- Email: [email protected]
328-BRAIN IMAGING STUDIES IN ALEXITHYMIA
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Abstracts / Journal of Psychosomatic Research 56 (2004) 581–673
patients completed questionnaires assessing the amount of physical activities performed pre-rehabilitation and 6 months after discharge. In addition, the extent of exercise planning and strategy usage after discharge from rehabilitation was assessed. Planning was subdivided into two constructs: action planning (planning when, where, and how to exercise) and coping planning (planning how to exercise in the face of barriers such as health related problems or conflicting interests). Strategies entailed selection, optimization, and compensation (SOC). Hierarchical regression analyses indicate that baseline physical activity, action planning and coping planning are predictive of physical activity six months after discharge. SOC strategy usage was predictive of physical activity over and above baseline activity and both planning concepts. Neither age nor age by strategy or planning interactions emerged as significant predictors. Results indicate that the exercise specific strategies of SOC are useful in the prediction of health behavior change in the exercise domain in addition to the more established planning construct. The effectiveness of planning and strategy usage with regard to physical activity seems not to be age dependent. Interventions fostering strategy usage and planning might be effective regarding exercise adherence across all age groups. Examples of such interventions specific for rehabilitation patients will be discussed.
344 EVIDENCE-BASED GUIDELINES OF THE GERMAN DIABETES ASSOCIATION-PSYCHOSOCIAL FACTORS AND DIABETES MELLITUS Petrak F1, Herpertz S2, Albus C3, Hirsch A4, Kulzer B5, Kruse J 6, 1 Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, 2Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Ruhr-University Bochum, 3Department of Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Cologne, 4Hospital Bethanien, Hamburg, 5Diabetes Clinic, Bad Mergentheim, 6Clinical Institute for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Du¨sseldorf University Hospital, Germany.
328 BRAIN IMAGING STUDIES IN ALEXITHYMIA Karlsson H (1,2), Na˘a˘ta˘nen P (3). 1Department of Psychiatry, University of Helsinki, 2Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, 3 Department of Psychology, University of Helsinki.
345 CONSENSUS GUIDELINES FOR THE PSYCHOLOGICAL TREATMENT OF HYPERTENSION Linden W. University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
Modern funtonal brain imaging methods have made it possible to study the neural correlates of several psychological phenomena, such as emotions, cognitions or features of personality. However, only a few studies looking at neural correlates of alexithymia have been published so far. First, the results of these studies will be reviewed. Then a study performed in Turku, Finland will be presented. We collected 10 female right-handed volunteers scoring in the normal range of TAS-20. The participants were showed 12 emotion eliciting film clips lasting an average of 2:30 each. The film clips were designed to induce two specific emotions, namely sadness and amusement, and an emotionally neutral condition. While the subjects were looking at the films, they were scanned with PET (GE Advance, Milwaukee, WI, USA) using radiowater (15-O water) as a tracer. After each PET scan the objects rated their emotional experience with a 30-item questionnaire, which covered the thematic (appraisal), action tendency and feeling aspects of the emotions. The activations between the to experimental groups were then compared. The results of this comparison are presented at the congress.
The aim of this project was to develop evidence based guidelines regarding psychoscial aspects of diabetes mellitus in an effort to help the clinician bridge the gap between research and practice. Recommendations address the following topics: patient education, behavioural medicine, and psychiatric disorders of particular relevance to diabetes: depression, anxiety disorders, eating disorders, and dependence on alcohol and nicotine. The present guidelines were developed through an interdisciplinary process of consensus according to the specifications of evidence-based medicine and are recognised by the German Diabetes Association and the German College for Psychosomatic Medicine as their official guidelines.
Will be reporting on the process and results of a Canadian Consensus Committee report for the psychological treatment of high blood pressure (hypertension). The committee was composed of an internist, a nurse, and three clinical psychologists, and backed by four sponsoring agencies. We systematically reviewed published reviews and individual studies on the outcome of psychological therapies for 1966 – 1997. The panel discussed cost, outcomes, quality of available research, and potential for harm. The commendations included routine consideration of stress as a potential contributor to the disease’s etiology and recommended individualized cognitive-behavioral interventions.
346 STATUS QUO OF THE STRESS REACTIVITY CONCEPT IN UNDERSTANDING THE DEVELOPMENT OF HYPERTENSION Linden W. University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada. This presentation will provide a review of the reactivity concept that represents an overview of work published as a Special Issue in Psychosomatic Medicine, 2003. Reactivity is seen as a marker for the development of hypertensive disease and is treated as any other test that requires documentation of its reliability and validity. While reliability issues have been largely resolved over the last two decades, there is promising but mixed evidence for the predictive validity of the concept. Multiple pathways appear to exist through which reactivity can contribute to disease development; research evidence for their existence and relative explanatory power will be discussed.
