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4975194 Process for the disinfection of sewage sludge
XIV
New Pa~ents
A method and attendant apparatus for use in bioleach processing of metal-bearing solids is disclosed. The method includes the placement into a tank of metal-bearing solids, a predetermined quantity of water, oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients and a species of microorganisms capable of oxidizing some portion of the metal-bearing solids and obtaining energy for growth from that oxidation. The slurry formed by this placement is continuously filtered to remove process delimiting metabolic end products products by the oxidation reaction. The ratios of the various slurry components are monitored and controlled to effectuate an optimized environment for oxidation to occur. The attendant apparatus includes a means of introducing oxygen into the bottom of the reactor vessel in the form of small widely dispersed bubbles.
4975194 PROCESS FOR THE DISINFECTION OF SEWAGE SLUDGE
Growth chambers for anchorage-independent cell growth therein are formed of a gel matrix having a surface disallowing anchoragedependent cell growth over the full interior thereof. In a preferred form the chambers have a generally cylidnrical wall and an integral convex bottom wall forming an annular volume at the foot of the cylindrical wall which is substantially lower than the central portion to concentrate such anchorage-indpendent cells. The gel matrix is sufficiently permeable to permit passage of cell-growth nutrients and waste product solutes through said wall when the chambers are filled below the open end and submerged in a growth medium. Preferably the gel matrix is formed of I% to 5% cross-linked polyacrylamide and from 99% to 95% water. In a preferred method of using the growth chambers, undifferentiated tumor cells and normal cells, including fibroblasts, are cultured together. Anchorageindependent tumor cells proliferate while anchorage-dependent cells are unable to grow without attachment. The method is useful for evaluating in vitro therapeutic agents to control tumor growth, normal cell growth or microspheres and generation of immunoglobulins from lymphocyte cells.
Leonhard Fuchs, Martin Fuchs, Mayen 1, Federal Republic Of Germany The process for the disinfection of sewage sludge prior to introducing same into an anaerobic sewage sludge processing step involving the recovery of methane gas by heating the sewage sludge in a preceding disinfection step at from 50 degrees C. to 70 degrees C., and preferably at from 55 degrees C. to 65 degrees C., for a period of from l to 72 hours, and preferably of from 12 to 36 hours, while throughly mixing the sewage sludge with an oxygen-containing gas is carried out by using, as the oxygen-containing gas, a mixture comprising from 10 to 70% by volume of fresh air and 30 to 90% by volume of vent gas from the disinfection step, the oxygen contents of the gas mixture being maintained within the range of from 5 to 15% by volume, and preferably of from 7 to 12% by volume.
4975377 CELL GROWTH CHAMBERS AND METHOD OF USE THEREOF Mare E Key
4975585 RADIATION DOSE MONITOR Katsuji Asai, Amagasaki, Japan assigned to Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha A radiation dose monitor includes a power supply electrode disposed on one side of an ionization chamber containing a gas which is ionized by a radiation beam, and a first pair of coplanar collector electrodes disposed on the other side of the ionization chamber from the power supply electrode, being separated from each other by a first band-shaped gap. A second pair of coplanar collector electrodes are disposed adjacent to the first pair of collector electrodes on the same side of the power supply electrode as the first pair of coplanar collector electrodes, and separated from each other by a second bandshaped gap which extends in a direction at an angle with respect to the first band-shaped gap. The second pair of coplanar collector electrodes receive an ionization current from the ionization chamber and through the first band-shaped gap.
New Pa~ents
A method and attendant apparatus for use in bioleach processing of metal-bearing solids is disclosed. The method includes the placement into a tank of metal-bearing solids, a predetermined quantity of water, oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients and a species of microorganisms capable of oxidizing some portion of the metal-bearing solids and obtaining energy for growth from that oxidation. The slurry formed by this placement is continuously filtered to remove process delimiting metabolic end products products by the oxidation reaction. The ratios of the various slurry components are monitored and controlled to effectuate an optimized environment for oxidation to occur. The attendant apparatus includes a means of introducing oxygen into the bottom of the reactor vessel in the form of small widely dispersed bubbles.
4975194 PROCESS FOR THE DISINFECTION OF SEWAGE SLUDGE
Growth chambers for anchorage-independent cell growth therein are formed of a gel matrix having a surface disallowing anchoragedependent cell growth over the full interior thereof. In a preferred form the chambers have a generally cylidnrical wall and an integral convex bottom wall forming an annular volume at the foot of the cylindrical wall which is substantially lower than the central portion to concentrate such anchorage-indpendent cells. The gel matrix is sufficiently permeable to permit passage of cell-growth nutrients and waste product solutes through said wall when the chambers are filled below the open end and submerged in a growth medium. Preferably the gel matrix is formed of I% to 5% cross-linked polyacrylamide and from 99% to 95% water. In a preferred method of using the growth chambers, undifferentiated tumor cells and normal cells, including fibroblasts, are cultured together. Anchorageindependent tumor cells proliferate while anchorage-dependent cells are unable to grow without attachment. The method is useful for evaluating in vitro therapeutic agents to control tumor growth, normal cell growth or microspheres and generation of immunoglobulins from lymphocyte cells.
Leonhard Fuchs, Martin Fuchs, Mayen 1, Federal Republic Of Germany The process for the disinfection of sewage sludge prior to introducing same into an anaerobic sewage sludge processing step involving the recovery of methane gas by heating the sewage sludge in a preceding disinfection step at from 50 degrees C. to 70 degrees C., and preferably at from 55 degrees C. to 65 degrees C., for a period of from l to 72 hours, and preferably of from 12 to 36 hours, while throughly mixing the sewage sludge with an oxygen-containing gas is carried out by using, as the oxygen-containing gas, a mixture comprising from 10 to 70% by volume of fresh air and 30 to 90% by volume of vent gas from the disinfection step, the oxygen contents of the gas mixture being maintained within the range of from 5 to 15% by volume, and preferably of from 7 to 12% by volume.
4975377 CELL GROWTH CHAMBERS AND METHOD OF USE THEREOF Mare E Key
4975585 RADIATION DOSE MONITOR Katsuji Asai, Amagasaki, Japan assigned to Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha A radiation dose monitor includes a power supply electrode disposed on one side of an ionization chamber containing a gas which is ionized by a radiation beam, and a first pair of coplanar collector electrodes disposed on the other side of the ionization chamber from the power supply electrode, being separated from each other by a first band-shaped gap. A second pair of coplanar collector electrodes are disposed adjacent to the first pair of collector electrodes on the same side of the power supply electrode as the first pair of coplanar collector electrodes, and separated from each other by a second bandshaped gap which extends in a direction at an angle with respect to the first band-shaped gap. The second pair of coplanar collector electrodes receive an ionization current from the ionization chamber and through the first band-shaped gap.