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385 Effect of Thyroid on Serum Cholesterol and Bile Acids
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Abstracts
383a Die Underschiedliche Wirkung van ThyroxinHomologen auf den Blutcholesteringehalt und den Sauerstoffverbrauch. A. BANDER (Deutschland). Bei der Untersuchung einer grossen Zahl van thyroxinverwandten \‘erbindungen wurde beobachtet. dass die Senkung des Blutcholesterinspiegels nicht immer mit einer Steigerung im Sauerstoffverbrauch parallel geht. So fanden wir den Sauerstoffverbrauch det Substanzcn, die behandelten Tiere unverhndert liessen und dabei den Cholesterinspiegel urn mehr als 20 Prozent senkten. Bei weiteren Untersuchungen, vor allem bei chron. Verabreichung wiesen diesc Verbindungen eine erhebliche Toxizitat auf. So wurden unter anderem histo-pathologische \‘er&nderungen in der Lrber, Nebennierenrinde und den minnlichen Keindrtiscn gesehen.
383b Variable Blood tion.
Effect of Thyroxin Homologues on Cholesterol and Oxygen ConsumpA. BANDER (Germany).
Investigation of a large number of compounds related to thyroxin it was shown that the fall in the blood cholesterol level does not always occur in parallel with an increase in oxygen consumption. We were able to find substances which left unchanged the oxygen consumption of treated animals but reduced the cholesterol level by more than 20 per cent. In further investigations, in particular with chronic administration, these compounds displayed considerable toxicity: among other things histopathogical changes in the liver, suprarenal cortex and male testicular glands.
384 The Effects of 3:5:3’-Triiodo-D-thyronine (D-T,) in Thyroid Deficiency. J. hl. MERRILL and J. LEMLEY-STONE (U.S.A.). In patients with myxoedema, 5 pgjkilo per day This findof o-T, increases oxygen consumption. ing raised the possibility that in thyroid deficiency the hypolipaemic and calorigenic effect of D-T, may To investigate this relationnot be independent. ship, hypothyroidism was induced in rats by giving 900 !* c t3tI intraperitoneally. After ten weeks, hypothyroidism was apparent from growth curves The oxygen and total body oxygen consumption. consumption of the control rats was 0.777 :I_ 0.07; the thyroid deficient rats, 0.482 0.04 ml/ g/hr. The effect of D-T, on: (1) total body oxygen consumption; (2) Qoz of myocardial homogenates; (3) incorporation of i4C labelled acetate into liver cholesterol and fatty acids; (4) total cholesterol and fatty acids of the liver and serum, was studied in half of the thyroid deficient animals. Absence of functioning thyroid tissue was confirmed microscopically after sacrifice.
of
Papers Administration of the n-T, was associated with an increase in total body oxygen consumption, increased Qo2 of myocardial homogenates, increased incorporation of i4C into liver cholesterol and fatty acids with no statistically significant change in cholesterol or fatty acids of the liver. These results suggest that in thyroid deficient states the lipid and calorigenic effects of o-T, are closely related.
385 Effect of Thyroid on Serum Cholesterol and Bile Acids. K. HELLSTR~M, S. LINDSTEDT and .J. SJ~VALL (Sweden). Patients with hypo- and hyper-function of the thyroid gland have been studied with respect to serum cholesterol levels and bile acid composition. The ratio of glycine to taurine conjugated bile acids in 10 hypothyroid patients was 8 : 8 before and 3 : 4 after treatment (in normal cases previously studied the ratio was 3 : 1). Oral administration of taurine resulted in a ten-fold decrease in the ratio but did not seem to influence serum cholesterol levels. The ratios between cholic, chenodeoxycholic and deoxycholic acids were 1.1 : 1 .O : 0.9 before and 0.9 : 1.0 : 0.7 after treatment. After feeding i4C-labelled cholic acid the half-life and production of bile acids were determined. The half-life was 4.1 days (normal 2.8) and the daily production was 0.37 g (normal 0.71 g). After treatment the values tended towards the normal range. After treatment of hypothyroidism with u-triiodothyronine the half-life of cholic acid became longer than before the treatment.
386 Some Observations on the Relationships between Atherosclerosis, Hyperlipaemia and D-Thyroxine. 0. F. I)AVIS, C. BECK, N. SLOAN, M. BERGAI. and A. J. LEVINE (U.S.A.). The constellation of factors reportedly influential in atherogenesis is considerable and varied. Important relationships have been established between atherosclerosis and age, sex, diet, psychopathology, ethnic background? weight, body type, other somatic pathology (e.g. endocrinopathies such as hypothyroidism) and specific serum lipids. The factors which encourage the propensity to the earliest proliferative changes in artery (atherogenesis) should be differentiated from those processes which enhance an ongoing atherosclerosis 01 promote recurrent infarcation. There is a large body of evidence pointing to hyperlipaemia as conducive to heightened arteriosclerosis. This communication describes long-term studies in animals and 239 humans with a new lipaemiaclearing compound. An average drop of 105 mg/ “/, in serum cholesterol supervened within 35 days. With strict reservations as to the aetiological importance of hyperlipaemia per se: but, with an acute awareness of the role played by these lipids in
Abstracts
383a Die Underschiedliche Wirkung van ThyroxinHomologen auf den Blutcholesteringehalt und den Sauerstoffverbrauch. A. BANDER (Deutschland). Bei der Untersuchung einer grossen Zahl van thyroxinverwandten \‘erbindungen wurde beobachtet. dass die Senkung des Blutcholesterinspiegels nicht immer mit einer Steigerung im Sauerstoffverbrauch parallel geht. So fanden wir den Sauerstoffverbrauch det Substanzcn, die behandelten Tiere unverhndert liessen und dabei den Cholesterinspiegel urn mehr als 20 Prozent senkten. Bei weiteren Untersuchungen, vor allem bei chron. Verabreichung wiesen diesc Verbindungen eine erhebliche Toxizitat auf. So wurden unter anderem histo-pathologische \‘er&nderungen in der Lrber, Nebennierenrinde und den minnlichen Keindrtiscn gesehen.
