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289. Ovarian response to gonadotropin stimulation during the postpartum period in non-lactating women
364
Abstracts
gonadotropin injection, plasma P and plasma 20aOH fell to low levels at 5 h after mating and remained low in the first few days, but started to rise on days 4 to 5. In pregnant rabbits, the rise in plasma P occurred at an earlier stage than in pseudopregnant rabbits. On day 6 plasma P levels were significantly higher in pregnant. 1244 + 1.78 ng/ml, than in pseudopregnant rabbits, 4.32 & 1.I8 ng/ml; suggesting that the products of conception exert a luteotropic influence on the maternal organism already before implantation takes place late on day 7. Blastocysts were collected from pregnant rabbits on days 5, 6 and 7 for determination of gonadotropin activity by the radio receptor ligand assay. Chorionic gonadotropin-like activity was present in all blastocysts in concentrations varying from 25 to 75 ng/ml. 286. Effect of dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate on the levels of maternal serum progesterone in late pregnancy NAKAHARA, K., ICHIMARU, S., MORI. N. and MAEYAMA, M., Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Kumamoto University, Medical School. Kumamoto. Japan Dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate (DHAS), an important precursor of estrogens during pregnancy, is used as a fetoplacental function test. However, the effect of DHAS administration on the metabolism of other steroids is hardly known., In preliminary in vitro experiments, homogenates of term placentas were incubated with labelled pregnenolone in the presence or absence of DHA and androstenedione (one of the metabolites of DHAS in the placenta), and these steroids markedly inhibited the conversion of pregnenolone to progesterone. Progesterone levels of maternal serum following i.v. injection of DHAS, 100 or 200mg, were determined by a radioimmunoassay. In two patients in the 38th and 40th week of pregnancy with a live anencephalic fetus, levels of serum progesterone decreased remarkably to about 30 to 405;, of the control values. On the contrary, in a pregnant woman with twins, the level of serum progesterone after DHAS injection increased. 287. Effect of estriol, dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate and prednisone on serum levels of HCG, HCS and prolactin during the third trimester of pregnancy PUIOL-AMAT. P., PEREZ-LOPEZ. F., DAVI. E.. BENITO, E.. GUERRA, T. and GAMISSANS, 0.. Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Central University of Barcelona, Spain and Human Reproduction Research Unit, St. Pierre Hospital, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium The existence of a feed-back system between placental HCG and the fetal adrenals in humans has been postulated. In order to investigate further this point, serum concentration of HCG, HCS and prolactin were determined by a double antibody R.I.A. in 25 patients at short intervals during 24 h. The women were divided into 4 groups. 10 women served as controls, 5 received 20 mg of estriol (Ea). 5 received 50 mg of dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate (DHEAS-S), and the last 5 received 50 mg of prednisone. In the control group, circadian periodicity was only found for prolactin (when measured by an human-antihuman prolactin system), but not for HCG and HCS. The administration of E,,DHEA-S and prednisone did not result in any modification of serum levels of HCG,HCS and prolactin. The present investigation does not provide any indication of a possible feed-back mechanism between placental protein and prolactin and the steroid hormones used in this study.
