working memory dysfunctions are promising intermediate phenotypes, i.e. biological markers, which may help to
1 Department of Psychiatry, Fernand-Seguin Research Center, Louis-H Lafontaine Hospital, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada 2 Department of Psychiatry, Biomedical Sciences Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada 3 Center of Prevention and Evaluation, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University, NY, USA 4 Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, The Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal Canada 5 Department of Psychiatry, Clinical Research Division, Douglas Hospital Research Center, McGill University, Montreal, Canada 6 Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada 7 Department of Psychology, Neuropsychology and Cognition Research Centre, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada 8 Department of Radiology, Centre Hospitalier de lʼUniversité de Montréal (CHUM), University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada 9 Centre Cyceron, Caen, France