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293. Double Pirani bridge leak detector
303
Abstracts 292--298 residual gases were analysed by means of a cyclotron resonance mass spectrometer o f the omegatron type Analysm was contlnuous before, during and after both (a) ion pumping with a Bayard-Alpert pattern hot-cathode gauge and (b) the dispersal of a barmm getter Results are more extensive than any pubhshed hitherto and are presented both as mass spectra and the variation of gas constitution with time throughout each stage of the above operations The study illustrates the potentlahties of the omegatron as a tool for solwng many problems existing in vacuum technology In particular, by regarding the BayardAlpert pattern gauge as an electron tube, it Is shown that the omegatron is well suited to the analysis of residual gases during the manufacture and hfe of tubes (Authors) Frankhn A Baker and Tizmno A Gmrgl, Vacuum, 10, 58-63, 1960 22 41 292. Some Results of the Measurement of Caesium Vapour Pressure in Pbotoelectlac Tubes dmang their Manufacture and Life. Yugoslawa Residual caesmm pressure (Pcs) m phototubes with A g - O - C s and Cs3Sb cathodes have been determined by using the method described m the previous paper and compared to the calculated values Pc~ m a C%Sb cell at r o o m temperature is about 10-1. Torr, and m a A g - O - C s cell about a hundred Umes lower We observed an appreciable increasing of Pcs in CsaSb photo-cells during the operatmn " Current activatmn " of Cs3Sb photocathodes can be explained by this effect Pcs data for different photocathode activation processes of photocells and photo-mulUphers are given Senslbilizatmn of photocathodes with minute quanUtms of oxygen lowers the Pcs Relations between Pcs and photomultipher dark current are discussed (Authors) E Kansky and S Jen6, Vacuum, 10, 240--244, 1960 22
293. Double Pirani Bridge Leak Detector. G Calvl, Vacuum, 10, 64-67, 1960 22 27 37 294. Measurements on the Properties of a Simple Omegatron. Umted Kingdom Measurements have been made on a simple omegatron mass spectrometer, to show the effect of various parameters on the sensRlvlty, resonant frequency, resolutmn and background ion current Increase of magnetic field has been shown to cause a marked improvement in peak-to-background ratio, and to improve resolution approximately as predicted by the simple theory The range has been extended to include Hg, the height of Hg peaks having been shown to be proportional to the pressure of Hg vapour present Using the results it has been possible to make a practical appraisal of the sensItwlty of the omegatron as a leak detector This leads to less optimistic sensRwlty values than have been quoted on theoretical grounds (Author) D S Stark, Vacuum, 9, 288-294, 1959 22 295. A Piezoelectric Oscillator Manometer United Kingdom This paper describes a simple manometer for the measurement of pressures of gases and vapours within the range 760 Torr to 10 -1 Torr, with a linear scale It uses the damping effect of the gas or vapour upon the sustained vibratmns of a commercmlly available piezoelectric quartz crystal The damping effect is examined theoretically and the behawour of the gauge is shown to be generally m accordance w~th calculation (Author) D J Pacey, Vacuum, 9, 261-263, 1959 22 21 33 37 47 296. Experience in Using Mass-Spectrometric Methods in Electro-Vacuum Technology I A Kal3abma and Ya A Yukhwdm, Vacuum, 9, 117-125, 1959
22 297. Mass Dependent Ion Collection Efficieneles in a Mass Spectrometer Note b y D A Kubose and W H Hamlll, J Phys Chem, 65, 183-184, January 1961 22 11 12 37 38 Analysis of Partial Pressures by Means of Omegatron and Farvltron See Abstr No 226 22 11 16 18 21 47 Electrical Clean-up of Gases in Hot Cathode Discharge Tubes. See Abstr No 231 22 12 A McLeod Manometer with Prescribed Volumes for Use as a Standard Instrument. See Abstr No 235 22 12 The Measurement of the Pressures of Various Gases by means of a Piranl gauge See Abstr No 237 22 12 16 21 Initial Pumping and Recovery of Ionization Gauges. See Abstr No 238 22 16 21 Apparatus and Techniques for Measurements of the Adsorption of Gases by Evaporated Getters See Abstr No 245 22 16 21 An Automatic Apparatus for the Testing of Getter Adsorption. See Abstr No 246 22 18 30 Cathodic Etching in a Penning Cold Cathode Discharge See Abstr No 263 22 21 A Partial Pressure Vacuum Gauge Working According to the Principle of the Electrleal Mass Filter. See Abstr No 274
Residual Gases in Picture Tubes
22 See Abstr No 309
31
37
22 31 33 Emplol d'une Diode d'EssaIs eomme Moyen de Contr61e des Mat6riaux de Constriction des Tubes l~lectronlques See Abstr No 310
An Electrostatic Mass Spectroscope Ion Movements in an Omegatron
22 31 33 See Abstr No 311
12
22
33
See Abstr No 314
22 37 An Omegatron Mass Spectrometer and its Characteristics See Abstr No 323 22 41 A Method for Measuring of Caesium Vapour Pressure in Photoelectric Tubes. See Abstr No 354 22 47 41 Measurement of Gas Evolution and Absorption from Materials used in Vacuum Tubes See Abstr No 367
23.
