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15. Hypothermia and behavioral thermoregulatory temperature preference
o63
A.N N UA L M L l ~ FI N G A 13STI.( A C I. S
nmlie hernias. The teehni~lue was cornph.~te exposure of both vrus which are approxim'd.ed by three or four Sut.ures, n fter width llllrtl:tn aorta, apI)roxinmi.("ly 2~,~ in, sq.,lare, is l~hleed over the suUlre limi s~, t.lmt il, i~ t , ut. ;rod removes tension from t.im sui.tm, s..Following this the plu'enoesoplmgeal •ligament is sutured to tl~is graft,, ltl addition the rotflin(.', suture (.)f l:lm. eSol)lH.tgus 1;o t,}m lesser ('urva-
turc~ of the aorta is utilized to a.ngulate the esophagogast:ric junc t..ion.In 30 iml.ienls lhere has been no graft rejection; posi.oi)erat,ive convaleseenc, e was unevenl,ful. No rectwrenec'.s have been experienced and it, was possiMe to terminate na~ogastrie suction in. ap1)roximateiy half tim. time of similar cases where Teflon grafts wo.re used.
Ilypo |herin ia 13. l ' r o l c e l i v e Effect o f E t h y l A l c o h o l in Prof o u n d l l y p o l h e r m i a . '~ .'~VATTS l;{. WEBI! AND NouMax l"l,umtso,x* (]),:])artm(mt of Surgery, Th,: Univer.,s:ity of Texas Southweslern Medical Sclmol, l),tlht.s, Textts). "]'lm "'ahu.: of ,le0hol in profound hYl)othermi~ h:~s 1.meninv(.,.,s_'tignted in l:[ousl.on Cht,¢,k rats, l'h'evi,.ms sl.u,lios suggested tl,at, td('ohol .may bp. of value by l~rev(,nting v(.'nt,'icular til)rilla.tion, Two milliliters of 50% 'th:oho] wus inj(,el,ed intrtperitonenlly int.o 250-g l'alS; :,llld the animals were tr,'tcheotomized and reSl,irt:d with room air with dhninishing t.idul volumes wliile,, cooled b y immersio~i in ieod s a l t - w a t e r ( .....15"'C). Ret'.tal ten]l)eratt~res 4ttd oleel;roear,li(~grg~ll~S were mol~itore.(I. Rewm'mi~g was t:,3" ,10"C wnt,;:,rbat,h. In 20 ('ontJ'ol rats ea.r(li:w lll'l'OS[ ()cl'ul'rl_~d ' [t,t 4.50C (l'/tllg(2 3 t)o G.5°C) will~ /)(.uly tr'ml)erature, fn.lling to 1°(2: aver:lge (range --I,0 to +2';(;). Only 3 :mi~nals (with only 10..rain arrests) s u r v i v e d ~ 2 for 2 hrs and 1 which h,,! eoole(l to 0"C, twrmangntly. tn 26 intoxi(:al,ed ra).~ e:.t)'(liae stan(lst.i.llt)eeurred at. 3.7~C (range I t 0 8.5°C), wil:h body temperatufts drolH)ing to an ~tv(.,rage of 0"C and range - 5 [O -1.v(..... "~ 'l'lm hctt,'t • rt,asl:art:ed at 12 tO ,,.,~r'°r"v,cornl,aretl to 16 t.o 1,8~(~ ill the controls, All 10-rain arl't~slt!:d .llllim.als
we.re" l)crma, llellt;
Sl,lrvivors~
all
30:,nin arreste(l animals ret:un~ed i.o r(ilativelY normal electrocardiograms, and 2 Were p e r m a n e n t Sllrvivors. I'Ie,"|rl; rate at tl,e end of arrest) showed pCO=ranging from 35 t o 50 m m Hg, p0,., from a5 to 90, I)H f r o m 6.5 to 7,1, mldl:.)ase defieil; from --1.0 to ....20 m E q lm!' liter. Aleoho!ie rats did not cool or wm'm apt~ree.i,,tbly faster, and fibrillation occurred only twice .in each group and did .nOt appear [o I)e. a, significant:., fact, or.. Thus,.'aleoh0i does offer definite cardiac protection and beLter survival, after PrOfound ' hytmthermia,, api)arently by allowing ('aa'(liac. function to e0nf]nue I,o a tow temperature. 14. 'l-t[eart Rate during: l | y p i ~ t h e r m i a i,l Una n e s t l i e t i z e ( i Rats T P e a t e d with D i n ~ e l h y l
