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144. A blind placebo study of multiple-antigen immunotherapy in canine-allergic inhalant dermatitis (AID)
17
American
Academy
of Allergy
J. ALLERGY
(decreased sensitivity and release); after 7 days the curve shifts up and to the left, and this persists for at least 24 hr after drug withdrawal. We conclude an oral p-agonist and a phosphodiesterase inhibitor at what are considered therapeutic doses do not alter the immediate skin test and need not, therefore, be withdrawn before skin testing. The in vitro data is compatible with a “rebound” of phosphodiesterase activity after therapy with the enzyme inhibitor, but requires further study (which is in progress).
dentification of important allergens in ander extract (DDE). A. McLean, M.D., 6lovsky, M.D., and D. Hoffman, Los Angeles, Calif.
Ph.D.,
We had previously shown that the major allergenic activity of DDE was clearly separable from the major protein peak and resided in the 20 to 70,000 dalton area on sucrose density gradient ultracentrifugation. Since, on immunoelectrophoresis, the major allergen(s) seem to correspond to the albumin area, we have studied skin test and radioallergosorbent test (RAST) activity to both purified dog serum albumin (DSA) and density gradient-separated DDE. Skin test reactivity was greater with DDE than DSA in 9 of 10 patients tested. Also, RAST activity to DDE was greater than DSA in 9 of ten patients tested. Although albumin is an important allergen in DDE, other lower molecular weight allergen(s) are equally or more important. Sucrose density gradient studies and SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis indicate that the other important allergens may be the 22,000 and possibly the 10,000 dalton proteins. We have also shown that rabbits immunized with dog dander extract in complete Freund’s adjuvant produced high-titered antisera. When these rabbits had DDE injected intratracheally, severe hemorrhagic alveolitis occurred. Since dog serum albumin and other proteins are potent antigens and may, after high dose administration, produce immune complex disease, we suggest a cautious approach in hyposensitization of patients who are heavily exposed to dog dander protein.
lind placebo study of e-antigen immunotherapy canine-allergic inhalant dermatitis
in (AID).
J. A Anderson, M.D., Sam Yanari, Ph.D., W, N. Konde, Q.V.M., P. i”. Breen, D.V.M., and C. M. Clark, Detroit, Mich. Cincinnati, Ohio, and Lenore, N. C. Eighteen typical AID dogs were blindly treated with either a placebo (carmelized saline) (P) or aqueous allergens (ragweed-timothy-dust) (A) between February and July, 1977. Injections, 1: 10,000 w/v progressing to 1: 10 w/v were given “rush” once/day, 5 dayslwk followed by a once/wk maintenance. Dogs were evaluated weekly. Allergen-specific canine IgG blocking antibody was measured by a radioallergosorbent (RAST) technique. Al-
CLM.
WlMUWL. MARCH 7978
lergen-specific IgE antibody was evaluated by passivetransfer wheal size titration (P-K) utilizing 18 nonatopic recipient dogs. Results show that 9 A and 9 P dogs were similar by breed, age, duration of disease, and distribution of immediate skin test reactivity. In 4 A and 4 P dogs who were perennially and grass sensitive, significant improvement (p < 0.001) in clinical signs occurred in the A dogs but not P dogs. Timothy IgG rose a mean of 4-fold in 9 of 9 A dogs (p = 0.01) but not in P dogs with “rush” treatment. Antibody levels tended to subsequently fall as the frequency of injections decreased. Similar results occurred with ragweed IgG. Dust IgG remains to be evaluated. When P-K was possible, allergen IgE wheal size first increased then declined with allergen but not placebo therapy. This continuing study is the first blinded placebo evaluation of multiple-allergen immunotherapy in canine AID.
145. Cross-reactivity among weeds Amaranth and Chenopod families. Richard W. Weber, M.D., Lyndon E. Ma~$fie~~~ M.D., and Harold S. Nelson, M.D., Denver, Co!a. Nine members of the Chenopod family-burning bush (BB), Russian thistle (RT), lamb’s quarter (LQ), smotherweed (SW)? greasewood (GW)-4 members of the Afriplex genus-allscale (AS), lenscale (LS), wingscale (WS), and saltbush (SB)-and three members of the Amaranth family-Palmer’s amaranth (PA), redroot pigweed (RP), and western waterhemp (WWH)-were compared for cross-allergenicity and cross-antigenicity. Techniques used were: skin testing in allergic patients, radioallergosorbent test (RAST) inhibition, and Ouchterlony with rabbit antisera against allergen extracts. Comparison of skin testing results in 200 allergic patients by Spearman rank correlation showed the best correlation was between RT and LQ3 followed by the amaranths and the scales, and the lowest correlation was with SW and GW. Inhibition of RAST, for RT by the pollen extracts showed a spectrum of partial allergen identity with all extracts producing some inhibition but none approaching RT in potency. Ouchterlony revealed some antigens common to all the pollen extracts studied. RT was closest to LQ, but also contained a unique antigen not present in any other. BB and SW appeared to contain the same antigens, some of which are not present in any other pollen. LQ was most similar to the Atriplex, A§, LS, WS, md ,5X%, but contained unique antigens not present in this group, PA and RP appeared antigenically identical. WWH contained some but not all of these antigens. GW appeared to contain the fewest antigens common to the remainders.