Abstracts / Journal of Psychosomatic Research 56 (2004) 581–673
patients completed questionnaires assessing the amount of physical activities performed pre-rehabilitation and 6 months after discharge. In addition, the extent of exercise planning and strategy usage after discharge from rehabilitation was assessed. Planning was subdivided into two constructs: action planning (planning when, where, and how to exercise) and coping planning (planning how to exercise in the face of barriers such as health related problems or conflicting interests). Strategies entailed selection, optimization, and compensation (SOC). Hierarchical regression analyses indicate that baseline physical activity, action planning and coping planning are predictive of physical activity six months after discharge. SOC strategy usage was predictive of physical activity over and above baseline activity and both planning concepts. Neither age nor age by strategy or planning interactions emerged as significant predictors. Results indicate that the exercise specific strategies of SOC are useful in the prediction of health behavior change in the exercise domain in addition to the more established planning construct. The effectiveness of planning and strategy usage with regard to physical activity seems not to be age dependent. Interventions fostering strategy usage and planning might be effective regarding exercise adherence across all age groups. Examples of such interventions specific for rehabilitation patients will be discussed.
344 EVIDENCE-BASED GUIDELINES OF THE GERMAN DIABETES ASSOCIATION-PSYCHOSOCIAL FACTORS AND DIABETES MELLITUS Petrak F1, Herpertz S2, Albus C3, Hirsch A4, Kulzer B5, Kruse J 6, 1 Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, 2Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Ruhr-University Bochum, 3Department of Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Cologne, 4Hospital Bethanien, Hamburg, 5Diabetes Clinic, Bad Mergentheim, 6Clinical Institute for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Du¨sseldorf University Hospital, Germany.
328 BRAIN IMAGING STUDIES IN ALEXITHYMIA Karlsson H (1,2), Na˘a˘ta˘nen P (3). 1Department of Psychiatry, University of Helsinki, 2Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, 3 Department of Psychology, University of Helsinki.
345 CONSENSUS GUIDELINES FOR THE PSYCHOLOGICAL TREATMENT OF HYPERTENSION Linden W. University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
Modern funtonal brain imaging methods have made it possible to study the neural correlates of several psychological phenomena, such as emotions, cognitions or features of personality. However, only a few studies looking at neural correlates of alexithymia have been published so far. First, the results of these studies will be reviewed. Then a study performed in Turku, Finland will be presented. We collected 10 female right-handed volunteers scoring in the normal range of TAS-20. The participants were showed 12 emotion eliciting film clips lasting an average of 2:30 each. The film clips were designed to induce two specific emotions, namely sadness and amusement, and an emotionally neutral condition. While the subjects were looking at the films, they were scanned with PET (GE Advance, Milwaukee, WI, USA) using radiowater (15-O water) as a tracer. After each PET scan the objects rated their emotional experience with a 30-item questionnaire, which covered the thematic (appraisal), action tendency and feeling aspects of the emotions. The activations between the to experimental groups were then compared. The results of this comparison are presented at the congress.
The aim of this project was to develop evidence based guidelines regarding psychoscial aspects of diabetes mellitus in an effort to help the clinician bridge the gap between research and practice. Recommendations address the following topics: patient education, behavioural medicine, and psychiatric disorders of particular relevance to diabetes: depression, anxiety disorders, eating disorders, and dependence on alcohol and nicotine. The present guidelines were developed through an interdisciplinary process of consensus according to the specifications of evidence-based medicine and are recognised by the German Diabetes Association and the German College for Psychosomatic Medicine as their official guidelines.
Will be reporting on the process and results of a Canadian Consensus Committee report for the psychological treatment of high blood pressure (hypertension). The committee was composed of an internist, a nurse, and three clinical psychologists, and backed by four sponsoring agencies. We systematically reviewed published reviews and individual studies on the outcome of psychological therapies for 1966 – 1997. The panel discussed cost, outcomes, quality of available research, and potential for harm. The commendations included routine consideration of stress as a potential contributor to the disease’s etiology and recommended individualized cognitive-behavioral interventions.
346 STATUS QUO OF THE STRESS REACTIVITY CONCEPT IN UNDERSTANDING THE DEVELOPMENT OF HYPERTENSION Linden W. University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada. This presentation will provide a review of the reactivity concept that represents an overview of work published as a Special Issue in Psychosomatic Medicine, 2003. Reactivity is seen as a marker for the development of hypertensive disease and is treated as any other test that requires documentation of its reliability and validity. While reliability issues have been largely resolved over the last two decades, there is promising but mixed evidence for the predictive validity of the concept. Multiple pathways appear to exist through which reactivity can contribute to disease development; research evidence for their existence and relative explanatory power will be discussed.