S u I fo x i d e J J. A. P Ax US KA, J wL1o Prm I~z-CoLoN,* aND B.om,:UT P. ]3A,xKa* (Departmenl; of Biology, Georgetown University, W a s h i n g t o n , 1). C,.). When. cold st.ress e-,,,...xeecd,.s-t h e thermoregulatory capaeity of an animal, body teml)eral.ure falls and hea.rt raLc l,rogressively th.clint,"~.~ ..... I n vi.ro; the rat~ ]mart, ('ollI:iT~lles t.o t.)e::~t, until :~..bo(ly t.(:inperat, tn'e t r Of al)Otll; oQ o ( ',..,. ~'{., have studied the ell'oct of dim('ths, l sulfoxide (.1)~ " R,ISO') tr(mtrnent on temperature-in(hw, ed vbang(::,s in heart rate. Copper elec.tro(les were "tl.l.aehed to the peeloralis muscles of femMe a.lbino rats,. 150 to 250.g, and exteriorized thTough t h e line.k" o f - t h e neck for ftllAlre attae.h-" men t., ,'md eh:e/,roea rdiogra phie recording. O n e week later, wilh fin" clipped, the Sll}-Lieets wore, CXt' " )o,_cds, to moderate air fl0w and an. ambient temperature of 2°C within :~ 21-cm diameter elmmber .whi(th allowed relatively unresta'ai,w.d movement. Electroc~mliograms were ol)t'.dned fi'om the imphmaxl .,lect~o(h..,~, and body temperatures, were lc(.mdc t from. deep colonic t,hermoeoui)leS. I m m e d i a t e l y t)t:fi:)ro. Lhe c0ld stress, Sub jr.ors ' ,o" ,, either 6 g " - ~ec..r~(d of .I)M,.O per kg in saline (approximately 30% D M S O ) or saline. a Ione.. ini.raperil;one,tllv..' ])i~
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1 5 . Hypotiierniia a n d B e h a v i o r a l T h c r m o r e g u h~toPy "'Ie m p e P a t u r e ;PJ',efet-,ence.,,s MI'rCi-t EL R . (.;U.XLUA* aNU F . E , ~o -' u.r.l.t ' ( ])epartnlen t;S;f.Physi' 01ogv and. ' ~ , , , " . ' , .,~, ... ~pacc S(.umccs B.esenrch Cm~{.m,; Unive!'Si.lLy of M is,~our:i, C,olumbia,: MiSsom:].). --13ehavior,d timrmoreguhtt0ry, temperature preferenee. wns invesLigated p i '.i o ..r " t o an ~ ~t f o l i 0 u S n g both mild: (13.5°C) m i d dec, p .(00C and l l ? r ) !~Ypo-: (Jmrrnia..induced bY tim m e t ; h o d o f AndJus.-m~d 8tmt:ll. ren!Perat,tm.,,.preferene c 0f...adult~.i. maie hlil'l'l S~.e i'8 ( dl ~?i ~ aural, u s ).w . . .a. .s. . . assessed wi~h . .f. .('8OCYg~t"e ..... aprmratitses specifieally d e s i g n e d and consta, ucted "l
"Sul)ported 1)y NIHI. (Ivnnt N o . . H E 08946 from T "~ ) th(:; I,.,8I. HS. "~SUpl~Orted ',, Research and ".... ' by IJ.S..Army ~,~ ~ l(:duaI Dew.'.l opment, Colll.lnand " , Contrqet I ") A - 4 9' - 1 9 3' - M D 2668,
't
•
"
r
s Supported l)v ( 3 r a n t " N G l ~ 26-00,1-025 from. the N a t i o n a l . A e r 0 n a u t i c s and Space Adininistrafion.
