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1451: Development of Novel Tumor Hyperthermia Utilizing Bubble Liposomes and Ultrasound Exposure
S222
Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology
1451 Development of Novel Tumor Hyperthermia Utilizing Bubble Liposomes and Ultrasound Exposure Yuichiro Taira, Department of Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Teikyo University, Japan Ryo Suzuki, Department of Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Teikyo University, Japan Yasuyuki Shiono, Department of Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Teikyo University, Japan Norihito Nishiie, Department of Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Teikyo University, Japan Yusuke Oda, Department of Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Teikyo University, Japan Naoki Utoguchi, Department of Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Teikyo University, Japan Kazuo Maruyama, Department of Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Teikyo University, Japan Objective: Recently, we developed novel liposomal bubbles containing nanobubbles of the ultrasound (US) imaging gas, perfluoropropane and suggested “Bubble liposomes” (BLs) might be used as novel gene delivery tools if combined with US exposure. As this US exposure was low intensity, there were not serious damage to adjacent cells by temperature and shock waves caused by the BLs collapse (cavitation). If US exposure is high intensity, there will be serious damages to adjacent cells by high temperature and strong shock waves caused by cavitation. Thus, the combination of BLs and US exposure should be useful tools in tumor hyperthermia. In this study, we examined effects of tumor hyperthermia combined with BLs and high intensity US exposure. Methods: Colon 26 cells (mouse colon carcinoma) were inoculated into the backs of mice. After 8 days of tumor inoculation, BLs were injected intratumorally and US was transdermally exposed toward tumor tissue (1 MHz, 1, 4 W/cm2, 120 sec). The temperature increase was measured by a thermocouple placed into the tumors. The antitumor effect was evaluated by measuring tumor volume. Results/Discussion: The temperature in tumors by the combination of BLs and US exposure was 45°C which was sufficient for hyperthermia, whereas the temperature by US alone was 38°C. The combination of BLs and US exposure suppressed tumor growth efficiently than US exposure alone which exhibited no antitumor activity. These results suggested BLs if combined with US exposure were effective tools in tumor hyperthermia. 1452 Feature of Contrast-enhanced Ultrasound in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma: Cystic, Hemorrhagic, Debris and Necrotic Tissue and Pseudocapule Bin Yang, China Objective: To investigate present rate of a pseudocapule and cystic,hemorrhagic,debris and necrotic tissue in clear cell renal cell carcinomas(RCCs) on contrast- enhanced sonography compared with conventional gray-scale sonography. Methods: 184 patients with RCCs proved by histologic diagnosis were prospectively studied with contrast-enhanced sonography compared with conventional gray-scale imaging. The present rate of a pseudocapule and cystic,hemorrhagic,debris and necrotic tissue in RCCs was assessed on contrast- enhanced sonography compared with conventional gray-scale sonography. Results: On conventional sonography, the presence of a pseudocapsule was detected in 63 of 184 RCCs. Sonographic contrast-enhanced imaging revealed the in 87 0f 184 RCCs presence of pseudocapsule in 107 0f 184 RCCs ( P⬍0.05 ). On conventional sonography, the presence of
Volume 35, Number 8S, 2009 cystic, hemorrhagic, debris and necrotic tissue were seen in 87 0f 184 RCCs. The cystic, hemorrhagic, debris and necrotic tissue were visible in 134 of 184 RCCs. Conclusions: Sonogrphic contrast-ehanced imaging is effective in improving the sonographic visualization of pseudocapsule and cystic, hemorrhagic, debris and necrotic tissue in RCCs. Ultrasonic diagnosis could supply more information in RCCs. Keywords: Ultrasound contrast agent; renal cell carcinoma; pseudocapsule 1453 Learning Ultrasound in the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) Curriculum at Makerere University Elsie Kiguli-Malwadde, Makerere University, Uganda RoseMary Byanyima, Mulago Hospital, Uganda Zeridah Muyinda, Mulago Hospital, Uganda Micheal Kawooya, Uganda Introduction: Faculty of Medicine has been training health professions in Uganda since 1924. Five years ago, it decided to change its curriculums from traditional to Problem Based. It adopted the SPICES model (Student centered, problem based, integrated, community based, electives, Systematic). The radiography program is 3 years. Ultrasound is an important part of Radiography curriculum. When the curriculums were reviewed in 2003, PBL was introduced as the main method of instruction. It was a challenge to adopt the new method of teaching after having a lecture based curriculum for over 80 years. Objective: To implement the training of ultrasound in the PBL curriculum and to produce graduates with problem solving skills, foster active learning, improve understanding and retention, produce life long learning skills, motivate students and also help them activate their prior knowledge. Methods: This was achieved by using a participatory approach, workshops were conducted and objectives for ultrasound courses were arrived at. Problems/cases that were relevant to the Ugandan situation were written. Results: Students have been using the new approach for the past 5 years and they have consistently passed the exams well and shown good knowledge of Ultrasound. Conclusions: The implementation of ultrasound training in the Radiography undergraduate program is an on going process. Both trainers and students have expressed satisfaction with the new approach to training. 1454 Symptomatic Thyroiditis: Correlation of Ultrasound and Histopathologic Findings Osmar Saito, Clinics Hospital of University of Sao Paulo, Brazil Maria Cristina Chammas, Department of Radiology of the Hospital das Clı´nicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sa˜o Paulo, Brazil Andrea C Gomes, Clinics Hospital of University of Sao Paulo, Brazil Juliana Rezende, Clinics Hospital of University of Sao Paulo, Brazil Giovanni G Cerri, Clinics Hospital of University of Sao Paulo, Brazil Introduction: Thyroiditis usually affects women and the use of ultrasound for evaluation of gland has spread allover the world. The main alteration involves gland size and texture but as the ultrasound device has improved their image quality, we have detected some small nodes
Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology
1451 Development of Novel Tumor Hyperthermia Utilizing Bubble Liposomes and Ultrasound Exposure Yuichiro Taira, Department of Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Teikyo University, Japan Ryo Suzuki, Department of Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Teikyo University, Japan Yasuyuki Shiono, Department of Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Teikyo University, Japan Norihito Nishiie, Department of Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Teikyo University, Japan Yusuke Oda, Department of Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Teikyo University, Japan Naoki Utoguchi, Department of Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Teikyo University, Japan Kazuo Maruyama, Department of Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Teikyo University, Japan Objective: Recently, we developed novel liposomal bubbles containing nanobubbles of the ultrasound (US) imaging gas, perfluoropropane and suggested “Bubble liposomes” (BLs) might be used as novel gene delivery tools if combined with US exposure. As this US exposure was low intensity, there were not serious damage to adjacent cells by temperature and shock waves caused by the BLs collapse (cavitation). If US exposure is high intensity, there will be serious damages to adjacent cells by high temperature and strong shock waves caused by cavitation. Thus, the combination of BLs and US exposure should be useful tools in tumor hyperthermia. In this study, we examined effects of tumor hyperthermia combined with BLs and high intensity US exposure. Methods: Colon 26 cells (mouse colon carcinoma) were inoculated into the backs of mice. After 8 days of tumor inoculation, BLs were injected intratumorally and US was transdermally exposed toward tumor tissue (1 MHz, 1, 4 W/cm2, 120 sec). The temperature increase was measured by a thermocouple placed into the tumors. The antitumor effect was evaluated by measuring tumor volume. Results/Discussion: The temperature in tumors by the combination of BLs and US exposure was 45°C which was sufficient for hyperthermia, whereas the temperature by US alone was 38°C. The combination of BLs and US exposure suppressed tumor growth efficiently than US exposure alone which exhibited no antitumor activity. These results suggested BLs if combined with US exposure were effective tools in tumor hyperthermia. 1452 Feature of Contrast-enhanced Ultrasound in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma: Cystic, Hemorrhagic, Debris and Necrotic Tissue and Pseudocapule Bin Yang, China Objective: To investigate present rate of a pseudocapule and cystic,hemorrhagic,debris and necrotic tissue in clear cell renal cell carcinomas(RCCs) on contrast- enhanced sonography compared with conventional gray-scale sonography. Methods: 184 patients with RCCs proved by histologic diagnosis were prospectively studied with contrast-enhanced sonography compared with conventional gray-scale imaging. The present rate of a pseudocapule and cystic,hemorrhagic,debris and necrotic tissue in RCCs was assessed on contrast- enhanced sonography compared with conventional gray-scale sonography. Results: On conventional sonography, the presence of a pseudocapsule was detected in 63 of 184 RCCs. Sonographic contrast-enhanced imaging revealed the in 87 0f 184 RCCs presence of pseudocapsule in 107 0f 184 RCCs ( P⬍0.05 ). On conventional sonography, the presence of
Volume 35, Number 8S, 2009 cystic, hemorrhagic, debris and necrotic tissue were seen in 87 0f 184 RCCs. The cystic, hemorrhagic, debris and necrotic tissue were visible in 134 of 184 RCCs. Conclusions: Sonogrphic contrast-ehanced imaging is effective in improving the sonographic visualization of pseudocapsule and cystic, hemorrhagic, debris and necrotic tissue in RCCs. Ultrasonic diagnosis could supply more information in RCCs. Keywords: Ultrasound contrast agent; renal cell carcinoma; pseudocapsule 1453 Learning Ultrasound in the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) Curriculum at Makerere University Elsie Kiguli-Malwadde, Makerere University, Uganda RoseMary Byanyima, Mulago Hospital, Uganda Zeridah Muyinda, Mulago Hospital, Uganda Micheal Kawooya, Uganda Introduction: Faculty of Medicine has been training health professions in Uganda since 1924. Five years ago, it decided to change its curriculums from traditional to Problem Based. It adopted the SPICES model (Student centered, problem based, integrated, community based, electives, Systematic). The radiography program is 3 years. Ultrasound is an important part of Radiography curriculum. When the curriculums were reviewed in 2003, PBL was introduced as the main method of instruction. It was a challenge to adopt the new method of teaching after having a lecture based curriculum for over 80 years. Objective: To implement the training of ultrasound in the PBL curriculum and to produce graduates with problem solving skills, foster active learning, improve understanding and retention, produce life long learning skills, motivate students and also help them activate their prior knowledge. Methods: This was achieved by using a participatory approach, workshops were conducted and objectives for ultrasound courses were arrived at. Problems/cases that were relevant to the Ugandan situation were written. Results: Students have been using the new approach for the past 5 years and they have consistently passed the exams well and shown good knowledge of Ultrasound. Conclusions: The implementation of ultrasound training in the Radiography undergraduate program is an on going process. Both trainers and students have expressed satisfaction with the new approach to training. 1454 Symptomatic Thyroiditis: Correlation of Ultrasound and Histopathologic Findings Osmar Saito, Clinics Hospital of University of Sao Paulo, Brazil Maria Cristina Chammas, Department of Radiology of the Hospital das Clı´nicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sa˜o Paulo, Brazil Andrea C Gomes, Clinics Hospital of University of Sao Paulo, Brazil Juliana Rezende, Clinics Hospital of University of Sao Paulo, Brazil Giovanni G Cerri, Clinics Hospital of University of Sao Paulo, Brazil Introduction: Thyroiditis usually affects women and the use of ultrasound for evaluation of gland has spread allover the world. The main alteration involves gland size and texture but as the ultrasound device has improved their image quality, we have detected some small nodes