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52.5 BLUNTED NEURAL RESPONSE TO REWARDS PROSPECTIVELY PREDICTS FIRST-ONSET DEPRESSIVE DISORDER AND GREATER DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS IN ADOLESCENT GIRLS
SYMPOSIA 52.4 – 53.0
DDD IMD RF Supported by NIMH Grant R01 MH 069942 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2016.07.431
52.4 NEURAL REACTIVITY TO REWARD AND DEPRESSION RISK IN CHILDREN Autumn J. Kujawa, PhD, Psychiatry, University of Illinois, Chicago, 1747 W Roosevelt Road, Chicago, IL 60608 Objectives: Depression has been characterized by reduced neural reactivity to reward, but relatively little work has examined reward processing as a vulnerability for depression. To evaluate whether abnormalities in reward processing precede the development of depression, we completed a series of studies examining neural reactivity to reward among children who are at risk for depression due to parental history, as well as effects of early parenting on the development of reward processing. Methods: A large community sample group of children aged 9 years, with no history of depression, completed an event-related potential (ERP) reward task in which the reward-positive (RewP) component was measured in response to monetary rewards and losses. We examined the effects of maternal and paternal histories of depression on the RewP in offspring, as well as the moderating role of early parenting, assessed through observation and parent-report when the children were age 3 years. A subset of the sample also completed a fMRI version of the reward task in later childhood to examine associations between parental depression and activation in the ventral striatum, medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) to reward. Results: Children at high risk for depression due to maternal history exhibited reduced reward responses, including a blunted RewP and reduced activation in the ventral striatum. Children at high risk also exhibited overactivation in regions involved in regulation and evaluating risk (i.e., mPFC/ACC) in response to rewards. Effects of parental depression on the RewP were moderated by parenting, such that children with a parental history of depression who experienced low positive or authoritative parenting in early childhood exhibited the most blunted reward responses. Conclusions: Risk for depression appears to be characterized by abnormalities in neural responses to reward, which may be a vulnerability for depression and predispose to the development of symptoms in adolescence or young adulthood. Children at risk for depression seem to be particularly sensitive to the effects of early parenting on the reward system; potential implications for prevention and early intervention will be discussed.
DDD PAT RF Supported by NIMH Grants R01 MH069942 and F31 MH09530701 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2016.07.432
52.5 BLUNTED NEURAL RESPONSE TO REWARDS PROSPECTIVELY PREDICTS FIRST-ONSET DEPRESSIVE DISORDER AND GREATER DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS IN ADOLESCENT GIRLS Brady Nelson, PhD, Psychology, Stony Brook University, Nicholls Road, Stony Brook, NY 11794-2500 Objectives: A blunted neural response to rewards has recently emerged as a potential neurobiological predictor of adolescent depression. The present study examined whether the reward-related positivity, an event-related potential elicited by feedback indicating monetary gain relative to loss, prospectively predicted first onset of depressive disorder and greater depressive symptoms 1.5 years later in adolescent females. Methods: The sample group included 444 girls (ages 13.5–15.5 years), with no lifetime history of a depressive disorder, and a biological parent. At baseline, the adolescents’ reward-related positivity was measured using a monetary guessing task. Lifetime psychiatric history in the adolescent and parent was evaluated with diagnostic interviews, and adolescents’ current depressive symptoms were assessed using a self-report questionnaire.
J OURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF CHILD & ADOLESCENT P SYCHIATRY VOLUME 55 NUMBER 10S OCTOBER 2016
Approximately 1.5 years later, adolescents returned to the laboratory and were readministered the interview and questionnaire. Results: A blunted reward-related positivity at baseline predicted first-onset depressive disorder and greater dysphoria symptoms 1.5 years later. Importantly, the reward-related positivity remained a significant predictor of first onset of depressive disorder and dysphoria symptoms after controlling for other prominent risk factors, including baseline depressive symptoms, lifetime history of an anxiety disorder, and parental history of a depressive or anxiety disorder. Conclusions: The present study provides strong converging evidence that a blunted neural response to rewards precedes adolescent-onset depression and symptom emergence and, therefore, represents an important target for screening and prevention. The results also support the reward-related positivity as viable neurobiological predictor of depression.
