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5D-4 Growth before 2 years of age and serum lipids 60 years later: the Helsinki Birth Cohort Study
S74 respectively in boys; 18.9% and 5.2% in girls. Urban children had higher mean BMI than rural children by 0.5 kg/m2 (95% CI: 0.02, 1.00 kg/m2 ); were nearly twice as likely to be obese (6.8% vs 4.1%; adjusted odds ratio 1.9; 95% CI 1.0 3.5) though prevalence of underweight (12.4% in boys and 13.1% in girls) did not differ between urban and rural settings. Boys who were physically active during school breaks had lower BMI by an average of 0.4 kg/m2 (95% CI: 0.2, 1.4 kg/m2 ) than those who were not. Although more children attending rural schools walk to school (55%) than those in urban (37%) this did not confound the associations. Conclusions: Mauritian children are facing the combined challenges of obesity and overweight (particularly in urban settings) while an appreciable prevalence of underweight persists. 5D-4 Growth before 2 years of age and serum lipids 60 years later: the Helsinki Birth Cohort Study E. Kajantie1 *, D.J.P. Barker2,3 , C. Osmond4 , T. Fors´ en1,5 , J.G. Eriksson1,5 . 1 The National Public Health Institute, Helsinki, Finland, 2 Heart Research Center, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Sciences University, Portland, OR, USA, 3 Developmental origins of Health and Disease Division, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK, 4 Medical Research Council Epidemiology Resource Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK, 5 Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland Aims: Small body size at birth and slow growth during the first two years after birth are associated with coronary heart disease and stroke in adult life. We tested the hypothesis that this path of growth is associated with an atherogenic lipid profile in later life. Study design: Clinical birth cohort study. Subjects: 1999 members of the Helsinki Birth Cohort, born between 1934 and 1944, who had on average 11 measurements of height and weight between birth and 2 years of age. Outcome measures: Serum lipid concentrations at ages 57 to 70 years. Results: The 18% of subjects who used lipid-lowering medication had a lower BMI at birth and at 2 years. These subjects were excluded from the analyses of lipid profiles. Men and women who had lower BMI at birth had higher non-HDL cholesterol (p = 0.05) and apolipoprotein B (p = 0.006) concentrations. A slower increase in BMI during the first 6 months after birth was associated with lower HDL and higher non-HDL cholesterol concentrations. A lower BMI at 2 years was associated with lower HDL cholesterol (p = 0.02) and higher non-HDL cholesterol (p = 0.003) and apolipoprotein B (p < 0.001) concentrations. The age at weaning off breastmilk was not associated with lipid profile in later life. Conclusions: Slow weight gain during fetal life and infancy are associated with an atherogenic lipid profile in adult life. While nonHDL cholesterol metabolism is established in utero and modified during the first two years after birth the critical period for HDL cholesterol metabolism may be during the first six months after birth. 5D-5 Antenatal growth trajectories are associated with postnatal growth trajectories and cardiovascular outcomes R.C. Huang1 *, T.A. Mori1 , J.P. Newnham1 , G. Kendall2 , D. Doherty1 , F.J. Stanley2 , L.I. Landau1 , W.H. Oddy2 , L.J. Palmer1 , L.J. Beilin1 . 1 The University of Western Australia (UWA), 2 Telethon Institute for Child Health Research, UWA, Australia E-mail: [email protected] Aims: Investigation of antenatal growth trajectories on cardiovascular risk in Australian adolescents. Study design, Subjects and Outcome measures: A prospective pregnancy cohort was followed-up from 18 weeks gestation. At 13 years 1377 children underwent anthropometry, fasting lipid and insulin. The original cohort (n = 2455) had abdominal circumference (AC) and femur length (FL) measured by ultrasound at 18 weeks
Oral Submitted Presentations (18wk) and a random half at 24, 28, 34 and 38 weeks gestation. A semi-parametric, group-based method defined antenatal trajectory groups. Slope of antenatal and postnatal weight gain were derived from differences in z-scores of birthweight and abdominal circumference, and weight at 13 and birthweight. One-way ANOVA was used to look at the differences in biochemistry between a group with 18wk gestation AC z-score >1.5SD. Results: 5 antenatal growth trajectories showed a significant difference in weight, height and HDL at 13 years and significant difference to postnatal trajectories on chi-square testing. The constant extreme high abdominal circumference trajectory is predominantly associated with the constant high postnatal weight trajectory. The slope of postnatal weight gain was associated negatively with the slope of antenatal growth (r2 = 0.4, p-value <0.001) and negatively with 18wk AC (r2 = 0.13, p-value <0.001) and FL (r2 = 0.081, p-value <0.001). The high extreme of AC > 1.5SD from mean had higher CRP (x = 2.1, SD=7.7 vs x = 0.9, SD=0.3, p = 0.002) and insulin (x = 14.5, SD=11.9 vs x = 12.0, SD=8.9, p = 0.048) at 13 years. Conclusions: This study shows antenatal growth from 2nd trimester influences postnatal growth trajectories and that high extreme of AC at 18wk is associated with higher insulin and CRP at 13 years. This allows targeted modification of infant lifestyle and possible recognition and modification of at risk pregnancies. 5D-6 High fat high cholesterol diet consumption in pregnancy attenuates bone marrow-derived circulating endothelial progenitor cells and increases the risk of cardiovascular disorders in the offspring M. Elahi1 *, D. Mukhtar1 , F. Cagampang1 , S. Ohri2 , M. Hanson1 . of Developmental Sciences, Developmental Origins of Health & Disease Division, Southampton General Hospital, Mailpoint 887, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK, 2 Wessex Cardiothoracic Centre, General Hospital, Southampton, SO16 0YD, UK E-mail: [email protected]
