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463. An atomic view of adsorption
210
Classified A b s t r a c t s 4 5 7 - - 4 6 4
w h i c h allows the m e a s u r e m e n t of the flow of gas with s~mllar accuracy T h e m e t h o d as described in the p a p e r is based on the prmciple of m e a s u r i n g the p r e s s u r e drop a l o n g a line o f k n o w n conductivity T h e accuracy d e p e n d s u p o n the pressure difference To keep this difference c o n s t a n t the pressure in t h e test c h a m b e r c o n t a i n i n g the s a m p l e (probe pressure) usually h a s to be varied F o l l o w i n g the m e t h o d o f Oatley, flow m e a s u r e m e n t s were carried o u t with great accuracy, w h e r e b y t h e p r o b e p r e s s u r e could be kept at a definite value By a n o t h e r m e t h o d , based on the use of differential m a n o m e t e r s , very precise m e a s u r e m e n t s o f gas flow were m a d e , whilst the probe pressure was held perfectly c o n s t a n t T h e a u t h o r refers to the a p p h c a t l o n of this m e t h o d to the degassing of v a r i o u s materials at different c o n s t a n t p r o b e pressures (France) (Author) R P Henry, 2nd European Vac Symp, 5-7 J u n e 1963, 2 5 2 260, (R A L a n g Verlag)
15.
Fluid D y n a m i c s
The accurate measurement of gas flow rates.
16.
15 14 See A b s t r N o 456
G a s e s and S o l i d s
16 14 A new apparatus for the analysis of heterogeneous gas processes
and its application for the investigation of the kinetics of adsorption, desorption and diffusion phenomena on solids. See A b s t r N o 455 Sorption pumping using zeolites.
16
21
16
2l
A I S h a l m k o v , Bulletin lzobtetenu t Tovarnykh Znakov, (Bulletin of I n v e n t i o n s a n d T r a d e Marks), 1963, N o 15 16 459. A combination recording sorption balance and extensometer.
(GJ eat Brttam) A n electronically controlled sorpt~on balance a n d e x t e n s o m e t e r for the s t u d y of semi-rigid p o r o u s materials is described The i n s t r u m e n t h a s the a d v a n t a g e t h a t weight a n d length c h a n g e s occurring in a specimen m a y be recorded d u r i n g s o r p t l o n W e i g h t a n d length c h a n g e of a charcoal r o d due to a d s o r p t i o n of water v a p o u r are presented to illustrate the scope a n d precision o f the a p p a r a t u s (South Afrwa) (Authors) H Roper and J G 84-87
Dryden, J Set lnstrum, 41, (2) F e b
1964,
16 460. Revers~bdity of polyester adsorptmn on glass. (U S A ) R R S t r o m b e r g a n d W H G r a n t , J Res Nat But Stan,67a (6), D e c 1963, 601-606 16 461. Adsorption, desorptlon, resorption. ( U S A ) W V L o e b e n s t e m , J Res Nat Bur Stan, 67a (6), D e c 615-624
1963,
See A b s t r N o 475
The sorption of gases by liquid alkali-earth-metal/alkali-metal alloys and its application for producing low pressures. See A b s t r N o 476 16
16
33
Deposition by electron bombardment and weighing under vacuum of thin high purity Boron layers. See A b s t r N o 531 16
52
16 52 41 462. Adhesion of vapour deposited aluminmm to lime-soda glass.
(USA) J R Frederick a n d K C L u d e m a , J Appl Phys, 35 (1), J a n 1964, 256-257
21
Studies of sorption phenomena in ultra-high vacuum systems by partial pressure analysis. See A b s t r N o 477
41
Adhesion of vapour deposited aluminium to lime-soda glass. See A b s t r N o 462 16 457. Adsorption measurement in high vacuum. (Great Britain) After a brief review o f the m e t h o d s e m p l o y e d m studies of lomcally i n d u c e d a d s o r p t i o n of gases m high v a c u u m , a m e a s u r i n g m e t h o d is p r e s e n t e d which p e r m i t s the s t u d y o f t h e different s o r p t l o n p h e n o m e n a m successive steps T h e e x p e r i m e n t s are described by q m t e simple e q u a t i o n s since the pressure d u r i n g the p u m p i n g period is kept c o n s t a n t - - a m a x i m u m a m o u n t of i n f o r m a t i o n is extracted f r o m the recovery curves Some e x p e r i m e n t s with a r g o n p u m p e d in a B a y a r d - A l p e r t g a u g e are presented It was possible to prove t h a t u n d e r given e x p e r i m e n t a l conditions, there exist two types of a d s o r p t i o n sites for lomcally p u m p e d a r g o n a t o m s , with average laves of 650 to 50 s e c o n d s respectxvely T h e s e sites are left by the a d s o r p e d a t o m s m a single j u m p (Roumama) (Authors) A C a v a l e r u etal, Brtt J Appl Phy~, 15 (2), F e b 1964, 161-168 16 (U S S R ) T h e i n v e n t i o n c o n c e r n s the m a n u f a c t u r e o f a b s o r b e n t films
