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730. Measurement of the field of an electrostatic quadrupole lens with concave electrodes by a resistance network
Classified
abstracts
724-738
33 724. Coefficient of exploitation of hydrogen in a high current ion (USSR) source with magnetic plasma emitter. The efficiency of the hydrogen ion beam source is discussed as its value determines the necessary pumping speed of the vacuum system. The maximal ratio of 0.7 to 0.8, for ions in the beam to neutral atoms introduced into the emitter space, is obtained for an emitting arc discharge pressure of 6 :* 10m8 torr with discharge current 80 A and an ion beam current of I to 2 A. N ‘V Pleshivtsev et al, Prihory Tekh Eksper, 12 (6). Nov--Dee lY67. 31-32 (in Russian).
33 (Poland) 733. Atomic caesium frequency standard. A model of the caesium frequency standard, built in Polish Academy of Sciences, is described. The conventional Ramsey method is used. The atomic beam travels through a copper tube, I.2 m long and I6 mm, internal diameter, which has stainless steel chambers at its ends containing the atomic beam source and the detector. The system is evacuated below IO T torr by three of PZK-3 sputter-ion pumps of Polish manufacture. S Hahn et al, Archiv Elektrotech. 16 (4). 1967, 841-855 (in Polish).
33 (USSR) 725. Production of low energy hydrogen ion beams. A duoplasmatron was used as the source of H+ beam and the beam was focused and suppressed by two immersion lenses. In this way beams of diameter 4 mm, with current of 1 mA and energy 400 to 600 eV, were obtained. Yu M Khirnyi and L N Kochemasova. Pribory Tekh Eksper, 12 (6), NowDec 1967, 33- 34 (Or Rassiun). 33 726. Simnle assemblv for deflection and rotation of an intense ion beam. (USSR) _ Windings of a conventional 3-phase electric motor were used to uroduce a rotational magnetic field bv which high-current. highenergy Hi and He+ ion beams are dekected by 7’ and rotated-at 3,000 rev/min. G F Loshchenov and N V Plesbivtsev, Pribory Tekh Eksper, 12 (6). Nov-Dee 1967, 35-37 (in Russian).
33 : 23 734. Heat-resistant (bakeable) constructions for high-vacuum electrophysical apparatus. (USSR) Various forms of seals and flanged joints suitable for use in accelerators and plasma-physics apparatus of the type which have to be baked for long periods under vacuum are described. The reliability of such joints is discussed and the effect of heating and cooling processes on their efficiency is considered. Some new and improved flanged joints of diameters up to 500 mm and metal valves with diameters up to 80 mm are described; in these the contacting surfaces have a conical profile with a ring seal of copper or aluminium wire. Joints of these types have proved extremely efficient under test conditions (tested by means of standard helium leak detectors). I F Malyshev et al, Electroph~xical Apparutm, No 5, Moscow~, Aiotnizdut, 1966, 94-107 (in Russian). 33 735. Directly-heated cathodes with thorium oxide and yttrium oxide (USSR) emitters on a VR-20 alloy base. Tests on the efficiency of directly-heated cathodes with thorium oxide and yttrium oxide emitters are described. For thorium oxide in particular the composition of the base is extremely important; on a tungsten base the oxide rapidly crumbles, it behaves better on a molybdenum base and better still on tantalum, but in the latter case emission falls off with time. A much better base for both thorium oxide and yttrium oxide emitters is the tungsten-rhenium alloy VR-20 (W-21 per cent Re). The technology of manufacturing cathodes on the basis of this alloy is described and its principal electrical characteristics are given for each type of oxide coating. The working temperature is about 175O’C for both ThOz and Y,O,. I A Moshkin, UzSSR Funlar Akad Akhboroti. Fiz-Mutern Funbri Ser, Izv AN UzS.9R SW Fiz-Mufew N. No 3. 1967, 53 56 (in RmGun).