ADOL DDD RF Supported by NIMH Grant R01 MH093479 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2016.07.433
SYMPOSIUM 53 A MULTI-FACETED APPROACH TO EVIDENCEBASED DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOPATHOLOGY: HONORING THE CONTRIBUTIONS OF DAVID SHAFFER Bennett L. Leventhal, MD, University of California, San Francisco, 533 Parnassus Ave, UC Hall, Psychiatry, San Francisco, CA 94143; Michael Rutter, MD; Prudence W. Fisher, PhD; Rachel G. Klein, PhD; Madelyn S. Gould, PhD; E. Jane Costello, PhD; Daniel Pine, MD; John Piacentini, PhD; Matthew State, MD, PhD; Herbert Pardes, MD Objectives: Developmental psychopathology is the result of perturbations in brain development that disrupts behavioral, emotional and/or cognitive function, consequently interfering with adaptation. Over the past several decades, the study of developmental psychopathology has moved from speculation and unstructured observation to adopt a multi-faceted, multidisciplinary evidence-based approach to understanding the variations in child and adolescent development and function. This symposium will examine these changes over time. Methods: This symposium will review selected areas of developmental psychopathology to illustrate the recent scientific and methodologic advances in the field with a particular focus on areas in which David Shaffer has made significant contributions. Results: The presentations will include: Michael Rutter – Head Injury and Other Risk Factors for Developmental Psychopathology; Prudence Fisher – Structured Diagnostic Assessment of Children and Adolescents: The DISC and Beyond; Rachel Klein – DSM, an Evidenced-Based Nosology: Assets and Liabilities in the Present and Future; Madelyn Gould – Identification and Prevention of Developmental Psychopathology: The Example of Suicidality and NSSI; Jane Costello – Epidemiology as the Gateway to Understanding the Nature of Developmental Psychopathology; Daniel Pine – Neurobiological Substrates of Developmental Psychopathology: The Case of Anxiety; John Piacentini – Integration of Research and Practice in Clinical-Research Training. Conclusions: Matthew State will offer a discussion that integrates this body of work and its impact on the fields of developmental psychopathology and child and adolescent psychiatry. Herbert Pardes will offer a discussion that places the work of David Shaffer in the context of the evolving study of psychiatry disorders in a developmental framework.
PSP http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2016.08.003
www.jaacap.org
S343
DDD IMD RF Supported by NIMH Grant R01 MH 069942 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2016.07.431
52.4 NEURAL REACTIVITY TO REWARD AND DEPRESSION RISK IN CHILDREN Autumn J. Kujawa, PhD, Psychiatry, University of Illinois, Chicago, 1747 W Roosevelt Road, Chicago, IL 60608 Objectives: Depression has been characterized by reduced neural reactivity to reward, but relatively little work has examined reward processing as a vulnerability for depression. To evaluate whether abnormalities in reward processing precede the development of depression, we completed a series of studies examining neural reactivity to reward among children who are at risk for depression due to parental history, as well as effects of early parenting on the development of reward processing. Methods: A large community sample group of children aged 9 years, with no history of depression, completed an event-related potential (ERP) reward task in which the reward-positive (RewP) component was measured in response to monetary rewards and losses. We examined the effects of maternal and paternal histories of depression on the RewP in offspring, as well as the moderating role of early parenting, assessed through observation and parent-report when the children were age 3 years. A subset of the sample also completed a fMRI version of the reward task in later childhood to examine associations between parental depression and activation in the ventral striatum, medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) to reward. Results: Children at high risk for depression due to maternal history exhibited reduced reward responses, including a blunted RewP and reduced activation in the ventral striatum. Children at high risk also exhibited overactivation in regions involved in regulation and evaluating risk (i.e., mPFC/ACC) in response to rewards. Effects of parental depression on the RewP were moderated by parenting, such that children with a parental history of depression who experienced low positive or authoritative parenting in early childhood exhibited the most blunted reward responses. Conclusions: Risk for depression appears to be characterized by abnormalities in neural responses to reward, which may be a vulnerability for depression and predispose to the development of symptoms in adolescence or young adulthood. Children at risk for depression seem to be particularly sensitive to the effects of early parenting on the reward system; potential implications for prevention and early intervention will be discussed.