Plumbing 23
298. A Simple Flexible Vacuum Joint P I P Kalmus, Vacuum, 9, 147, 1959
Abstracts 292--298 residual gases were analysed by means of a cyclotron resonance mass spectrometer o f the omegatron type Analysm was contlnuous before, during and after both (a) ion pumping with a Bayard-Alpert pattern hot-cathode gauge and (b) the dispersal of a barmm getter Results are more extensive than any pubhshed hitherto and are presented both as mass spectra and the variation of gas constitution with time throughout each stage of the above operations The study illustrates the potentlahties of the omegatron as a tool for solwng many problems existing in vacuum technology In particular, by regarding the BayardAlpert pattern gauge as an electron tube, it Is shown that the omegatron is well suited to the analysis of residual gases during the manufacture and hfe of tubes (Authors) Frankhn A Baker and Tizmno A Gmrgl, Vacuum, 10, 58-63, 1960 22 41 292. Some Results of the Measurement of Caesium Vapour Pressure in Pbotoelectlac Tubes dmang their Manufacture and Life. Yugoslawa Residual caesmm pressure (Pcs) m phototubes with A g - O - C s and Cs3Sb cathodes have been determined by using the method described m the previous paper and compared to the calculated values Pc~ m a C%Sb cell at r o o m temperature is about 10-1. Torr, and m a A g - O - C s cell about a hundred Umes lower We observed an appreciable increasing of Pcs in CsaSb photo-cells during the operatmn " Current activatmn " of Cs3Sb photocathodes can be explained by this effect Pcs data for different photocathode activation processes of photocells and photo-mulUphers are given Senslbilizatmn of photocathodes with minute quanUtms of oxygen lowers the Pcs Relations between Pcs and photomultipher dark current are discussed (Authors) E Kansky and S Jen6, Vacuum, 10, 240--244, 1960 22
293. Double Pirani Bridge Leak Detector. G Calvl, Vacuum, 10, 64-67, 1960 22 27 37 294. Measurements on the Properties of a Simple Omegatron. Umted Kingdom Measurements have been made on a simple omegatron mass spectrometer, to show the effect of various parameters on the sensRlvlty, resonant frequency, resolutmn and background ion current Increase of magnetic field has been shown to cause a marked improvement in peak-to-background ratio, and to improve resolution approximately as predicted by the simple theory The range has been extended to include Hg, the height of Hg peaks having been shown to be proportional to the pressure of Hg vapour present Using the results it has been possible to make a practical appraisal of the sensItwlty of the omegatron as a leak detector This leads to less optimistic sensRwlty values than have been quoted on theoretical grounds (Author) D S Stark, Vacuum, 9, 288-294, 1959 22 295. A Piezoelectric Oscillator Manometer United Kingdom This paper describes a simple manometer for the measurement of pressures of gases and vapours within the range 760 Torr to 10 -1 Torr, with a linear scale It uses the damping effect of the gas or vapour upon the sustained vibratmns of a commercmlly available piezoelectric quartz crystal The damping effect is examined theoretically and the behawour of the gauge is shown to be generally m accordance w~th calculation (Author) D J Pacey, Vacuum, 9, 261-263, 1959 22 21 33 37 47 296. Experience in Using Mass-Spectrometric Methods in Electro-Vacuum Technology I A Kal3abma and Ya A Yukhwdm, Vacuum, 9, 117-125, 1959
22 297. Mass Dependent Ion Collection Efficieneles in a Mass Spectrometer Note b y D A Kubose and W H Hamlll, J Phys Chem, 65, 183-184, January 1961 22 11 12 37 38 Analysis of Partial Pressures by Means of Omegatron and Farvltron See Abstr No 226 22 11 16 18 21 47 Electrical Clean-up of Gases in Hot Cathode Discharge Tubes. See Abstr No 231 22 12 A McLeod Manometer with Prescribed Volumes for Use as a Standard Instrument. See Abstr No 235 22 12 The Measurement of the Pressures of Various Gases by means of a Piranl gauge See Abstr No 237 22 12 16 21 Initial Pumping and Recovery of Ionization Gauges. See Abstr No 238 22 16 21 Apparatus and Techniques for Measurements of the Adsorption of Gases by Evaporated Getters See Abstr No 245 22 16 21 An Automatic Apparatus for the Testing of Getter Adsorption. See Abstr No 246 22 18 30 Cathodic Etching in a Penning Cold Cathode Discharge See Abstr No 263 22 21 A Partial Pressure Vacuum Gauge Working According to the Principle of the Electrleal Mass Filter. See Abstr No 274
Residual Gases in Picture Tubes
22 See Abstr No 309
31
37
22 31 33 Emplol d'une Diode d'EssaIs eomme Moyen de Contr61e des Mat6riaux de Constriction des Tubes l~lectronlques See Abstr No 310
An Electrostatic Mass Spectroscope Ion Movements in an Omegatron
22 31 33 See Abstr No 311
12
22
33
See Abstr No 314
22 37 An Omegatron Mass Spectrometer and its Characteristics See Abstr No 323 22 41 A Method for Measuring of Caesium Vapour Pressure in Photoelectric Tubes. See Abstr No 354 22 47 41 Measurement of Gas Evolution and Absorption from Materials used in Vacuum Tubes See Abstr No 367
23.
Plumbing 23
298. A Simple Flexible Vacuum Joint P I P Kalmus, Vacuum, 9, 147, 1959