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140-TRANSCULTURAL ASPECTS OF SOMATIZATION IN TURKEY: A STUDY OF 70 CASES
Abstracts / Journal of Psychosomatic Research 56 (2004) 581–673
Results: Using DSM IV criteria, 40% of the non-treated patients and only 5.7% of the patients who were treated with mirtazapine developed poststroke depression. Altogether 16 patients developed poststroke depression, 15 of whom remitted after initiation of treatment with mirtazapine. Conclusion: Mirtazapine significantly reduced the rate of poststroke depression in patients with acute stroke. The study also demonstrated that this antidepressant was highly effective in poststroke depression.
179 WORK STRESS AND PERFORMANCE AMONG US FOREIGN EXCHANGE TRADERS Nimgade, Ashok. Harvard University, Brookline, USA. Background: The purpose of this study, the largest yet scholarly survey of US foreign exchange traders, was to (a) identify factors associated with higher perceived ‘‘overall stress’’ in a high stress occupation; (b) examine the relationship between occupational stress and performance. Methods: 326 traders (59% participation rate) completed a questionnaire assessing occupational stress; concomitantly, performance evaluations of individual traders by supervisors were also obtained. Results: At the individual level, traders regardless of job role perceived the most stress coming from Profit goal, followed in order by Long hours, Time pressure, Fear of making mistakes, and Pressure from superiors. This overall pattern was strikingly similar to earlier findings among European traders. No significant correlation was found between trade quantity/frequency and overall stress. Different trading roles were associated with differing profiles of perceived stress. At the organisational level, significant differences in perceived stress were also found between trading departments. Traders with higher performance ratings reported less stress for a large variety of factors. Traders who identified with the metaphor of the marketplace being like a ‘‘dangerous battlefield’’ reported greater ‘‘Overall work stress’’ (but had no difference in performance ratings). Discussion and conclusion: At the individual level, a strikingly similar profile across all traders indicates universal responses to job demands. The lack of association between quantity/frequency of trades and work stress may reflect the considerable latitude traders enjoy with regards to personal trading styles and philosophies. However, the possibility of different personality types being attracted to different trading roles may also explain this finding. Belonging to different job role categories, however, also affects stress perception. In addition, organizational-level differences may also indicate that the way work is organized affects perception of work stress. However, self-selection by traders it regards to job roles or employers might also account for these differences. Although traders with higher performance ratings report less stress, no conclusions can be drawn regarding causality.
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relevance for intervention in these patients. Sixty patients with coronary heart disease (80% men, mean age = 57 years) were compared with 127 healthy controls (college students; 30% men, mean age = 22 years) and 60 psychiatric patients (45% men, mean age = 48 years) regarding a number of psychological variables: PM (measured by the Lack of Psychological Mindedness Index, Denollet & Nyklicek, 2004), positive and negative affect (Global Mood Scale), depressive symptoms (Beck Depression Inventory) and defensiveness (Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale). Coronary patients showed lower PM than the control subjects ( p < .001), while their scores were not different from those reported by the psychiatric patients. In addition, coronary patients scored significantly higher on negative affect and depressive symptoms and lower on positive affect than healthy controls ( p < .001). No association was found between PM and measures of positive and negative affect, depressive symptoms, or defensiveness in coronary patients (all r < 0.10, p > .10). Psychological mindedness is relatively low in coronary patients and independent of other psychological.constructs measured. This makes it a potentially valuable construct providing additional information in coronary patients and a factor that may be relevant for intervention outcomes in these patients.
140 TRANSCULTURAL ASPECTS OF SOMATIZATION IN TURKEY: A STUDY OF 70 CASES ¨ zkan M. Istanbul Medicine Faculty, Turkey. O Somatization in its various forms is extremely common and poorly recognized problem in all aspects of medical practice in Turkey thus leads to mistreatment and excess morbidity and chronicity. The setting of Consultation Liaison Psychiatry makes possible to early reach to these people and to study general characteristics. The presented study conducted at the CLP department of Istanbul Faculty of Medicine. This study is conducted with 70 patients diagnosed as somatization disorder (DSM-IV) from among those referred from the other various clinics of the hospital. All of these cases are referred from outpatient clinics and were followed from CLP outpatient clinic. This study aimed to understand the main features of somatization disorder, level of alexytymia and correlating factors with alextymia. A semi structured interview form pertaining questions on sociodemographics, illness behavior and illness cognition was applied. The degree of alexhtimia was measured with Toronto Alexhytimia Scale. Somatization was meaningfully more prevalent in females, housewives and married. A high level of alexhtimia among the cases was found. Somatization appears to be a mode of communication and an expression of emotional strain and psychological distress in symbolic body language. Psychiatry should penetrate developmental and societal processes in health and diseases.
49 LACK OF PSYCHOLOGICAL MINDEDNESS IN MEN WITH CORONARY HEART DISEASE Nyklicek I, Denollet J. Tilburg University, The Netherlands.
205 THE ACADEMY OF PSYCHOSOMATIC MEDICINE AND PSYCHOTHERAPY IN BERLIN—MEDICAL TRAINING IN A COMPLEX FIELD Palmowski B. Deutsche Gesellschaft fu¨r Psychosomatische Medizin und Psychotherapie (DGPM), Berlin, Germany.