383b Variable Blood tion.
Effect of Thyroxin Homologues on Cholesterol and Oxygen ConsumpA. BANDER (Germany).
Investigation of a large number of compounds related to thyroxin it was shown that the fall in the blood cholesterol level does not always occur in parallel with an increase in oxygen consumption. We were able to find substances which left unchanged the oxygen consumption of treated animals but reduced the cholesterol level by more than 20 per cent. In further investigations, in particular with chronic administration, these compounds displayed considerable toxicity: among other things histopathogical changes in the liver, suprarenal cortex and male testicular glands.
384 The Effects of 3:5:3’-Triiodo-D-thyronine (D-T,) in Thyroid Deficiency. J. hl. MERRILL and J. LEMLEY-STONE (U.S.A.). In patients with myxoedema, 5 pgjkilo per day This findof o-T, increases oxygen consumption. ing raised the possibility that in thyroid deficiency the hypolipaemic and calorigenic effect of D-T, may To investigate this relationnot be independent. ship, hypothyroidism was induced in rats by giving 900 !* c t3tI intraperitoneally. After ten weeks, hypothyroidism was apparent from growth curves The oxygen and total body oxygen consumption. consumption of the control rats was 0.777 :I_ 0.07; the thyroid deficient rats, 0.482 0.04 ml/ g/hr. The effect of D-T, on: (1) total body oxygen consumption; (2) Qoz of myocardial homogenates; (3) incorporation of i4C labelled acetate into liver cholesterol and fatty acids; (4) total cholesterol and fatty acids of the liver and serum, was studied in half of the thyroid deficient animals. Absence of functioning thyroid tissue was confirmed microscopically after sacrifice.
of
Papers Administration of the n-T, was associated with an increase in total body oxygen consumption, increased Qo2 of myocardial homogenates, increased incorporation of i4C into liver cholesterol and fatty acids with no statistically significant change in cholesterol or fatty acids of the liver. These results suggest that in thyroid deficient states the lipid and calorigenic effects of o-T, are closely related.
385 Effect of Thyroid on Serum Cholesterol and Bile Acids. K. HELLSTR~M, S. LINDSTEDT and .J. SJ~VALL (Sweden). Patients with hypo- and hyper-function of the thyroid gland have been studied with respect to serum cholesterol levels and bile acid composition. The ratio of glycine to taurine conjugated bile acids in 10 hypothyroid patients was 8 : 8 before and 3 : 4 after treatment (in normal cases previously studied the ratio was 3 : 1). Oral administration of taurine resulted in a ten-fold decrease in the ratio but did not seem to influence serum cholesterol levels. The ratios between cholic, chenodeoxycholic and deoxycholic acids were 1.1 : 1 .O : 0.9 before and 0.9 : 1.0 : 0.7 after treatment. After feeding i4C-labelled cholic acid the half-life and production of bile acids were determined. The half-life was 4.1 days (normal 2.8) and the daily production was 0.37 g (normal 0.71 g). After treatment the values tended towards the normal range. After treatment of hypothyroidism with u-triiodothyronine the half-life of cholic acid became longer than before the treatment.
386 Some Observations on the Relationships between Atherosclerosis, Hyperlipaemia and D-Thyroxine. 0. F. I)AVIS, C. BECK, N. SLOAN, M. BERGAI. and A. J. LEVINE (U.S.A.). The constellation of factors reportedly influential in atherogenesis is considerable and varied. Important relationships have been established between atherosclerosis and age, sex, diet, psychopathology, ethnic background? weight, body type, other somatic pathology (e.g. endocrinopathies such as hypothyroidism) and specific serum lipids. The factors which encourage the propensity to the earliest proliferative changes in artery (atherogenesis) should be differentiated from those processes which enhance an ongoing atherosclerosis 01 promote recurrent infarcation. There is a large body of evidence pointing to hyperlipaemia as conducive to heightened arteriosclerosis. This communication describes long-term studies in animals and 239 humans with a new lipaemiaclearing compound. An average drop of 105 mg/ “/, in serum cholesterol supervened within 35 days. With strict reservations as to the aetiological importance of hyperlipaemia per se: but, with an acute awareness of the role played by these lipids in