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4668391 Installation for dehydrating protein-containing sludge
New Patents
know process involves such high investments that an economic solution often automatically fails. The invention eliminates such serious disadvantages whereas moreover an economically more valuable product can be obtained, e.g. water with a high concentration of aqueous ammonia. This is achieved according to the invention in that the heat transfer is effected by a gas flow which, by direct contact in a packed bed, absorbs heat from the effluent liquid whereafter this absorbed heat is again transferred to the influent liquid. Preferably the gas flow consists of a recirculating air flow having a high temperature, said air flow transferring heat in a part of the column which is provided with a packed bed, to the waste water to be stripped, flowing in counter current to the low temperature waste water, whereafter the same air flow, now having a low temperature, recuperates in another part of the column, likewise provided with a packed bed, heat from the stripped liquid. now having a high temperature, also in counter current.
VII
4668388 HIGH
RATE
SLUDGE
REACTOR
John Dibble, William R Deever, Lloyd J Parcell, Rudolph C White assigned to Texaco Inc A high rate reactor for the treatment of biosludge has been designed which combines the processes of landfarming, sand bed dewatering, and forced aeration composting. The reactor is essentiality a sand bed overlying a drainage system housed in an inflatable, pressurized building. The high rate reactor can effectively treat biosludge through dewatering and biodegradation. Voi~ume reduction, stabilization, and solidification are achieved at improved rates over conventional practices. The reactor operates independent of climate and is a closed system minimizing environmental monitoring.
4668391 INSTALLATION FOR D E H Y D R A T I N G PROTEINCONTAINING S L U D G E 4668366 OPTICAL FIGURING BY PLASMA ASSISTED CHEMICAL TRANSPORT AND ETCHING APPARATUS THEREFOR Charles Zarowin assigned to The Perkin-Elmer Corporation The present invention is directed to method and apparatus for figuring a surface by plasma assisted chemical transport by means of mounting the surface to be processed on at least one electrode of an R.F. driven reactor having two parallel plate electrodes; passing reactive gas through the reactor to establish gas discharge by the R.F. power; while controlling the ion energies of the reactive gas; and while controlling the removal rate of different areas of the surface by using a substantially smaller surface area electrode than said surface area so that varying the amount of time the small surface area electrode spends at each region shapes the surface. According to one aspect of the invention optical measurement of said surface is affected in quasi real time.
Erroll P K Ottens, Emmen, Netherlands An apparatus for dehydrating protein containing aqueous slude, e.g., sludge produced in slaughter houses, which comprises an agglomerator positioned above a filter device, the agglomerator having a bottom wall, a cylindrical outer wall, a cylindrical inner wall, the inner wall and the outer wall providing an annular space therebetween, a sludge inlet duct and a steam inlet duct, the sludge inlet duct and the steam inlet duct communicating with said annular space substantially diametrically opposite each other. The steam is injected in such a way that shear forces will be created in the liquid sludge, thus resulting in an improved precipitation of the proteins of the sludge. The steam is preferably injected tangentially with respect to the outer wall of the agglomerator and the annular space is preferably provided with a helically-extending baffle, the steam inlet extending parallel to the surface of a baffle turn. This provides an excellent precipitation of proteins in a continuous process. An outlet pipe is provided within the interior of the inner wall of the agglomerator and extends through the bottom wall, and a funnel-shaped element is connected between the outlet pipe and the upper edge of the inner wall.
know process involves such high investments that an economic solution often automatically fails. The invention eliminates such serious disadvantages whereas moreover an economically more valuable product can be obtained, e.g. water with a high concentration of aqueous ammonia. This is achieved according to the invention in that the heat transfer is effected by a gas flow which, by direct contact in a packed bed, absorbs heat from the effluent liquid whereafter this absorbed heat is again transferred to the influent liquid. Preferably the gas flow consists of a recirculating air flow having a high temperature, said air flow transferring heat in a part of the column which is provided with a packed bed, to the waste water to be stripped, flowing in counter current to the low temperature waste water, whereafter the same air flow, now having a low temperature, recuperates in another part of the column, likewise provided with a packed bed, heat from the stripped liquid. now having a high temperature, also in counter current.
VII
4668388 HIGH
RATE
SLUDGE
REACTOR
John Dibble, William R Deever, Lloyd J Parcell, Rudolph C White assigned to Texaco Inc A high rate reactor for the treatment of biosludge has been designed which combines the processes of landfarming, sand bed dewatering, and forced aeration composting. The reactor is essentiality a sand bed overlying a drainage system housed in an inflatable, pressurized building. The high rate reactor can effectively treat biosludge through dewatering and biodegradation. Voi~ume reduction, stabilization, and solidification are achieved at improved rates over conventional practices. The reactor operates independent of climate and is a closed system minimizing environmental monitoring.
4668391 INSTALLATION FOR D E H Y D R A T I N G PROTEINCONTAINING S L U D G E 4668366 OPTICAL FIGURING BY PLASMA ASSISTED CHEMICAL TRANSPORT AND ETCHING APPARATUS THEREFOR Charles Zarowin assigned to The Perkin-Elmer Corporation The present invention is directed to method and apparatus for figuring a surface by plasma assisted chemical transport by means of mounting the surface to be processed on at least one electrode of an R.F. driven reactor having two parallel plate electrodes; passing reactive gas through the reactor to establish gas discharge by the R.F. power; while controlling the ion energies of the reactive gas; and while controlling the removal rate of different areas of the surface by using a substantially smaller surface area electrode than said surface area so that varying the amount of time the small surface area electrode spends at each region shapes the surface. According to one aspect of the invention optical measurement of said surface is affected in quasi real time.
Erroll P K Ottens, Emmen, Netherlands An apparatus for dehydrating protein containing aqueous slude, e.g., sludge produced in slaughter houses, which comprises an agglomerator positioned above a filter device, the agglomerator having a bottom wall, a cylindrical outer wall, a cylindrical inner wall, the inner wall and the outer wall providing an annular space therebetween, a sludge inlet duct and a steam inlet duct, the sludge inlet duct and the steam inlet duct communicating with said annular space substantially diametrically opposite each other. The steam is injected in such a way that shear forces will be created in the liquid sludge, thus resulting in an improved precipitation of the proteins of the sludge. The steam is preferably injected tangentially with respect to the outer wall of the agglomerator and the annular space is preferably provided with a helically-extending baffle, the steam inlet extending parallel to the surface of a baffle turn. This provides an excellent precipitation of proteins in a continuous process. An outlet pipe is provided within the interior of the inner wall of the agglomerator and extends through the bottom wall, and a funnel-shaped element is connected between the outlet pipe and the upper edge of the inner wall.