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2323. Buclosamide in the shade
274
THE CHEMICAL ENVIRONMENT
motor function, co-ordination, equilibrium or behavioural patterns. Some subjects complained of a transient dizziness during the first 30 min of exposure, and eye irritation occurred when the concentration reached the upper limit, but the only statistically significant neurological effect was a decreased performance in the perception test under conditions of mental strain. The authors conclude that daily exposure for two 4-hr periods to 450 ppm trichloroethane (for which the currently accepted threshold limit value is 350 ppm) is without effect on psychophysiological function, although a decrease in performance may occur when exposure coincides with a condition of mental stress.
2323. Buclosamide in the shade
Burry, J. N. (1970). Persistent light reactions from buclosamide. Archs Derm. 101, 95. Burry, J. N. & Hunter, G. A. (1970). Photocontact dermatitis from Jadit. Br. J. Derm. 82, 224. Burry, J. N. (1969). Lipstick and lupus erythematosus. New Engl. J. Med. 281, 620. Buclosamide (4-chloro-2-hydroxybenzoic acid N-n-butylamide; Jadit) is included in preparations for the topical treatment of superficial fungal infections. In the first paper cited above, buclosamide is reported to have been responsible for persistent photosensitivity rashes (which the author calls "localized persistent light reactions") in two patients in South Australia. In one man the reaction was confined to the back and sides of the neck, in the other to the dorsa of the feet, those being the sites which were most exposed to sunlight and to which the preparation had been repeatedly applied. Both patients gave positive reactions to photopatch tests with buclosamide, and one was found to cross-react when photopatch-tested with p-aminobenzoic acid. It was suggested that the allergen primarily responsible for the reaction might be produced by ultraviolet irradiation of buclosamide retained for long periods in the dermis and only slowly metabolized. The second paper cited reviews cases of photocontact dermatitis to buclosamide recognized in Europe and Australia since the first case was reported from Germany in 1961. In the 11 cases reported in Europe, the period of application of the material to the skin prior to the first appearance of the photosensitivity reaction varied from 2 wk to 18 months, while in the 13 cases reported from Australia the period varied from 1 wk to 12 months, a difference probably reflecting the greater power of the Australian sun to elicit reactions. The sites of the primary reaction in both series were the face, neck, hands, arms and feet. Six of the Australian patients were tested for cross-photosensitivity to related compounds, the results being positive to p-aminobenzoic acid in two cases, to cyclopenthiazide in three, to chlorpropamide in one and to hydrochlorothiazide in one. The third paper cited digresses somewhat from the theme of photosensitization to buclosamide, but points out that "localized persistent light reactions" may follow skin application of halogenated phenols in soaps and ointments, of buclosamide as an antifungal dressing and of eosin in lipsticks. The author suggests that eosin may have a further effect, when ingested, in producing the symptoms of systemic lupus erythematosus, which is now designated as one of the autoimmune diseases and which often presents as a photosensitivity rash and is some eight times commoner in women than in man.
THE CHEMICAL ENVIRONMENT
motor function, co-ordination, equilibrium or behavioural patterns. Some subjects complained of a transient dizziness during the first 30 min of exposure, and eye irritation occurred when the concentration reached the upper limit, but the only statistically significant neurological effect was a decreased performance in the perception test under conditions of mental strain. The authors conclude that daily exposure for two 4-hr periods to 450 ppm trichloroethane (for which the currently accepted threshold limit value is 350 ppm) is without effect on psychophysiological function, although a decrease in performance may occur when exposure coincides with a condition of mental stress.
2323. Buclosamide in the shade
Burry, J. N. (1970). Persistent light reactions from buclosamide. Archs Derm. 101, 95. Burry, J. N. & Hunter, G. A. (1970). Photocontact dermatitis from Jadit. Br. J. Derm. 82, 224. Burry, J. N. (1969). Lipstick and lupus erythematosus. New Engl. J. Med. 281, 620. Buclosamide (4-chloro-2-hydroxybenzoic acid N-n-butylamide; Jadit) is included in preparations for the topical treatment of superficial fungal infections. In the first paper cited above, buclosamide is reported to have been responsible for persistent photosensitivity rashes (which the author calls "localized persistent light reactions") in two patients in South Australia. In one man the reaction was confined to the back and sides of the neck, in the other to the dorsa of the feet, those being the sites which were most exposed to sunlight and to which the preparation had been repeatedly applied. Both patients gave positive reactions to photopatch tests with buclosamide, and one was found to cross-react when photopatch-tested with p-aminobenzoic acid. It was suggested that the allergen primarily responsible for the reaction might be produced by ultraviolet irradiation of buclosamide retained for long periods in the dermis and only slowly metabolized. The second paper cited reviews cases of photocontact dermatitis to buclosamide recognized in Europe and Australia since the first case was reported from Germany in 1961. In the 11 cases reported in Europe, the period of application of the material to the skin prior to the first appearance of the photosensitivity reaction varied from 2 wk to 18 months, while in the 13 cases reported from Australia the period varied from 1 wk to 12 months, a difference probably reflecting the greater power of the Australian sun to elicit reactions. The sites of the primary reaction in both series were the face, neck, hands, arms and feet. Six of the Australian patients were tested for cross-photosensitivity to related compounds, the results being positive to p-aminobenzoic acid in two cases, to cyclopenthiazide in three, to chlorpropamide in one and to hydrochlorothiazide in one. The third paper cited digresses somewhat from the theme of photosensitization to buclosamide, but points out that "localized persistent light reactions" may follow skin application of halogenated phenols in soaps and ointments, of buclosamide as an antifungal dressing and of eosin in lipsticks. The author suggests that eosin may have a further effect, when ingested, in producing the symptoms of systemic lupus erythematosus, which is now designated as one of the autoimmune diseases and which often presents as a photosensitivity rash and is some eight times commoner in women than in man.