DDD PAT RF Supported by NIMH Grants R01 MH069942 and F31 MH09530701 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2016.07.432
52.5 BLUNTED NEURAL RESPONSE TO REWARDS PROSPECTIVELY PREDICTS FIRST-ONSET DEPRESSIVE DISORDER AND GREATER DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS IN ADOLESCENT GIRLS Brady Nelson, PhD, Psychology, Stony Brook University, Nicholls Road, Stony Brook, NY 11794-2500 Objectives: A blunted neural response to rewards has recently emerged as a potential neurobiological predictor of adolescent depression. The present study examined whether the reward-related positivity, an event-related potential elicited by feedback indicating monetary gain relative to loss, prospectively predicted first onset of depressive disorder and greater depressive symptoms 1.5 years later in adolescent females. Methods: The sample group included 444 girls (ages 13.5–15.5 years), with no lifetime history of a depressive disorder, and a biological parent. At baseline, the adolescents’ reward-related positivity was measured using a monetary guessing task. Lifetime psychiatric history in the adolescent and parent was evaluated with diagnostic interviews, and adolescents’ current depressive symptoms were assessed using a self-report questionnaire.
J OURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF CHILD & ADOLESCENT P SYCHIATRY VOLUME 55 NUMBER 10S OCTOBER 2016
Approximately 1.5 years later, adolescents returned to the laboratory and were readministered the interview and questionnaire. Results: A blunted reward-related positivity at baseline predicted first-onset depressive disorder and greater dysphoria symptoms 1.5 years later. Importantly, the reward-related positivity remained a significant predictor of first onset of depressive disorder and dysphoria symptoms after controlling for other prominent risk factors, including baseline depressive symptoms, lifetime history of an anxiety disorder, and parental history of a depressive or anxiety disorder. Conclusions: The present study provides strong converging evidence that a blunted neural response to rewards precedes adolescent-onset depression and symptom emergence and, therefore, represents an important target for screening and prevention. The results also support the reward-related positivity as viable neurobiological predictor of depression.
ADOL DDD RF Supported by NIMH Grant R01 MH093479 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2016.07.433
SYMPOSIUM 53 A MULTI-FACETED APPROACH TO EVIDENCEBASED DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOPATHOLOGY: HONORING THE CONTRIBUTIONS OF DAVID SHAFFER Bennett L. Leventhal, MD, University of California, San Francisco, 533 Parnassus Ave, UC Hall, Psychiatry, San Francisco, CA 94143; Michael Rutter, MD; Prudence W. Fisher, PhD; Rachel G. Klein, PhD; Madelyn S. Gould, PhD; E. Jane Costello, PhD; Daniel Pine, MD; John Piacentini, PhD; Matthew State, MD, PhD; Herbert Pardes, MD Objectives: Developmental psychopathology is the result of perturbations in brain development that disrupts behavioral, emotional and/or cognitive function, consequently interfering with adaptation. Over the past several decades, the study of developmental psychopathology has moved from speculation and unstructured observation to adopt a multi-faceted, multidisciplinary evidence-based approach to understanding the variations in child and adolescent development and function. This symposium will examine these changes over time. Methods: This symposium will review selected areas of developmental psychopathology to illustrate the recent scientific and methodologic advances in the field with a particular focus on areas in which David Shaffer has made significant contributions. Results: The presentations will include: Michael Rutter – Head Injury and Other Risk Factors for Developmental Psychopathology; Prudence Fisher – Structured Diagnostic Assessment of Children and Adolescents: The DISC and Beyond; Rachel Klein – DSM, an Evidenced-Based Nosology: Assets and Liabilities in the Present and Future; Madelyn Gould – Identification and Prevention of Developmental Psychopathology: The Example of Suicidality and NSSI; Jane Costello – Epidemiology as the Gateway to Understanding the Nature of Developmental Psychopathology; Daniel Pine – Neurobiological Substrates of Developmental Psychopathology: The Case of Anxiety; John Piacentini – Integration of Research and Practice in Clinical-Research Training. Conclusions: Matthew State will offer a discussion that integrates this body of work and its impact on the fields of developmental psychopathology and child and adolescent psychiatry. Herbert Pardes will offer a discussion that places the work of David Shaffer in the context of the evolving study of psychiatry disorders in a developmental framework.
PSP http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2016.08.003
www.jaacap.org
S343