- Email: [email protected]
56. Measurement of the glass transition temperature of pitch and mesophase pitch by TMA
Abstracts space Corporation, P.O. Box 92957, Los Angeles, CA 90009, U.S.A.). The mesophase transformation
within a carbon fiber bundle proceeds differently than in pyrolysis of bulk pitch. In the early stages, both mesophase and pitch wet the fiber, and the mesophase layers align parallel to the fiber surfaces. After pyrolysis through mesophase hardening, the semicoke is easily fractured by local stresses. 51. Disclinations
in a graphite-fiber bundle
J. E. Zimmer and R. L. Weitz (Acurex Corporation, P.O. Box 7555, Mountain View, CA 94039, U.S.A.).
The array of graphite filaments in a composite fiber bundle and the parallel alignment of the mesophase at the surface of the filaments prescribe the types of negative wedge disclinations in the matrix. Disclinations of strength S = - l/2, - 1, - 3/2 and -2 exist respectively in triangular, square, pentagonal, and hexagonal arrays. 52. Carbonaceous mesopbase prepared from coal tar through a co-carbonization
process
Y. Matsumura, T. Maeda, K. Murase and J. Mondori (Research Center, Osaka Gas Co., Ltd., 6-19-9 Torishima, Konohana-ku, Osaka 554, Japan)
and I. Mochida (Research Institute of Industrial Science, Kyshu University, Fukuoka 812, Japan). Preparation and characterization of soft carbonaceous mesophase which is a suitable precursor for the carbon fiber of high performance were studied, using coal tar as a starting material. Co-carbonization of coal tar pitch or coal tar with hydrogenated anthracene oils was found to provide mesophase of high solubility in quinoline.
209
of anisotropic features developed during the course of carbonization have been determined by optical microscopy. 55. Mesophase formation in impregnating pitches W. Bradshaw and V. Mamone (Lockheed Palo Alto Research Laboratory, Palo Alto, CA 94304, U.S.A.).
Mesophase formation in four impregnating pitches, and modifications thereof were studied by optical and scanning electron microscopy. XES was used to investigate the nature of metallic impurities. X-Ray diffraction was used to study degree of disorder, fine structure, and crystallite size. Data were correlated with information obtained by solvent separation, FTIR, and pyrolysis gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. 56. Measurement of the glass transition temperature of pitch and mesophase pitch by TMA and S. Whitehouse (Department of Ceramics, Glasses and Polymers, University of Shefield SIO 2T.Z. England). Measurement of the
B. Rand
glass transition temperatures of mesophase pitches produced by pyrolysis at atmospheric pressure poses experimental difficulties. A method of interpreting the penetration curve obtained by TMA is described and applied to a number of systems. This method locates the temperature at which the apparent viscosity is lOI Pa’s. and also yields viscositytemperature data in the range 10R-10’2 Pa’s. 57. Influence of shearing during mesophase formation of pitches on properties of the resulting graphites
E. Fitzer and C. Holley (Znstitut fiir Chemische mesophase prepared from petioleum, coal tar and aromatic-derived pitches Yozo Korai, Yoshihisa Sone and Isao Mochida (Research Institute of Industrial Science, Kyushu Unimesomvsity, Kasuga 816, Japan). Carbonaceous
53. Carbonaceous
phase were prepared from petroleum, coal tar and aromatic derived pitches under some conditions to reveal how the starting structure influences their properties. Although mesophase of high solubility and fusibility was managed to be produced from all of them by choosing the conditions, coal tar pitch was inferior to A240 and aromatic derived ones in solubility and fusibility. Hydrogenation enhanced solubility of mesophase from CTP. Structural difference of mesophase components will be discussed. 54. Kinetics of mesophase formation during carbonization of petroleum heavy residua
Semih Eser and Robert G. Jenkins (Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, U.S.A.).
The kinetics of semi-coke and mesophase formation during the carbonization of various petroleum heavy residua and their toluene soluble/pentane insoluble fractions have been studied. Shape and development
Technik, Universittit Karlsruhe, Kaiserstrab 12, 7500 Karlsruhe, FRG). Various pitches were heated up to
bulk mesophase formation temperature of about 500°C under quiescent and sheared condition. The influence of such a shearing treatment up to shear rates of 57 s ’ on the thermal expansion behaviour of coked and graphitized samples (2400°C) was studied. 58. Studies on the formation of mesophase in the hydrogenated asphaltene from various bitumens
B. N. Nandi,? L. A. Ciavagliai and J. A. MacPhee§ (Combustion and Carbonization Research Laboratory, CANMET, Energy Research Laboratories, Energy, Mines and Resources, Canada KIA Ocl). On heat treating hydrogenated asphaltenes
from various bitumens several types of mesophase are observed. The type of mesophase depends on the chemical and physical properties of the original bitumen. The chemistry of asphaltenes from bitumen will also be discussed in relation to hydrogenation,
tHead, Coal & Coke Constitution. IPhysical Scientist. $Research Scientist.