33 727. Influence of ion-optical system element tolerances on particle beams. (USSR) The influence of tolerances of magnetic focusing elements on the ion beam parameters is theoretically investigated. I M Bazbenova et al. Prihory Tekh Eksper, 12 (6), Now Dee lY67, 40-41 (in Russian). 33 728. Use of light modelling for molecular beams investigations. (USSR) Movement of molecular beams in vacuum was simulated by means of light beams. The method is discussed and some experimental data are presented. A I Fedorenko, Pribory Tekh Eksper, 12 (6), Not!- Dee 1967, 128-130 (in Russian). 33 729. A 650 mA ion gun. (USSR) A gun producing a 650 mA beam of 40 keV hydrogen ions is described. Using magnetic focusing a beam diameter of about 50 mm is obtained at a distance of I m from the ion source. D V Karetnikov et al, Pribory Tekh Eksper, 12 (6), NowDee 1967, 157-l 59 (in Russian). 33 730. Measurement of the field of an electrostatic quadrupole lens with (USSR) concave electrodes by a resistance network. The field distribution of an electrostatic simple quadrupole lens was modelled by means of a resistance network. M Sziladi et al, Radiotekh Elektron, 13 (I), Ju,z 1968, 185-187 (in Russian). 33 731. Dependence on the length-to-diameter ratio of the amplification (USSR) factor of a multiplier with a continuous dynode. The amplification factor for different ratios of capillary length to internal diamettr was measured for a capillary tube made of BiNaglass as the continuous dynode of a secondary electron multiplier in an electron microscope. A M Yakobson and G A Chuyko, Rudiotekh Elektvon, 13 Cl), Jm 1968, 129-133 (in Russian). 33 732. Production of highly excited hydrogen molecules and atoms by fast H+, and H+, ions passing through H,, Ne and Mg and Na vapours. (USSR) The formation of H, molecules and H atoms with principal quantum numbers greater than 8, during the passage of 20 to 180 keV hydrogen ions through a gas target, is experimentally investigated. E S Solov’ev et al, Zh Eksper Teor Fiz, 53 (6), Dee lYh7, lY33-IY41 (in Russian). 302
33 736. Suspension for coating the cathodes of electrical vacuum apparatus. (USSR) A modification of the ordinary method of coating cathodes in electronic apparatus with the carbonates of alkaline-earth metals in organic solvents is described. In the ordinary process the binding elements comprise organic compounds and nitrocellulose, which makes the suspension volatile, toxic, and a fire hazard. The new suspension is distinguished by the fact that the binding element incorporates chitosan, which simplifies and cheapens the preparation of the coating. Cathode coatings obtained by the new method are in no way inferior to nitrocellulose-based coatings as regards waterrepelling properties and density; they also have a much better adhesion to the substrate. A I Soloveichik and N A Iofis, USSR Patent 120,782, Appl 14th Aug 1958, Pub1 25th Feb 1967. 33 (USSR) 737. A double grid for electronic vacuum apparatus. The construction of ordinary double grids in electronic vacuum apparatus is described. These consist basically of two metal plates with central openings, for the free passage of the cathode, and other openings for the fixing of molybdenum cross-pieces. The plates are insulated from the cross-pieces by means of ceramic sleeves. The neu form of double grid here proposed differs from the conventional type in that the plates themselves are made of insulating material. Thus metal cross-pieces may thus be fixed directly in the plates without the intervention of insulating sleeves. This simplifies construction and improves manufacturing efficiency. L M Lipkovskii et al, USSR Patent 183,840, Appl 22nd Sepr 1964, Pub1 23rd Aug 1966. 33 738. Method of assembling a cathode-modulator unit. (USSR) A method of assembling cathode-modulator units, ensuring exact
abstracts
724-738
33 724. Coefficient of exploitation of hydrogen in a high current ion (USSR) source with magnetic plasma emitter. The efficiency of the hydrogen ion beam source is discussed as its value determines the necessary pumping speed of the vacuum system. The maximal ratio of 0.7 to 0.8, for ions in the beam to neutral atoms introduced into the emitter space, is obtained for an emitting arc discharge pressure of 6 :* 10m8 torr with discharge current 80 A and an ion beam current of I to 2 A. N ‘V Pleshivtsev et al, Prihory Tekh Eksper, 12 (6). Nov--Dee lY67. 31-32 (in Russian).
33 (Poland) 733. Atomic caesium frequency standard. A model of the caesium frequency standard, built in Polish Academy of Sciences, is described. The conventional Ramsey method is used. The atomic beam travels through a copper tube, I.2 m long and I6 mm, internal diameter, which has stainless steel chambers at its ends containing the atomic beam source and the detector. The system is evacuated below IO T torr by three of PZK-3 sputter-ion pumps of Polish manufacture. S Hahn et al, Archiv Elektrotech. 16 (4). 1967, 841-855 (in Polish).
33 (USSR) 725. Production of low energy hydrogen ion beams. A duoplasmatron was used as the source of H+ beam and the beam was focused and suppressed by two immersion lenses. In this way beams of diameter 4 mm, with current of 1 mA and energy 400 to 600 eV, were obtained. Yu M Khirnyi and L N Kochemasova. Pribory Tekh Eksper, 12 (6), NowDec 1967, 33- 34 (Or Rassiun). 33 726. Simnle assemblv for deflection and rotation of an intense ion beam. (USSR) _ Windings of a conventional 3-phase electric motor were used to uroduce a rotational magnetic field bv which high-current. highenergy Hi and He+ ion beams are dekected by 7’ and rotated-at 3,000 rev/min. G F Loshchenov and N V Plesbivtsev, Pribory Tekh Eksper, 12 (6). Nov-Dee 1967, 35-37 (in Russian).