1 Institute
Aims: We have previously shown that statin therapy in hypercholesterolemic dams during pregnancy and lactation alleviates the risk of adverse metabolic and cardiovascular disorders in their offspring. Here we examine C-reactive protein (CRP) levels and expression of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) in bone marrow cultures from these offspring. Study Design and Subjects: Virgin C57BL/6 mice strain were fed either a high fat diet (HF; fat-45% kcal) or standard chow (C; fat21% kcal) from weaning through to pregnancy and lactation. Half of the pregnant mothers in each group were given the Pravastatin (5mg/kg/day) in their drinking water from the second half of pregnancy through to lactation. Female offspring from each group were then weaned onto either HF or C diets to adulthood. Outcome measures: Body weight, blood pressure, plasma lipid profile and serum CRP were measured in offspring at 27 weeks, bone marrow cells were cultured and expression of EPC markers was assessed. Results: Compared to offspring from C dams female offspring from hypercholesterolemic dams had significantly (P < 0.001) elevated CRP and fewer EPC expressing colonies in cultured bone marrow cells. Statin therapy in HF mothers resulted in their offspring having significantly lower CRP and increased EPC expressing colonies (P < 0.001). Conclusions: These findings suggest that EPC expressing cells and CRP may be involved in the mechanisms whereby statin therapy to hypercholesterolemic dams during pregnancy and lactation reduces the risk of adverse metabolic and cardiovascular function in their offspring. This work is supported by BUPA , HOPE Charity & BHF (UK)
Oral Submitted Presentations (18wk) and a random half at 24, 28, 34 and 38 weeks gestation. A semi-parametric, group-based method defined antenatal trajectory groups. Slope of antenatal and postnatal weight gain were derived from differences in z-scores of birthweight and abdominal circumference, and weight at 13 and birthweight. One-way ANOVA was used to look at the differences in biochemistry between a group with 18wk gestation AC z-score >1.5SD. Results: 5 antenatal growth trajectories showed a significant difference in weight, height and HDL at 13 years and significant difference to postnatal trajectories on chi-square testing. The constant extreme high abdominal circumference trajectory is predominantly associated with the constant high postnatal weight trajectory. The slope of postnatal weight gain was associated negatively with the slope of antenatal growth (r2 = 0.4, p-value <0.001) and negatively with 18wk AC (r2 = 0.13, p-value <0.001) and FL (r2 = 0.081, p-value <0.001). The high extreme of AC > 1.5SD from mean had higher CRP (x = 2.1, SD=7.7 vs x = 0.9, SD=0.3, p = 0.002) and insulin (x = 14.5, SD=11.9 vs x = 12.0, SD=8.9, p = 0.048) at 13 years. Conclusions: This study shows antenatal growth from 2nd trimester influences postnatal growth trajectories and that high extreme of AC at 18wk is associated with higher insulin and CRP at 13 years. This allows targeted modification of infant lifestyle and possible recognition and modification of at risk pregnancies. 5D-6 High fat high cholesterol diet consumption in pregnancy attenuates bone marrow-derived circulating endothelial progenitor cells and increases the risk of cardiovascular disorders in the offspring M. Elahi1 *, D. Mukhtar1 , F. Cagampang1 , S. Ohri2 , M. Hanson1 . of Developmental Sciences, Developmental Origins of Health & Disease Division, Southampton General Hospital, Mailpoint 887, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK, 2 Wessex Cardiothoracic Centre, General Hospital, Southampton, SO16 0YD, UK E-mail: [email protected]
1 Institute
Aims: We have previously shown that statin therapy in hypercholesterolemic dams during pregnancy and lactation alleviates the risk of adverse metabolic and cardiovascular disorders in their offspring. Here we examine C-reactive protein (CRP) levels and expression of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) in bone marrow cultures from these offspring. Study Design and Subjects: Virgin C57BL/6 mice strain were fed either a high fat diet (HF; fat-45% kcal) or standard chow (C; fat21% kcal) from weaning through to pregnancy and lactation. Half of the pregnant mothers in each group were given the Pravastatin (5mg/kg/day) in their drinking water from the second half of pregnancy through to lactation. Female offspring from each group were then weaned onto either HF or C diets to adulthood. Outcome measures: Body weight, blood pressure, plasma lipid profile and serum CRP were measured in offspring at 27 weeks, bone marrow cells were cultured and expression of EPC markers was assessed. Results: Compared to offspring from C dams female offspring from hypercholesterolemic dams had significantly (P < 0.001) elevated CRP and fewer EPC expressing colonies in cultured bone marrow cells. Statin therapy in HF mothers resulted in their offspring having significantly lower CRP and increased EPC expressing colonies (P < 0.001). Conclusions: These findings suggest that EPC expressing cells and CRP may be involved in the mechanisms whereby statin therapy to hypercholesterolemic dams during pregnancy and lactation reduces the risk of adverse metabolic and cardiovascular function in their offspring. This work is supported by BUPA , HOPE Charity & BHF (UK)