within a carbon fiber bundle proceeds differently than in pyrolysis of bulk pitch. In the early stages, both mesophase and pitch wet the fiber, and the mesophase layers align parallel to the fiber surfaces. After pyrolysis through mesophase hardening, the semicoke is easily fractured by local stresses. 51. Disclinations
in a graphite-fiber bundle
J. E. Zimmer and R. L. Weitz (Acurex Corporation, P.O. Box 7555, Mountain View, CA 94039, U.S.A.).
The array of graphite filaments in a composite fiber bundle and the parallel alignment of the mesophase at the surface of the filaments prescribe the types of negative wedge disclinations in the matrix. Disclinations of strength S = - l/2, - 1, - 3/2 and -2 exist respectively in triangular, square, pentagonal, and hexagonal arrays. 52. Carbonaceous mesopbase prepared from coal tar through a co-carbonization
process
Y. Matsumura, T. Maeda, K. Murase and J. Mondori (Research Center, Osaka Gas Co., Ltd., 6-19-9 Torishima, Konohana-ku, Osaka 554, Japan)
and I. Mochida (Research Institute of Industrial Science, Kyshu University, Fukuoka 812, Japan). Preparation and characterization of soft carbonaceous mesophase which is a suitable precursor for the carbon fiber of high performance were studied, using coal tar as a starting material. Co-carbonization of coal tar pitch or coal tar with hydrogenated anthracene oils was found to provide mesophase of high solubility in quinoline.
209
of anisotropic features developed during the course of carbonization have been determined by optical microscopy. 55. Mesophase formation in impregnating pitches W. Bradshaw and V. Mamone (Lockheed Palo Alto Research Laboratory, Palo Alto, CA 94304, U.S.A.).
Mesophase formation in four impregnating pitches, and modifications thereof were studied by optical and scanning electron microscopy. XES was used to investigate the nature of metallic impurities. X-Ray diffraction was used to study degree of disorder, fine structure, and crystallite size. Data were correlated with information obtained by solvent separation, FTIR, and pyrolysis gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. 56. Measurement of the glass transition temperature of pitch and mesophase pitch by TMA and S. Whitehouse (Department of Ceramics, Glasses and Polymers, University of Shefield SIO 2T.Z. England). Measurement of the
B. Rand
glass transition temperatures of mesophase pitches produced by pyrolysis at atmospheric pressure poses experimental difficulties. A method of interpreting the penetration curve obtained by TMA is described and applied to a number of systems. This method locates the temperature at which the apparent viscosity is lOI Pa’s. and also yields viscositytemperature data in the range 10R-10’2 Pa’s. 57. Influence of shearing during mesophase formation of pitches on properties of the resulting graphites
E. Fitzer and C. Holley (Znstitut fiir Chemische mesophase prepared from petioleum, coal tar and aromatic-derived pitches Yozo Korai, Yoshihisa Sone and Isao Mochida (Research Institute of Industrial Science, Kyushu Unimesomvsity, Kasuga 816, Japan). Carbonaceous
53. Carbonaceous
phase were prepared from petroleum, coal tar and aromatic derived pitches under some conditions to reveal how the starting structure influences their properties. Although mesophase of high solubility and fusibility was managed to be produced from all of them by choosing the conditions, coal tar pitch was inferior to A240 and aromatic derived ones in solubility and fusibility. Hydrogenation enhanced solubility of mesophase from CTP. Structural difference of mesophase components will be discussed. 54. Kinetics of mesophase formation during carbonization of petroleum heavy residua
Semih Eser and Robert G. Jenkins (Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, U.S.A.).
The kinetics of semi-coke and mesophase formation during the carbonization of various petroleum heavy residua and their toluene soluble/pentane insoluble fractions have been studied. Shape and development
Technik, Universittit Karlsruhe, Kaiserstrab 12, 7500 Karlsruhe, FRG). Various pitches were heated up to
bulk mesophase formation temperature of about 500°C under quiescent and sheared condition. The influence of such a shearing treatment up to shear rates of 57 s ’ on the thermal expansion behaviour of coked and graphitized samples (2400°C) was studied. 58. Studies on the formation of mesophase in the hydrogenated asphaltene from various bitumens
B. N. Nandi,? L. A. Ciavagliai and J. A. MacPhee§ (Combustion and Carbonization Research Laboratory, CANMET, Energy Research Laboratories, Energy, Mines and Resources, Canada KIA Ocl). On heat treating hydrogenated asphaltenes
from various bitumens several types of mesophase are observed. The type of mesophase depends on the chemical and physical properties of the original bitumen. The chemistry of asphaltenes from bitumen will also be discussed in relation to hydrogenation,
tHead, Coal & Coke Constitution. IPhysical Scientist. $Research Scientist.