458. Absorbent films invention.
consisting of a l u m m m m oxide deposited on metallic a l u m l n m m previously anodlsed It is claimed that such films arc specially effective as a low t e m p e r a t u r e a b s o r b e n t of h e h u m ( p r o d u c t i o n o f ultra-high v a c u u m ) ( U S S R ) w J s
16 463. An atomic view of adsorption. (Great BHtam) M o d e r n e x p e r i m e n t a l t e c h m q u e s , p a m c u l a r l y flash desorption, field emission a n d field ion m i c r o s c o p y coupled with a d v a n c e s m ultra-high v a c u u m t e c h n o l o g y have m a d e it possible to attain a detailed description of a d s o r p t i o n p h e n o m e n a f r o m r o u t i n e measurements R e c e n t a d v a n c e s in t h e u n d e r s t a n d i n g o f e l e m e n t a r y a t o m i c processes at the g a s - s o h d interface g a m e d by these m e t h o d s are reviewed with p a r h c u l a r e m p h a s i s on two topics (I) the r e l a t m n between surface structure a n d a t o m binding m physical a d s o r p t i o n as well as c h e m l s o r p h o n , (2) the kinetics o f a t o m i c c o n d e n s a t i o n a n d e q u i l i b r i u m (U S A ) (Author) Gert E h r h c h , Brtt J Appl Phys, 15 (4), April 1964, 349-364 16
464. Diffusion and permeation of hydrogen through iron and steel. (Gel many) Diffusion coefficients a n d p e r m e a b d m e s of h y d r o g e n in low c a r b o n steel a n d different c h r o m i u m nickel steels were m e a s u r e d In o n e series of m e a s u r e m e n t s g a s e o u s " d r y " h y d r o g e n was used, w h e r e a s in o t h e r e x p e r i m e n t s h y d r o g e n was developed electrolyt~cally on the i n g o l n g surface the diffusion m e m b r a n e acting as c a t h o d e of an electrolytic cell F r o m t h e t e m p e r a t u r e d e p e n d a n c e of diffusion a n d p e r m a h o n the activation energies are derived F u r t h e r m o r e the relation between c u r r e n t density a n d permatmon in the electrolytic process was investigated
(German)~) H L F s c h b a c k , et al, 2nd Emopean Vac SAmp, 5-7 J u n e 1963, 86-94, (R A L a n g Verlag)
Classified A b s t r a c t s 4 5 7 - - 4 6 4
w h i c h allows the m e a s u r e m e n t of the flow of gas with s~mllar accuracy T h e m e t h o d as described in the p a p e r is based on the prmciple of m e a s u r i n g the p r e s s u r e drop a l o n g a line o f k n o w n conductivity T h e accuracy d e p e n d s u p o n the pressure difference To keep this difference c o n s t a n t the pressure in t h e test c h a m b e r c o n t a i n i n g the s a m p l e (probe pressure) usually h a s to be varied F o l l o w i n g the m e t h o d o f Oatley, flow m e a s u r e m e n t s were carried o u t with great accuracy, w h e r e b y t h e p r o b e p r e s s u r e could be kept at a definite value By a n o t h e r m e t h o d , based on the use of differential m a n o m e t e r s , very precise m e a s u r e m e n t s o f gas flow were m a d e , whilst the probe pressure was held perfectly c o n s t a n t T h e a u t h o r refers to the a p p h c a t l o n of this m e t h o d to the degassing of v a r i o u s materials at different c o n s t a n t p r o b e pressures (France) (Author) R P Henry, 2nd European Vac Symp, 5-7 J u n e 1963, 2 5 2 260, (R A L a n g Verlag)
15.
Fluid D y n a m i c s
The accurate measurement of gas flow rates.
16.
15 14 See A b s t r N o 456
G a s e s and S o l i d s
16 14 A new apparatus for the analysis of heterogeneous gas processes
and its application for the investigation of the kinetics of adsorption, desorption and diffusion phenomena on solids. See A b s t r N o 455 Sorption pumping using zeolites.
16
21
16
2l
A I S h a l m k o v , Bulletin lzobtetenu t Tovarnykh Znakov, (Bulletin of I n v e n t i o n s a n d T r a d e Marks), 1963, N o 15 16 459. A combination recording sorption balance and extensometer.