Psychological mindedness (PM) is the tendency to monitor and analyse one’s inner thoughts and feelings. It was examined whether coronary patients have lowered scores on this trait, which may have
‘‘Psychosomatic medicine and psychotherapy’’ is an independent and separate medical speciality in Germany, requiring five years of postgraduate fulltime training at an approved educational
Results: Using DSM IV criteria, 40% of the non-treated patients and only 5.7% of the patients who were treated with mirtazapine developed poststroke depression. Altogether 16 patients developed poststroke depression, 15 of whom remitted after initiation of treatment with mirtazapine. Conclusion: Mirtazapine significantly reduced the rate of poststroke depression in patients with acute stroke. The study also demonstrated that this antidepressant was highly effective in poststroke depression.
179 WORK STRESS AND PERFORMANCE AMONG US FOREIGN EXCHANGE TRADERS Nimgade, Ashok. Harvard University, Brookline, USA. Background: The purpose of this study, the largest yet scholarly survey of US foreign exchange traders, was to (a) identify factors associated with higher perceived ‘‘overall stress’’ in a high stress occupation; (b) examine the relationship between occupational stress and performance. Methods: 326 traders (59% participation rate) completed a questionnaire assessing occupational stress; concomitantly, performance evaluations of individual traders by supervisors were also obtained. Results: At the individual level, traders regardless of job role perceived the most stress coming from Profit goal, followed in order by Long hours, Time pressure, Fear of making mistakes, and Pressure from superiors. This overall pattern was strikingly similar to earlier findings among European traders. No significant correlation was found between trade quantity/frequency and overall stress. Different trading roles were associated with differing profiles of perceived stress. At the organisational level, significant differences in perceived stress were also found between trading departments. Traders with higher performance ratings reported less stress for a large variety of factors. Traders who identified with the metaphor of the marketplace being like a ‘‘dangerous battlefield’’ reported greater ‘‘Overall work stress’’ (but had no difference in performance ratings). Discussion and conclusion: At the individual level, a strikingly similar profile across all traders indicates universal responses to job demands. The lack of association between quantity/frequency of trades and work stress may reflect the considerable latitude traders enjoy with regards to personal trading styles and philosophies. However, the possibility of different personality types being attracted to different trading roles may also explain this finding. Belonging to different job role categories, however, also affects stress perception. In addition, organizational-level differences may also indicate that the way work is organized affects perception of work stress. However, self-selection by traders it regards to job roles or employers might also account for these differences. Although traders with higher performance ratings report less stress, no conclusions can be drawn regarding causality.
657
relevance for intervention in these patients. Sixty patients with coronary heart disease (80% men, mean age = 57 years) were compared with 127 healthy controls (college students; 30% men, mean age = 22 years) and 60 psychiatric patients (45% men, mean age = 48 years) regarding a number of psychological variables: PM (measured by the Lack of Psychological Mindedness Index, Denollet & Nyklicek, 2004), positive and negative affect (Global Mood Scale), depressive symptoms (Beck Depression Inventory) and defensiveness (Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale). Coronary patients showed lower PM than the control subjects ( p < .001), while their scores were not different from those reported by the psychiatric patients. In addition, coronary patients scored significantly higher on negative affect and depressive symptoms and lower on positive affect than healthy controls ( p < .001). No association was found between PM and measures of positive and negative affect, depressive symptoms, or defensiveness in coronary patients (all r < 0.10, p > .10). Psychological mindedness is relatively low in coronary patients and independent of other psychological.constructs measured. This makes it a potentially valuable construct providing additional information in coronary patients and a factor that may be relevant for intervention outcomes in these patients.
140 TRANSCULTURAL ASPECTS OF SOMATIZATION IN TURKEY: A STUDY OF 70 CASES ¨ zkan M. Istanbul Medicine Faculty, Turkey. O Somatization in its various forms is extremely common and poorly recognized problem in all aspects of medical practice in Turkey thus leads to mistreatment and excess morbidity and chronicity. The setting of Consultation Liaison Psychiatry makes possible to early reach to these people and to study general characteristics. The presented study conducted at the CLP department of Istanbul Faculty of Medicine. This study is conducted with 70 patients diagnosed as somatization disorder (DSM-IV) from among those referred from the other various clinics of the hospital. All of these cases are referred from outpatient clinics and were followed from CLP outpatient clinic. This study aimed to understand the main features of somatization disorder, level of alexytymia and correlating factors with alextymia. A semi structured interview form pertaining questions on sociodemographics, illness behavior and illness cognition was applied. The degree of alexhtimia was measured with Toronto Alexhytimia Scale. Somatization was meaningfully more prevalent in females, housewives and married. A high level of alexhtimia among the cases was found. Somatization appears to be a mode of communication and an expression of emotional strain and psychological distress in symbolic body language. Psychiatry should penetrate developmental and societal processes in health and diseases.
49 LACK OF PSYCHOLOGICAL MINDEDNESS IN MEN WITH CORONARY HEART DISEASE Nyklicek I, Denollet J. Tilburg University, The Netherlands.
205 THE ACADEMY OF PSYCHOSOMATIC MEDICINE AND PSYCHOTHERAPY IN BERLIN—MEDICAL TRAINING IN A COMPLEX FIELD Palmowski B. Deutsche Gesellschaft fu¨r Psychosomatische Medizin und Psychotherapie (DGPM), Berlin, Germany.
Psychological mindedness (PM) is the tendency to monitor and analyse one’s inner thoughts and feelings. It was examined whether coronary patients have lowered scores on this trait, which may have
‘‘Psychosomatic medicine and psychotherapy’’ is an independent and separate medical speciality in Germany, requiring five years of postgraduate fulltime training at an approved educational