364
A N NUA L M E E T I N G ABSTRACTS
Irradiation was initiated after deep ]lypot:hermie for that purpose. Each of the 10 apparatuses consisted of five individual boxes a r r a n g e d as ~ levels had been reached, after 30 to 45 niin in the pentagon a r o u n d a central arena. The temperarats and after 90 to 135 rain in the hamst.m.s. Iletaros of the boxes were controlled so that/ -~ sttbanimation, essentially by the m e t h o d o f Andjus ject could select environmental temperatures of trod Loveloek (J. Physiol., 1'28: 448, 1955), of the either l, 6, 12, 18 or 26eC. Activity was continu,at..',s and hamsters w'~s begun 60 and 120 ,nin, reously monitored on an event~ recorder which was st)eet, ivelY, from the time that the deep levels were controlled !)3" photocells at the ei1LlW wtl,ys of e'mh first attained. The irradiation was ,ucomp l
A.N N UA L M L l ~ FI N G A 13STI.( A C I. S
nmlie hernias. The teehni~lue was cornph.~te exposure of both vrus which are approxim'd.ed by three or four Sut.ures, n fter width llllrtl:tn aorta, apI)roxinmi.("ly 2~,~ in, sq.,lare, is l~hleed over the suUlre limi s~, t.lmt il, i~ t , ut. ;rod removes tension from t.im sui.tm, s..Following this the plu'enoesoplmgeal •ligament is sutured to tl~is graft,, ltl addition the rotflin(.', suture (.)f l:lm. eSol)lH.tgus 1;o t,}m lesser ('urva-
turc~ of the aorta is utilized to a.ngulate the esophagogast:ric junc t..ion.In 30 iml.ienls lhere has been no graft rejection; posi.oi)erat,ive convaleseenc, e was unevenl,ful. No rectwrenec'.s have been experienced and it, was possiMe to terminate na~ogastrie suction in. ap1)roximateiy half tim. time of similar cases where Teflon grafts wo.re used.
Ilypo |herin ia 13. l ' r o l c e l i v e Effect o f E t h y l A l c o h o l in Prof o u n d l l y p o l h e r m i a . '~ .'~VATTS l;{. WEBI! AND NouMax l"l,umtso,x* (]),:])artm(mt of Surgery, Th,: Univer.,s:ity of Texas Southweslern Medical Sclmol, l),tlht.s, Textts). "]'lm "'ahu.: of ,le0hol in profound hYl)othermi~ h:~s 1.meninv(.,.,s_'tignted in l:[ousl.on Cht,¢,k rats, l'h'evi,.ms sl.u,lios suggested tl,at, td('ohol .may bp. of value by l~rev(,nting v(.'nt,'icular til)rilla.tion, Two milliliters of 50% 'th:oho] wus inj(,el,ed intrtperitonenlly int.o 250-g l'alS; :,llld the animals were tr,'tcheotomized and reSl,irt:d with room air with dhninishing t.idul volumes wliile,, cooled b y immersio~i in ieod s a l t - w a t e r ( .....15"'C). Ret'.tal ten]l)eratt~res 4ttd oleel;roear,li(~grg~ll~S were mol~itore.(I. Rewm'mi~g was t:,3" ,10"C wnt,;:,rbat,h. In 20 ('ontJ'ol rats ea.r(li:w lll'l'OS[ ()cl'ul'rl_~d ' [t,t 4.50C (l'/tllg(2 3 t)o G.5°C) will~ /)(.uly tr'ml)erature, fn.lling to 1°(2: aver:lge (range --I,0 to +2';(;). Only 3 :mi~nals (with only 10..rain arrests) s u r v i v e d ~ 2 for 2 hrs and 1 which h,,! eoole(l to 0"C, twrmangntly. tn 26 intoxi(:al,ed ra).~ e:.t)'(liae stan(lst.i.llt)eeurred at. 3.7~C (range I t 0 8.5°C), wil:h body temperatufts drolH)ing to an ~tv(.,rage of 0"C and range - 5 [O -1.v(..... "~ 'l'lm hctt,'t • rt,asl:art:ed at 12 tO ,,.,~r'°r"v,cornl,aretl to 16 t.o 1,8~(~ ill the controls, All 10-rain arl't~slt!:d .llllim.als
we.re" l)crma, llellt;
Sl,lrvivors~
all
30:,nin arreste(l animals ret:un~ed i.o r(ilativelY normal electrocardiograms, and 2 Were p e r m a n e n t Sllrvivors. I'Ie,"|rl; rate at tl,e end of arrest) showed pCO=ranging from 35 t o 50 m m Hg, p0,., from a5 to 90, I)H f r o m 6.5 to 7,1, mldl:.)ase defieil; from --1.0 to ....20 m E q lm!' liter. Aleoho!ie rats did not cool or wm'm apt~ree.i,,tbly faster, and fibrillation occurred only twice .in each group and did .nOt appear [o I)e. a, significant:., fact, or.. Thus,.'aleoh0i does offer definite cardiac protection and beLter survival, after PrOfound ' hytmthermia,, api)arently by allowing ('aa'(liac. function to e0nf]nue I,o a tow temperature. 14. 'l-t[eart Rate during: l | y p i ~ t h e r m i a i,l Una n e s t l i e t i z e ( i Rats T P e a t e d with D i n ~ e l h y l
