- Email: [email protected]
370 – Functional integrity of neuronal networks underlying attentional and executive functions in schizophrenic and bipolar patients
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ABSTRACTS / Schizophrenia Research 98 (2008) 3–199
Conclusions: In sum, the results of this study support the claim that there is a misattribution of semantic salience in schizophrenia meaning that patients see certain associations between concepts as more relevant than normal. However this does not seem to explain semantic memory impairments on other tests and the proposed relationship between salience and positive symptoms was not found in this study. doi:10.1016/j.schres.2007.12.436
370 – FUNCTIONAL INTEGRITY OF NEURONAL NETWORKS UNDERLYING ATTENTIONAL AND EXECUTIVE FUNCTIONS IN SCHIZOPHRENIC AND BIPOLAR PATIENTS O. Gruber 1, S. Burkhardt 1, E. Gruber 1, P. Falkai 1. 1
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Georg August University, Goettingen, Germany Presenting Author details: [email protected] Von-Siebold-Str. 5, D-37075 Goettingen, Germany, Tel.: +49 551 3912289; fax: +49 551 392004.
Background: Recent fMRI studies have identified neuronal networks underlying specific processes of attention and executive function, i.e. mental task preparation and background monitoring of the environment for significant events (1–2). The aim of this study was to examine the function of these networks in schizophrenia and bipolar affective disorder. Methods: 14 schizophrenic and 14 bipolar patients as well as 14 healthy controls were matched for age, sex and educational status. They performed a combined oddball and task-switching paradigm. In each of the two variants of the experiment geometrical figures had to be classified according to either their colour or their shape. In the first session incongruent stimuli and oddballs were presented in the currently irrelevant stimulus dimension in order to evoke response conflicts and sensory orienting responses. In the second session the cue–stimulus interval was systematically varied to check the participants' ability to mentally prepare the upcoming task (2). Results: Generally, both patient groups showed significantly increased reaction times. Similarly, switch costs were enhanced irrespective of diagnosis. In addition, there was a statistical trend for increased effects of response incongruency of the currently irrelevant stimulus dimension in schizophrenic, but not in bipolar patients. By contrast, both patient groups revealed normal effects of task preparation. Conclusions: These results suggest that beyond a general, possibly drug-induced slowing of reaction times in both patient groups and beyond a common deficit in flexible switching between tasks schizophrenia is associated with a more specific deficit in cognitive control processes involved in the processing and resolution of response conflicts. References: Gruber, O. & Goschke, T. (2004) Acta Psychologica, 115 (2–3), 105– 121. Gruber, O., Karch, S., Schlueter, E.K., Falkai, P. & Goschke, T. (2006) NeuroImage, 31, 887–895.
371 – COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT IN PATIENTS WITH BIPOLAR I AND BIPOLAR II DISORDER K. Ha 1, J. Choi 1, J. Kim 1, B. Cha 1, T. Ha 1. 1 Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Kyeonggi, Republic of Korea
Presenting Author details: [email protected] 300 Gumi-dong, Bundang-gu, 463-707 Seongnam-si, Kyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea, Tel.: +81 31 787 7431; fax: +82 31 787 4058. Background: Although neurocognitive impairments have been widely reported in mood disorders, few studies have compared subjects with bipolar I disorder and bipolar II disorder. The purpose of the current study is to compare the profile of neurocognitive deficits in patients with bipolar I and II disorder. Methods: Performances on a set of tests from 24 patients with bipolar I disorder, 32 patients with bipolar II disorder, and 29 healthy controls were measured and compared. Patients were mildly depressive outpatients and all subjects were free of any history of substance misuse, neurological, or medical disease. The test set consisted of Continuous Performance Test (CPT), California Verbal Learning Test Korean version (K-CVLT), Wechsler Memory Scale (WMS), Rey– Osterrieth Complex Figure Test (ROCF), Controlled Oral Word Association Test (COWA), Trail Making Test B (TMT), Tower of London (TOL) and Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST). Results: Both patients groups showed comparable ratings of depression severity and performed poorly on the CPT, K-CVLT, WMS, ROCF, COWA and WCST, compared to controls. Patients with bipolar II disorder showed poor performances of an intermediate level between patient with bipolar I disorder and controls in the CPT, KCLVT, WMS, ROCF and COWA. Compared to bipolar II patients, bipolar I patients performed poorly on several measures of the KCVLT and ROCF. Conclusions: These findings indicate global cognitive impairments in bipolar I and II disorders. Bipolar I disorder is more severely impaired in verbal and visual memory. Acknowledgement: This study was supported by a grant from Biomedical Brain Research Center of the Korea Health 21 R&D Project funded by the Ministry of Health & Welfare, Republic of Korea (A040042). doi:10.1016/j.schres.2007.12.438
372 – NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL FUNCTIONING IN ADOLESCENTS WITH EARLY-ONSET SCHIZOPHRENIASPECTRUM DISORDERS: MEASURED WITH THE MATRICS BATTERY A. Holmén 1, M. Juuhl-Langseth 2, R. Thormodsen 3, I. Melle 4, B.R. Rund 3. 1
Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Norway Research Unit, SSBU, Ulleval University Hospital, Oslo, Norway 3 Asker and Barum Hospital, Norway 4 Division of Psychiatry, Ulleval University Hospital, Oslo, Norway 2
doi:10.1016/j.schres.2007.12.437
ABSTRACTS / Schizophrenia Research 98 (2008) 3–199
Conclusions: In sum, the results of this study support the claim that there is a misattribution of semantic salience in schizophrenia meaning that patients see certain associations between concepts as more relevant than normal. However this does not seem to explain semantic memory impairments on other tests and the proposed relationship between salience and positive symptoms was not found in this study. doi:10.1016/j.schres.2007.12.436
370 – FUNCTIONAL INTEGRITY OF NEURONAL NETWORKS UNDERLYING ATTENTIONAL AND EXECUTIVE FUNCTIONS IN SCHIZOPHRENIC AND BIPOLAR PATIENTS O. Gruber 1, S. Burkhardt 1, E. Gruber 1, P. Falkai 1. 1
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Georg August University, Goettingen, Germany Presenting Author details: [email protected] Von-Siebold-Str. 5, D-37075 Goettingen, Germany, Tel.: +49 551 3912289; fax: +49 551 392004.