(GJ eat Brttam) A n electronically controlled sorpt~on balance a n d e x t e n s o m e t e r for the s t u d y of semi-rigid p o r o u s materials is described The i n s t r u m e n t h a s the a d v a n t a g e t h a t weight a n d length c h a n g e s occurring in a specimen m a y be recorded d u r i n g s o r p t l o n W e i g h t a n d length c h a n g e of a charcoal r o d due to a d s o r p t i o n of water v a p o u r are presented to illustrate the scope a n d precision o f the a p p a r a t u s (South Afrwa) (Authors) H Roper and J G 84-87
Dryden, J Set lnstrum, 41, (2) F e b
1964,
16 460. Revers~bdity of polyester adsorptmn on glass. (U S A ) R R S t r o m b e r g a n d W H G r a n t , J Res Nat But Stan,67a (6), D e c 1963, 601-606 16 461. Adsorption, desorptlon, resorption. ( U S A ) W V L o e b e n s t e m , J Res Nat Bur Stan, 67a (6), D e c 615-624
1963,
See A b s t r N o 475
The sorption of gases by liquid alkali-earth-metal/alkali-metal alloys and its application for producing low pressures. See A b s t r N o 476 16
16
33
Deposition by electron bombardment and weighing under vacuum of thin high purity Boron layers. See A b s t r N o 531 16
52
16 52 41 462. Adhesion of vapour deposited aluminmm to lime-soda glass.
(USA) J R Frederick a n d K C L u d e m a , J Appl Phys, 35 (1), J a n 1964, 256-257
21
Studies of sorption phenomena in ultra-high vacuum systems by partial pressure analysis. See A b s t r N o 477
41
Adhesion of vapour deposited aluminium to lime-soda glass. See A b s t r N o 462 16 457. Adsorption measurement in high vacuum. (Great Britain) After a brief review o f the m e t h o d s e m p l o y e d m studies of lomcally i n d u c e d a d s o r p t i o n of gases m high v a c u u m , a m e a s u r i n g m e t h o d is p r e s e n t e d which p e r m i t s the s t u d y o f t h e different s o r p t l o n p h e n o m e n a m successive steps T h e e x p e r i m e n t s are described by q m t e simple e q u a t i o n s since the pressure d u r i n g the p u m p i n g period is kept c o n s t a n t - - a m a x i m u m a m o u n t of i n f o r m a t i o n is extracted f r o m the recovery curves Some e x p e r i m e n t s with a r g o n p u m p e d in a B a y a r d - A l p e r t g a u g e are presented It was possible to prove t h a t u n d e r given e x p e r i m e n t a l conditions, there exist two types of a d s o r p t i o n sites for lomcally p u m p e d a r g o n a t o m s , with average laves of 650 to 50 s e c o n d s respectxvely T h e s e sites are left by the a d s o r p e d a t o m s m a single j u m p (Roumama) (Authors) A C a v a l e r u etal, Brtt J Appl Phy~, 15 (2), F e b 1964, 161-168 16 (U S S R ) T h e i n v e n t i o n c o n c e r n s the m a n u f a c t u r e o f a b s o r b e n t films
458. Absorbent films invention.
consisting of a l u m m m m oxide deposited on metallic a l u m l n m m previously anodlsed It is claimed that such films arc specially effective as a low t e m p e r a t u r e a b s o r b e n t of h e h u m ( p r o d u c t i o n o f ultra-high v a c u u m ) ( U S S R ) w J s
16 463. An atomic view of adsorption. (Great BHtam) M o d e r n e x p e r i m e n t a l t e c h m q u e s , p a m c u l a r l y flash desorption, field emission a n d field ion m i c r o s c o p y coupled with a d v a n c e s m ultra-high v a c u u m t e c h n o l o g y have m a d e it possible to attain a detailed description of a d s o r p t i o n p h e n o m e n a f r o m r o u t i n e measurements R e c e n t a d v a n c e s in t h e u n d e r s t a n d i n g o f e l e m e n t a r y a t o m i c processes at the g a s - s o h d interface g a m e d by these m e t h o d s are reviewed with p a r h c u l a r e m p h a s i s on two topics (I) the r e l a t m n between surface structure a n d a t o m binding m physical a d s o r p t i o n as well as c h e m l s o r p h o n , (2) the kinetics o f a t o m i c c o n d e n s a t i o n a n d e q u i l i b r i u m (U S A ) (Author) Gert E h r h c h , Brtt J Appl Phys, 15 (4), April 1964, 349-364 16
464. Diffusion and permeation of hydrogen through iron and steel. (Gel many) Diffusion coefficients a n d p e r m e a b d m e s of h y d r o g e n in low c a r b o n steel a n d different c h r o m i u m nickel steels were m e a s u r e d In o n e series of m e a s u r e m e n t s g a s e o u s " d r y " h y d r o g e n was used, w h e r e a s in o t h e r e x p e r i m e n t s h y d r o g e n was developed electrolyt~cally on the i n g o l n g surface the diffusion m e m b r a n e acting as c a t h o d e of an electrolytic cell F r o m t h e t e m p e r a t u r e d e p e n d a n c e of diffusion a n d p e r m a h o n the activation energies are derived F u r t h e r m o r e the relation between c u r r e n t density a n d permatmon in the electrolytic process was investigated
(German)~) H L F s c h b a c k , et al, 2nd Emopean Vac SAmp, 5-7 J u n e 1963, 86-94, (R A L a n g Verlag)