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#43 Food insecurity, health status and health risk behaviors
AEP Vol. 12, No. 7 October 2002: 488–534
ABSTRACTS (ACE)
CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that raised fibrinogen levels in midlife women would be associated with the presence of depression. PII S1047-2797(02)00328-9
#41-S ANXIETY ON COLOMBIAN CHILDREN: ARE MORE GIRLS AFFECTED THAN BOYS? RC Castilla1, ME Habeych1, SR Castilla2, WI Castilla2, IS Gómez3, MC Caballero4, 1University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; 2Pedagogic and Technologic University of Colombia, Tunja, Colombia; 3University of Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia; 4University Industrial of Santander, Bucaramanga, Colombia PURPOSE: To compare by gender symptoms of anxiety in children living in Colombia SA, exposed to the stress of current civil war. METHODS: A total of 399 school-aged children/adolescents from a stratified, random sample of Belen, Boyaca and Bucaramanga, Santander were evaluated. Children and their parents were assessed with the Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders (SCARED). RESULTS: The overall response rate was 97.6% consisting of 229 girls and 170 boys with a mean age of 12.7 years (range 8-18 years). Among all of children, 294 (73.68%) reported a total score of 25, which is the cut-off score for anxiety disorders. Of the girls, 201 (87.77%) had a total score of 25, and 93 (54.71%) of the boys had total scores of 25 ( 2 55.019, d.f. 1, p 0.0001) CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that these children, exposed to dangerous and violent situations in their environment, are experiencing higher levels of anxiety symptoms, which is particularly true for girls. PII S1047-2797(02)00329-0
#42 ADOLESCENT ALCOHOL, TOBACCO AND OTHER DRUG USE ALONG THE RURAL-URBAN CONTINUUM LA Crandall, H Tobias, LR Metsch, CB McCoy PURPOSE: This paper employs measures of rurality of county and rural/urban location of residence to assess the level of substance use and salience of the risk and protective factors that are frequently targeted by drug prevention programs. Multivariate analysis assesses the impact of rurality on use of four substances while controlling for other risk and protective factors. METHODS: USDA Economic Research Service County Typology Codes for county of residence and self-reported size of community of residence are applied to the analysis of data from a survey of adolescent alcohol, tobacco and other drug use behavior and selected risk and protective factors. Data are drawn from the Florida Youth Substance Abuse Survey (FYSAS) 2000, a school-based self administered statewide survey of students in grades 6 through 12 fielded between November 1999 and January 2000.
505
RESULTS: Bivariate correlations demonstrate associations between many risk and protective factors and the rurality of county of residence. Multivariate logistic regression analysis, controlling for risk and protective factor domains, shows that rurality of residence and rurality of county both strongly and independently increase the risk of trying smokeless tobacco. Rurality of county also increases the odds of having smoked cigarettes. However, it has a weak but significant protective effect with respect to lifetime use of alcohol. Neither measure of rurality was a significant risk or protective factor for lifetime use of marijuana. CONCLUSIONS: Findings suggest that it is inappropriate to discuss the relationship between rurality and ATOD use as if ATOD use is a unitary phenomenon. Patterns of use and the salience of risk and protective factors vary across substances. In addition, the findings reiterate the need for more gradations in measures of rurality than the metro/ non-metro dichotomy reported in most government documents. PII S1047-2797(02)00330-7
#43 FOOD INSECURITY, HEALTH STATUS AND HEALTH RISK BEHAVIORS: CALIFORNIA, 2000 SC Dumbauld, NL Baumrind, California Department of Social Services, Sacramento, CA PURPOSE: This study characterizes food insecure California women and examines their health status outcomes and risk behaviors. METHODS: The study uses data from the 2000 California Women’s Health Survey (CWHS), an annual telephone survey of women ages 18 and older. The six-question USDA food security scale was used to assess the food security of the 4,012 respondents. RESULTS: Among all California women, 22.4% were food insecure (14.7% food insecure without hunger and 7.7% food insecure with hunger); 47.8% of Hispanic women were food insecure. Characteristics positively associated with being food insecure included being young (18–34 years), Hispanic, born outside the U.S., unmarried, low annual household income, unemployed, less educated, having children 6 years of age in the home and having no health insurance. Food insecure women were more likely than others to report poor general health and reported more days of poor mental health and restricted activity. They were also more likely to be current smokers (OR 1.53;C.I.:1.27,1.84), binge drinkers (OR 1.31;C.I.:1.03,1.67) or characterized by non-normal weight (OR 1.83; C.I.:1.56,2.13). They were less likely to have ever had a mammogram (OR 0.49;C.I.:0.35,0.69). CONCLUSION: Food insecurity is prevalent in California women, particularly among Hispanic women. It is associated with poor general and mental health status and increased likelihood of engaging in behaviors associated with increased risks of disease. PII S1047-2797(02)00331-9
