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605. Sensitizing copy papers
424
PROCESSING AND PACKAGING CONTAMINANTS
and the retention times measured on the surface of the eye by means of test papers containing dimethylglyoxime. I1 in isotonic saline was superior to I in isotonic saline, or to isotonic saline alone. F r o m these two tests, the authors conclude that a 1-4% solution of II in either distilled water or isotonic saline is potentially a valuable vehicle for topical ophthalmic preparations. [It is also useful to have this information on the blandness of polyvinyl alcohol, should it be required for skirt or other uses.]
604. Allergic dermatitis from shoes de Vries, H. R. (1964). Allergic dermatitis due to shoes. Dermatologica, Basel 128, 68. If your feet have been killing you lately, perhaps you are being poisoned by your shoes. Contact dermatitis due to shoes is most frequently caused by sensitization to rubber chemicals. This paper describes 9 patients who were suffering from bilateral eczematous dermatitis of the feet. It was found that all of them could be cured by removing the footwear causing the condition and treating with non-specific skin remedies. Patch tests from various parts of the shoes gave positive results, but sometimes these did not show up for weeks or even a month. In 5 of the patients it was found that rubber derivatives were the cause and in 4 eases the condition was caused by phenolic resins added to neoprene adhesives. These patients became sensitized to the antioxidant 4,4'-dihydroxydiphenyl. As a result of the patch-test findings, 26 rubber chemicals, 5 resins and 3 phenolic resins were tested in dilutions ranging from 1:102 to I: 107. The results are discussed and the author concludes that in shoe factories everything possible must be done to prevent contamination by the adhesives. The reason why these resins cause such reactions is probably not due to a simple toxic effect since the application of a 1% solution produced no reaction. It is more likely that an allergy exists and that the moisture and temperature within the shoe as well as the p H of the skirt are important. The long latent period from the test to the appearance of the reaction indicates that patch tests with new substances need to be continued for a longer time than is the case in current practice.
605. Sensitizing copy papers Verspijck Mijnssen, G. A. W. (1964). Preliminary report on a case of contact dermatitis due to Ozalid and Radex copy papers. Dermatologica, Basel 128, 93. A case of contact dermatitis, believed to be caused by Ozalid and Radex copy papers, led the author to carry out patch tests with these materials, which contain a diazonium compound. In use, the active papers are inactivated by ultraviolet radiation, where they are not protected by the lines of the original, and the diazonium ( - - N + = N) group in the molecule is converted to gaseous nitrogen. Patch tests with the active papers were positive, and the causative agent seemed to be the diazonium compound, which gave strongly positive patch tests in 10 ~o aqueous solution. Irradiated papers gave negative results. The author presumes that the diazonium group is the sensitizing part of the molecule, in accordance with art earlier association (Malten, Acta derm.-venereol., Stokh. 1957, 37, 353) of the same group with sensitizing dyes used in cotton printing.
PROCESSING AND PACKAGING CONTAMINANTS
and the retention times measured on the surface of the eye by means of test papers containing dimethylglyoxime. I1 in isotonic saline was superior to I in isotonic saline, or to isotonic saline alone. F r o m these two tests, the authors conclude that a 1-4% solution of II in either distilled water or isotonic saline is potentially a valuable vehicle for topical ophthalmic preparations. [It is also useful to have this information on the blandness of polyvinyl alcohol, should it be required for skirt or other uses.]
604. Allergic dermatitis from shoes de Vries, H. R. (1964). Allergic dermatitis due to shoes. Dermatologica, Basel 128, 68. If your feet have been killing you lately, perhaps you are being poisoned by your shoes. Contact dermatitis due to shoes is most frequently caused by sensitization to rubber chemicals. This paper describes 9 patients who were suffering from bilateral eczematous dermatitis of the feet. It was found that all of them could be cured by removing the footwear causing the condition and treating with non-specific skin remedies. Patch tests from various parts of the shoes gave positive results, but sometimes these did not show up for weeks or even a month. In 5 of the patients it was found that rubber derivatives were the cause and in 4 eases the condition was caused by phenolic resins added to neoprene adhesives. These patients became sensitized to the antioxidant 4,4'-dihydroxydiphenyl. As a result of the patch-test findings, 26 rubber chemicals, 5 resins and 3 phenolic resins were tested in dilutions ranging from 1:102 to I: 107. The results are discussed and the author concludes that in shoe factories everything possible must be done to prevent contamination by the adhesives. The reason why these resins cause such reactions is probably not due to a simple toxic effect since the application of a 1% solution produced no reaction. It is more likely that an allergy exists and that the moisture and temperature within the shoe as well as the p H of the skirt are important. The long latent period from the test to the appearance of the reaction indicates that patch tests with new substances need to be continued for a longer time than is the case in current practice.
605. Sensitizing copy papers Verspijck Mijnssen, G. A. W. (1964). Preliminary report on a case of contact dermatitis due to Ozalid and Radex copy papers. Dermatologica, Basel 128, 93. A case of contact dermatitis, believed to be caused by Ozalid and Radex copy papers, led the author to carry out patch tests with these materials, which contain a diazonium compound. In use, the active papers are inactivated by ultraviolet radiation, where they are not protected by the lines of the original, and the diazonium ( - - N + = N) group in the molecule is converted to gaseous nitrogen. Patch tests with the active papers were positive, and the causative agent seemed to be the diazonium compound, which gave strongly positive patch tests in 10 ~o aqueous solution. Irradiated papers gave negative results. The author presumes that the diazonium group is the sensitizing part of the molecule, in accordance with art earlier association (Malten, Acta derm.-venereol., Stokh. 1957, 37, 353) of the same group with sensitizing dyes used in cotton printing.