288. Hormone levels in foetal calves and calving cows WELCH. R. A. S.. HUNTER, J. T.. PETERSON, A. J. and FAIRCLOUGH, R. J.. Ruakura Animal Research Station, Hamilton. New &aland Hormones were measured in the plasma of chronically cannulated foetal calves and their mothers during the last six weeks of pregnancy. Total oestrone (E,), 17z-oestradiol (E,r) and 17goestradiol (E$) were measured in foetal calf plasma. Mean levels of nine foetuses at about 40 days were: E, 40 ng/ml; E,x 17 ng/ml; E,/i 47 ng;ml. There were marked changes in these oestrogen concentrations up to parturition. Free levels of oestrone and oestradiol were measured in foetal plasma by radioimmunoassay following separation using LH-20 chromatography. In one calf there were no marked changes in the levels of either oestrone or oestradiol from day 17 to calving. In the other calf. the concentration of oestrone rose at term whereas the concentration of oestradiol fell from day 4. The observed concentrations of oestrone and oestradiol in both calves ranged from 15-50 pg/ml and 20-100 pg/ml respectively. Plasma corticosteroids were analysed by a modification of Murphy’s protein binding method. Levels at 40 days (9 foetal calves) were 4.5 ng/ml; at 20 days (1 calf) 10 nglml; and during the last 10 days rose from long/ml (3 calves) to lOOng/ml at parturition (2 calves). Prostaglandin F was measured by radioimmunoassay in plasma from the uteroovarian vein of calving cows. Up to day 7, levels in 4 cows were below 0.5ng/ml. Levels in all cows increased significantly towards parturition, reaching a peak of 45 ng/ml in one cow. Progesterone levels in all these cows, measured by competitive protein binding, will be presented. 289. Ovarian response to gonadotropin stimulation during the postpartum period in non-lactating women CANALES. E. S., Z;\RATE. A.. SORIA. J.. LEON. C. and FONSECA, M. E., Gynaecological-Endocrinology Department, Hosp. Ginec-Ohstet No. I. IMSS, Mexico City, Mexico In a previous study, the administration of human gonadotropins (HMG) to 6 lactating women from day 5 through 9 postpartum elicited no significant elevation of urinary estrogens. This lack of ovarian response suggested that the ovaries were refractory to gonadotropin stimulation due to some mechanism which involved lactation. In the present study, 5 non-lactating women were given HMG at dosage of 225 ILJ per day, from day 5 through 9 post delivery. Serum estrddiol-17[{ and urinary estrogens showed no significant elevation within the 20 days after delivery. Before HMG stimulation, FSH serum levels were undetectable, and serum prolactin concentration was elevated ( > lOOng/ml); however an abrupt decline in prolactin levels was observed by the 4th day post delivery. From these results it seems likely thdt other factors besides lactation determine the ovarian refractoriness after delivery. The suggestion that prolactin may possess anti-gonadotropic activity is apparently not valid.
8B. Steroids and placenta; feto-placental function 290. Comparative study of progesterone formation from different precursors, by human full-term placenta BEDIN. M. and CEDARD, L.. Maternite de Port-Royal (E.R. CNRS No. 123) Paris XIV, France
Abstracts
gonadotropin injection, plasma P and plasma 20aOH fell to low levels at 5 h after mating and remained low in the first few days, but started to rise on days 4 to 5. In pregnant rabbits, the rise in plasma P occurred at an earlier stage than in pseudopregnant rabbits. On day 6 plasma P levels were significantly higher in pregnant. 1244 + 1.78 ng/ml, than in pseudopregnant rabbits, 4.32 & 1.I8 ng/ml; suggesting that the products of conception exert a luteotropic influence on the maternal organism already before implantation takes place late on day 7. Blastocysts were collected from pregnant rabbits on days 5, 6 and 7 for determination of gonadotropin activity by the radio receptor ligand assay. Chorionic gonadotropin-like activity was present in all blastocysts in concentrations varying from 25 to 75 ng/ml. 286. Effect of dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate on the levels of maternal serum progesterone in late pregnancy NAKAHARA, K., ICHIMARU, S., MORI. N. and MAEYAMA, M., Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Kumamoto University, Medical School. Kumamoto. Japan Dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate (DHAS), an important precursor of estrogens during pregnancy, is used as a fetoplacental function test. However, the effect of DHAS administration on the metabolism of other steroids is hardly known., In preliminary in vitro experiments, homogenates of term placentas were incubated with labelled pregnenolone in the presence or absence of DHA and androstenedione (one of the metabolites of DHAS in the placenta), and these steroids markedly inhibited the conversion of pregnenolone to progesterone. Progesterone levels of maternal serum following i.v. injection of DHAS, 100 or 200mg, were determined by a radioimmunoassay. In two patients in the 38th and 40th week of pregnancy with a live anencephalic fetus, levels of serum progesterone decreased remarkably to about 30 to 405;, of the control values. On the contrary, in a pregnant woman with twins, the level of serum progesterone after DHAS injection increased. 287. Effect of estriol, dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate and prednisone on serum levels of HCG, HCS and prolactin during the third trimester of pregnancy PUIOL-AMAT. P., PEREZ-LOPEZ. F., DAVI. E.. BENITO, E.. GUERRA, T. and GAMISSANS, 0.. Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Central University of Barcelona, Spain and Human Reproduction Research Unit, St. Pierre Hospital, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium The existence of a feed-back system between placental HCG and the fetal adrenals in humans has been postulated. In order to investigate further this point, serum concentration of HCG, HCS and prolactin were determined by a double antibody R.I.A. in 25 patients at short intervals during 24 h. The women were divided into 4 groups. 10 women served as controls, 5 received 20 mg of estriol (Ea). 5 received 50 mg of dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate (DHEAS-S), and the last 5 received 50 mg of prednisone. In the control group, circadian periodicity was only found for prolactin (when measured by an human-antihuman prolactin system), but not for HCG and HCS. The administration of E,,DHEA-S and prednisone did not result in any modification of serum levels of HCG,HCS and prolactin. The present investigation does not provide any indication of a possible feed-back mechanism between placental protein and prolactin and the steroid hormones used in this study.