Background: Recent fMRI studies have identified neuronal networks underlying specific processes of attention and executive function, i.e. mental task preparation and background monitoring of the environment for significant events (1–2). The aim of this study was to examine the function of these networks in schizophrenia and bipolar affective disorder. Methods: 14 schizophrenic and 14 bipolar patients as well as 14 healthy controls were matched for age, sex and educational status. They performed a combined oddball and task-switching paradigm. In each of the two variants of the experiment geometrical figures had to be classified according to either their colour or their shape. In the first session incongruent stimuli and oddballs were presented in the currently irrelevant stimulus dimension in order to evoke response conflicts and sensory orienting responses. In the second session the cue–stimulus interval was systematically varied to check the participants' ability to mentally prepare the upcoming task (2). Results: Generally, both patient groups showed significantly increased reaction times. Similarly, switch costs were enhanced irrespective of diagnosis. In addition, there was a statistical trend for increased effects of response incongruency of the currently irrelevant stimulus dimension in schizophrenic, but not in bipolar patients. By contrast, both patient groups revealed normal effects of task preparation. Conclusions: These results suggest that beyond a general, possibly drug-induced slowing of reaction times in both patient groups and beyond a common deficit in flexible switching between tasks schizophrenia is associated with a more specific deficit in cognitive control processes involved in the processing and resolution of response conflicts. References: Gruber, O. & Goschke, T. (2004) Acta Psychologica, 115 (2–3), 105– 121. Gruber, O., Karch, S., Schlueter, E.K., Falkai, P. & Goschke, T. (2006) NeuroImage, 31, 887–895.
371 – COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT IN PATIENTS WITH BIPOLAR I AND BIPOLAR II DISORDER K. Ha 1, J. Choi 1, J. Kim 1, B. Cha 1, T. Ha 1. 1 Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Kyeonggi, Republic of Korea
Presenting Author details: [email protected] 300 Gumi-dong, Bundang-gu, 463-707 Seongnam-si, Kyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea, Tel.: +81 31 787 7431; fax: +82 31 787 4058. Background: Although neurocognitive impairments have been widely reported in mood disorders, few studies have compared subjects with bipolar I disorder and bipolar II disorder. The purpose of the current study is to compare the profile of neurocognitive deficits in patients with bipolar I and II disorder. Methods: Performances on a set of tests from 24 patients with bipolar I disorder, 32 patients with bipolar II disorder, and 29 healthy controls were measured and compared. Patients were mildly depressive outpatients and all subjects were free of any history of substance misuse, neurological, or medical disease. The test set consisted of Continuous Performance Test (CPT), California Verbal Learning Test Korean version (K-CVLT), Wechsler Memory Scale (WMS), Rey– Osterrieth Complex Figure Test (ROCF), Controlled Oral Word Association Test (COWA), Trail Making Test B (TMT), Tower of London (TOL) and Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST). Results: Both patients groups showed comparable ratings of depression severity and performed poorly on the CPT, K-CVLT, WMS, ROCF, COWA and WCST, compared to controls. Patients with bipolar II disorder showed poor performances of an intermediate level between patient with bipolar I disorder and controls in the CPT, KCLVT, WMS, ROCF and COWA. Compared to bipolar II patients, bipolar I patients performed poorly on several measures of the KCVLT and ROCF. Conclusions: These findings indicate global cognitive impairments in bipolar I and II disorders. Bipolar I disorder is more severely impaired in verbal and visual memory. Acknowledgement: This study was supported by a grant from Biomedical Brain Research Center of the Korea Health 21 R&D Project funded by the Ministry of Health & Welfare, Republic of Korea (A040042). doi:10.1016/j.schres.2007.12.438
372 – NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL FUNCTIONING IN ADOLESCENTS WITH EARLY-ONSET SCHIZOPHRENIASPECTRUM DISORDERS: MEASURED WITH THE MATRICS BATTERY A. Holmén 1, M. Juuhl-Langseth 2, R. Thormodsen 3, I. Melle 4, B.R. Rund 3. 1
Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Norway Research Unit, SSBU, Ulleval University Hospital, Oslo, Norway 3 Asker and Barum Hospital, Norway 4 Division of Psychiatry, Ulleval University Hospital, Oslo, Norway 2
doi:10.1016/j.schres.2007.12.437