33 : 23 734. Heat-resistant (bakeable) constructions for high-vacuum electrophysical apparatus. (USSR) Various forms of seals and flanged joints suitable for use in accelerators and plasma-physics apparatus of the type which have to be baked for long periods under vacuum are described. The reliability of such joints is discussed and the effect of heating and cooling processes on their efficiency is considered. Some new and improved flanged joints of diameters up to 500 mm and metal valves with diameters up to 80 mm are described; in these the contacting surfaces have a conical profile with a ring seal of copper or aluminium wire. Joints of these types have proved extremely efficient under test conditions (tested by means of standard helium leak detectors). I F Malyshev et al, Electroph~xical Apparutm, No 5, Moscow~, Aiotnizdut, 1966, 94-107 (in Russian). 33 735. Directly-heated cathodes with thorium oxide and yttrium oxide (USSR) emitters on a VR-20 alloy base. Tests on the efficiency of directly-heated cathodes with thorium oxide and yttrium oxide emitters are described. For thorium oxide in particular the composition of the base is extremely important; on a tungsten base the oxide rapidly crumbles, it behaves better on a molybdenum base and better still on tantalum, but in the latter case emission falls off with time. A much better base for both thorium oxide and yttrium oxide emitters is the tungsten-rhenium alloy VR-20 (W-21 per cent Re). The technology of manufacturing cathodes on the basis of this alloy is described and its principal electrical characteristics are given for each type of oxide coating. The working temperature is about 175O’C for both ThOz and Y,O,. I A Moshkin, UzSSR Funlar Akad Akhboroti. Fiz-Mutern Funbri Ser, Izv AN UzS.9R SW Fiz-Mufew N. No 3. 1967, 53 56 (in RmGun).
33 727. Influence of ion-optical system element tolerances on particle beams. (USSR) The influence of tolerances of magnetic focusing elements on the ion beam parameters is theoretically investigated. I M Bazbenova et al. Prihory Tekh Eksper, 12 (6), Now Dee lY67, 40-41 (in Russian). 33 728. Use of light modelling for molecular beams investigations. (USSR) Movement of molecular beams in vacuum was simulated by means of light beams. The method is discussed and some experimental data are presented. A I Fedorenko, Pribory Tekh Eksper, 12 (6), Not!- Dee 1967, 128-130 (in Russian). 33 729. A 650 mA ion gun. (USSR) A gun producing a 650 mA beam of 40 keV hydrogen ions is described. Using magnetic focusing a beam diameter of about 50 mm is obtained at a distance of I m from the ion source. D V Karetnikov et al, Pribory Tekh Eksper, 12 (6), NowDee 1967, 157-l 59 (in Russian). 33 730. Measurement of the field of an electrostatic quadrupole lens with (USSR) concave electrodes by a resistance network. The field distribution of an electrostatic simple quadrupole lens was modelled by means of a resistance network. M Sziladi et al, Radiotekh Elektron, 13 (I), Ju,z 1968, 185-187 (in Russian). 33 731. Dependence on the length-to-diameter ratio of the amplification (USSR) factor of a multiplier with a continuous dynode. The amplification factor for different ratios of capillary length to internal diamettr was measured for a capillary tube made of BiNaglass as the continuous dynode of a secondary electron multiplier in an electron microscope. A M Yakobson and G A Chuyko, Rudiotekh Elektvon, 13 Cl), Jm 1968, 129-133 (in Russian). 33 732. Production of highly excited hydrogen molecules and atoms by fast H+, and H+, ions passing through H,, Ne and Mg and Na vapours. (USSR) The formation of H, molecules and H atoms with principal quantum numbers greater than 8, during the passage of 20 to 180 keV hydrogen ions through a gas target, is experimentally investigated. E S Solov’ev et al, Zh Eksper Teor Fiz, 53 (6), Dee lYh7, lY33-IY41 (in Russian). 302
33 736. Suspension for coating the cathodes of electrical vacuum apparatus. (USSR) A modification of the ordinary method of coating cathodes in electronic apparatus with the carbonates of alkaline-earth metals in organic solvents is described. In the ordinary process the binding elements comprise organic compounds and nitrocellulose, which makes the suspension volatile, toxic, and a fire hazard. The new suspension is distinguished by the fact that the binding element incorporates chitosan, which simplifies and cheapens the preparation of the coating. Cathode coatings obtained by the new method are in no way inferior to nitrocellulose-based coatings as regards waterrepelling properties and density; they also have a much better adhesion to the substrate. A I Soloveichik and N A Iofis, USSR Patent 120,782, Appl 14th Aug 1958, Pub1 25th Feb 1967. 33 (USSR) 737. A double grid for electronic vacuum apparatus. The construction of ordinary double grids in electronic vacuum apparatus is described. These consist basically of two metal plates with central openings, for the free passage of the cathode, and other openings for the fixing of molybdenum cross-pieces. The plates are insulated from the cross-pieces by means of ceramic sleeves. The neu form of double grid here proposed differs from the conventional type in that the plates themselves are made of insulating material. Thus metal cross-pieces may thus be fixed directly in the plates without the intervention of insulating sleeves. This simplifies construction and improves manufacturing efficiency. L M Lipkovskii et al, USSR Patent 183,840, Appl 22nd Sepr 1964, Pub1 23rd Aug 1966. 33 738. Method of assembling a cathode-modulator unit. (USSR) A method of assembling cathode-modulator units, ensuring exact