288. Hormone levels in foetal calves and calving cows WELCH. R. A. S.. HUNTER, J. T.. PETERSON, A. J. and FAIRCLOUGH, R. J.. Ruakura Animal Research Station, Hamilton. New &aland Hormones were measured in the plasma of chronically cannulated foetal calves and their mothers during the last six weeks of pregnancy. Total oestrone (E,), 17z-oestradiol (E,r) and 17goestradiol (E$) were measured in foetal calf plasma. Mean levels of nine foetuses at about 40 days were: E, 40 ng/ml; E,x 17 ng/ml; E,/i 47 ng;ml. There were marked changes in these oestrogen concentrations up to parturition. Free levels of oestrone and oestradiol were measured in foetal plasma by radioimmunoassay following separation using LH-20 chromatography. In one calf there were no marked changes in the levels of either oestrone or oestradiol from day 17 to calving. In the other calf. the concentration of oestrone rose at term whereas the concentration of oestradiol fell from day 4. The observed concentrations of oestrone and oestradiol in both calves ranged from 15-50 pg/ml and 20-100 pg/ml respectively. Plasma corticosteroids were analysed by a modification of Murphy’s protein binding method. Levels at 40 days (9 foetal calves) were 4.5 ng/ml; at 20 days (1 calf) 10 nglml; and during the last 10 days rose from long/ml (3 calves) to lOOng/ml at parturition (2 calves). Prostaglandin F was measured by radioimmunoassay in plasma from the uteroovarian vein of calving cows. Up to day 7, levels in 4 cows were below 0.5ng/ml. Levels in all cows increased significantly towards parturition, reaching a peak of 45 ng/ml in one cow. Progesterone levels in all these cows, measured by competitive protein binding, will be presented. 289. Ovarian response to gonadotropin stimulation during the postpartum period in non-lactating women CANALES. E. S., Z;\RATE. A.. SORIA. J.. LEON. C. and FONSECA, M. E., Gynaecological-Endocrinology Department, Hosp. Ginec-Ohstet No. I. IMSS, Mexico City, Mexico In a previous study, the administration of human gonadotropins (HMG) to 6 lactating women from day 5 through 9 postpartum elicited no significant elevation of urinary estrogens. This lack of ovarian response suggested that the ovaries were refractory to gonadotropin stimulation due to some mechanism which involved lactation. In the present study, 5 non-lactating women were given HMG at dosage of 225 ILJ per day, from day 5 through 9 post delivery. Serum estrddiol-17[{ and urinary estrogens showed no significant elevation within the 20 days after delivery. Before HMG stimulation, FSH serum levels were undetectable, and serum prolactin concentration was elevated ( > lOOng/ml); however an abrupt decline in prolactin levels was observed by the 4th day post delivery. From these results it seems likely thdt other factors besides lactation determine the ovarian refractoriness after delivery. The suggestion that prolactin may possess anti-gonadotropic activity is apparently not valid.
8B. Steroids and placenta; feto-placental function 290. Comparative study of progesterone formation from different precursors, by human full-term placenta BEDIN. M. and CEDARD, L.. Maternite de Port-Royal (E.R. CNRS No. 123) Paris XIV, France