S u I fo x i d e J J. A. P Ax US KA, J wL1o Prm I~z-CoLoN,* aND B.om,:UT P. ]3A,xKa* (Departmenl; of Biology, Georgetown University, W a s h i n g t o n , 1). C,.). When. cold st.ress e-,,,...xeecd,.s-t h e thermoregulatory capaeity of an animal, body teml)eral.ure falls and hea.rt raLc l,rogressively th.clint,"~.~ ..... I n vi.ro; the rat~ ]mart, ('ollI:iT~lles t.o t.)e::~t, until :~..bo(ly t.(:inperat, tn'e t r Of al)Otll; oQ o ( ',..,. ~'{., have studied the ell'oct of dim('ths, l sulfoxide (.1)~ " R,ISO') tr(mtrnent on temperature-in(hw, ed vbang(::,s in heart rate. Copper elec.tro(les were "tl.l.aehed to the peeloralis muscles of femMe a.lbino rats,. 150 to 250.g, and exteriorized thTough t h e line.k" o f - t h e neck for ftllAlre attae.h-" men t., ,'md eh:e/,roea rdiogra phie recording. O n e week later, wilh fin" clipped, the Sll}-Lieets wore, CXt' " )o,_cds, to moderate air fl0w and an. ambient temperature of 2°C within :~ 21-cm diameter elmmber .whi(th allowed relatively unresta'ai,w.d movement. Electroc~mliograms were ol)t'.dned fi'om the imphmaxl .,lect~o(h..,~, and body temperatures, were lc(.mdc t from. deep colonic t,hermoeoui)leS. I m m e d i a t e l y t)t:fi:)ro. Lhe c0ld stress, Sub jr.ors ' ,o" ,, either 6 g " - ~ec..r~(d of .I)M,.O per kg in saline (approximately 30% D M S O ) or saline. a Ione.. ini.raperil;one,tllv..' ])i~
. . . .
"~
t~
,
•
,
"
q'
.i
'
1 5 . Hypotiierniia a n d B e h a v i o r a l T h c r m o r e g u h~toPy "'Ie m p e P a t u r e ;PJ',efet-,ence.,,s MI'rCi-t EL R . (.;U.XLUA* aNU F . E , ~o -' u.r.l.t ' ( ])epartnlen t;S;f.Physi' 01ogv and. ' ~ , , , " . ' , .,~, ... ~pacc S(.umccs B.esenrch Cm~{.m,; Unive!'Si.lLy of M is,~our:i, C,olumbia,: MiSsom:].). --13ehavior,d timrmoreguhtt0ry, temperature preferenee. wns invesLigated p i '.i o ..r " t o an ~ ~t f o l i 0 u S n g both mild: (13.5°C) m i d dec, p .(00C and l l ? r ) !~Ypo-: (Jmrrnia..induced bY tim m e t ; h o d o f AndJus.-m~d 8tmt:ll. ren!Perat,tm.,,.preferene c 0f...adult~.i. maie hlil'l'l S~.e i'8 ( dl ~?i ~ aural, u s ).w . . .a. .s. . . assessed wi~h . .f. .('8OCYg~t"e ..... aprmratitses specifieally d e s i g n e d and consta, ucted "l
"Sul)ported 1)y NIHI. (Ivnnt N o . . H E 08946 from T "~ ) th(:; I,.,8I. HS. "~SUpl~Orted ',, Research and ".... ' by IJ.S..Army ~,~ ~ l(:duaI Dew.'.l opment, Colll.lnand " , Contrqet I ") A - 4 9' - 1 9 3' - M D 2668,
't
•
"
r
s Supported l)v ( 3 r a n t " N G l ~ 26-00,1-025 from. the N a t i o n a l . A e r 0 n a u t i c s and Space Adininistrafion.
364
A N NUA L M E E T I N G ABSTRACTS
Irradiation was initiated after deep ]lypot:hermie for that purpose. Each of the 10 apparatuses consisted of five individual boxes a r r a n g e d as ~ levels had been reached, after 30 to 45 niin in the pentagon a r o u n d a central arena. The temperarats and after 90 to 135 rain in the hamst.m.s. Iletaros of the boxes were controlled so that/ -~ sttbanimation, essentially by the m e t h o d o f Andjus ject could select environmental temperatures of trod Loveloek (J. Physiol., 1'28: 448, 1955), of the either l, 6, 12, 18 or 26eC. Activity was continu,at..',s and hamsters w'~s begun 60 and 120 ,nin, reously monitored on an event~ recorder which was st)eet, ivelY, from the time that the deep levels were controlled !)3" photocells at the ei1LlW wtl,ys of e'mh first attained. The irradiation was ,ucomp l