#44 CHANGING RACIAL/ETHNIC DISPARITIES IN HOMICIDE MORTALITY IN NYC 1990–98: THE ROLE OF DRUGS
ABSTRACTS (ACE)
CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that raised fibrinogen levels in midlife women would be associated with the presence of depression. PII S1047-2797(02)00328-9
#41-S ANXIETY ON COLOMBIAN CHILDREN: ARE MORE GIRLS AFFECTED THAN BOYS? RC Castilla1, ME Habeych1, SR Castilla2, WI Castilla2, IS Gómez3, MC Caballero4, 1University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; 2Pedagogic and Technologic University of Colombia, Tunja, Colombia; 3University of Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia; 4University Industrial of Santander, Bucaramanga, Colombia PURPOSE: To compare by gender symptoms of anxiety in children living in Colombia SA, exposed to the stress of current civil war. METHODS: A total of 399 school-aged children/adolescents from a stratified, random sample of Belen, Boyaca and Bucaramanga, Santander were evaluated. Children and their parents were assessed with the Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders (SCARED). RESULTS: The overall response rate was 97.6% consisting of 229 girls and 170 boys with a mean age of 12.7 years (range 8-18 years). Among all of children, 294 (73.68%) reported a total score of 25, which is the cut-off score for anxiety disorders. Of the girls, 201 (87.77%) had a total score of 25, and 93 (54.71%) of the boys had total scores of 25 ( 2 55.019, d.f. 1, p 0.0001) CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that these children, exposed to dangerous and violent situations in their environment, are experiencing higher levels of anxiety symptoms, which is particularly true for girls. PII S1047-2797(02)00329-0
#42 ADOLESCENT ALCOHOL, TOBACCO AND OTHER DRUG USE ALONG THE RURAL-URBAN CONTINUUM LA Crandall, H Tobias, LR Metsch, CB McCoy PURPOSE: This paper employs measures of rurality of county and rural/urban location of residence to assess the level of substance use and salience of the risk and protective factors that are frequently targeted by drug prevention programs. Multivariate analysis assesses the impact of rurality on use of four substances while controlling for other risk and protective factors. METHODS: USDA Economic Research Service County Typology Codes for county of residence and self-reported size of community of residence are applied to the analysis of data from a survey of adolescent alcohol, tobacco and other drug use behavior and selected risk and protective factors. Data are drawn from the Florida Youth Substance Abuse Survey (FYSAS) 2000, a school-based self administered statewide survey of students in grades 6 through 12 fielded between November 1999 and January 2000.
505
RESULTS: Bivariate correlations demonstrate associations between many risk and protective factors and the rurality of county of residence. Multivariate logistic regression analysis, controlling for risk and protective factor domains, shows that rurality of residence and rurality of county both strongly and independently increase the risk of trying smokeless tobacco. Rurality of county also increases the odds of having smoked cigarettes. However, it has a weak but significant protective effect with respect to lifetime use of alcohol. Neither measure of rurality was a significant risk or protective factor for lifetime use of marijuana. CONCLUSIONS: Findings suggest that it is inappropriate to discuss the relationship between rurality and ATOD use as if ATOD use is a unitary phenomenon. Patterns of use and the salience of risk and protective factors vary across substances. In addition, the findings reiterate the need for more gradations in measures of rurality than the metro/ non-metro dichotomy reported in most government documents. PII S1047-2797(02)00330-7
#43 FOOD INSECURITY, HEALTH STATUS AND HEALTH RISK BEHAVIORS: CALIFORNIA, 2000 SC Dumbauld, NL Baumrind, California Department of Social Services, Sacramento, CA PURPOSE: This study characterizes food insecure California women and examines their health status outcomes and risk behaviors. METHODS: The study uses data from the 2000 California Women’s Health Survey (CWHS), an annual telephone survey of women ages 18 and older. The six-question USDA food security scale was used to assess the food security of the 4,012 respondents. RESULTS: Among all California women, 22.4% were food insecure (14.7% food insecure without hunger and 7.7% food insecure with hunger); 47.8% of Hispanic women were food insecure. Characteristics positively associated with being food insecure included being young (18–34 years), Hispanic, born outside the U.S., unmarried, low annual household income, unemployed, less educated, having children 6 years of age in the home and having no health insurance. Food insecure women were more likely than others to report poor general health and reported more days of poor mental health and restricted activity. They were also more likely to be current smokers (OR 1.53;C.I.:1.27,1.84), binge drinkers (OR 1.31;C.I.:1.03,1.67) or characterized by non-normal weight (OR 1.83; C.I.:1.56,2.13). They were less likely to have ever had a mammogram (OR 0.49;C.I.:0.35,0.69). CONCLUSION: Food insecurity is prevalent in California women, particularly among Hispanic women. It is associated with poor general and mental health status and increased likelihood of engaging in behaviors associated with increased risks of disease. PII S1047-2797(02)00331-9
#44 CHANGING RACIAL/ETHNIC DISPARITIES IN HOMICIDE MORTALITY IN NYC 1990–98: THE ROLE OF DRUGS