146. Allergenicity and isolation studies Atriplex canwn pollen proteins in Iran. Ali Shafiee, Ph.D., Tehran, Iranm
o
Atriplex canum has been introduced into various parts of Iran in order to stop desert movement and has been planted
American
Academy
of Allergy
J. ALLERGY
(decreased sensitivity and release); after 7 days the curve shifts up and to the left, and this persists for at least 24 hr after drug withdrawal. We conclude an oral p-agonist and a phosphodiesterase inhibitor at what are considered therapeutic doses do not alter the immediate skin test and need not, therefore, be withdrawn before skin testing. The in vitro data is compatible with a “rebound” of phosphodiesterase activity after therapy with the enzyme inhibitor, but requires further study (which is in progress).
dentification of important allergens in ander extract (DDE). A. McLean, M.D., 6lovsky, M.D., and D. Hoffman, Los Angeles, Calif.
Ph.D.,
We had previously shown that the major allergenic activity of DDE was clearly separable from the major protein peak and resided in the 20 to 70,000 dalton area on sucrose density gradient ultracentrifugation. Since, on immunoelectrophoresis, the major allergen(s) seem to correspond to the albumin area, we have studied skin test and radioallergosorbent test (RAST) activity to both purified dog serum albumin (DSA) and density gradient-separated DDE. Skin test reactivity was greater with DDE than DSA in 9 of 10 patients tested. Also, RAST activity to DDE was greater than DSA in 9 of ten patients tested. Although albumin is an important allergen in DDE, other lower molecular weight allergen(s) are equally or more important. Sucrose density gradient studies and SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis indicate that the other important allergens may be the 22,000 and possibly the 10,000 dalton proteins. We have also shown that rabbits immunized with dog dander extract in complete Freund’s adjuvant produced high-titered antisera. When these rabbits had DDE injected intratracheally, severe hemorrhagic alveolitis occurred. Since dog serum albumin and other proteins are potent antigens and may, after high dose administration, produce immune complex disease, we suggest a cautious approach in hyposensitization of patients who are heavily exposed to dog dander protein.
lind placebo study of e-antigen immunotherapy canine-allergic inhalant dermatitis
in (AID).
J. A Anderson, M.D., Sam Yanari, Ph.D., W, N. Konde, Q.V.M., P. i”. Breen, D.V.M., and C. M. Clark, Detroit, Mich. Cincinnati, Ohio, and Lenore, N. C. Eighteen typical AID dogs were blindly treated with either a placebo (carmelized saline) (P) or aqueous allergens (ragweed-timothy-dust) (A) between February and July, 1977. Injections, 1: 10,000 w/v progressing to 1: 10 w/v were given “rush” once/day, 5 dayslwk followed by a once/wk maintenance. Dogs were evaluated weekly. Allergen-specific canine IgG blocking antibody was measured by a radioallergosorbent (RAST) technique. Al-
CLM.
WlMUWL. MARCH 7978
lergen-specific IgE antibody was evaluated by passivetransfer wheal size titration (P-K) utilizing 18 nonatopic recipient dogs. Results show that 9 A and 9 P dogs were similar by breed, age, duration of disease, and distribution of immediate skin test reactivity. In 4 A and 4 P dogs who were perennially and grass sensitive, significant improvement (p < 0.001) in clinical signs occurred in the A dogs but not P dogs. Timothy IgG rose a mean of 4-fold in 9 of 9 A dogs (p = 0.01) but not in P dogs with “rush” treatment. Antibody levels tended to subsequently fall as the frequency of injections decreased. Similar results occurred with ragweed IgG. Dust IgG remains to be evaluated. When P-K was possible, allergen IgE wheal size first increased then declined with allergen but not placebo therapy. This continuing study is the first blinded placebo evaluation of multiple-allergen immunotherapy in canine AID.
145. Cross-reactivity among weeds Amaranth and Chenopod families. Richard W. Weber, M.D., Lyndon E. Ma~$fie~~~ M.D., and Harold S. Nelson, M.D., Denver, Co!a. Nine members of the Chenopod family-burning bush (BB), Russian thistle (RT), lamb’s quarter (LQ), smotherweed (SW)? greasewood (GW)-4 members of the Afriplex genus-allscale (AS), lenscale (LS), wingscale (WS), and saltbush (SB)-and three members of the Amaranth family-Palmer’s amaranth (PA), redroot pigweed (RP), and western waterhemp (WWH)-were compared for cross-allergenicity and cross-antigenicity. Techniques used were: skin testing in allergic patients, radioallergosorbent test (RAST) inhibition, and Ouchterlony with rabbit antisera against allergen extracts. Comparison of skin testing results in 200 allergic patients by Spearman rank correlation showed the best correlation was between RT and LQ3 followed by the amaranths and the scales, and the lowest correlation was with SW and GW. Inhibition of RAST, for RT by the pollen extracts showed a spectrum of partial allergen identity with all extracts producing some inhibition but none approaching RT in potency. Ouchterlony revealed some antigens common to all the pollen extracts studied. RT was closest to LQ, but also contained a unique antigen not present in any other. BB and SW appeared to contain the same antigens, some of which are not present in any other pollen. LQ was most similar to the Atriplex, A§, LS, WS, md ,5X%, but contained unique antigens not present in this group, PA and RP appeared antigenically identical. WWH contained some but not all of these antigens. GW appeared to contain the fewest antigens common to the remainders.
146. Allergenicity and isolation studies Atriplex canwn pollen proteins in Iran. Ali Shafiee, Ph.D., Tehran, Iranm
o
Atriplex canum has been introduced into various parts of Iran in order to stop desert movement and has been planted