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87:6009 Long-term observations on the southern flank of Georges Bank
OLR (1987)34 (I I)
A. PhysicalOceanography
by E. Bahar. Lab. de Telecommunications et d'Hyperfrequences, Univ. Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
A40. Area studies, surveys 87:6009 Butman, Bradford and R.C. Beardsley, 1987. Longterm observations on the southern flank of Georges Bank. Part I. A description of the seasonal cycle of currents, temperature, stratification, and wind stress. J. phys. Oceanogr., 17(3):367-384.
The mean flow at 45 and 75 m was southwestward at ~8.5 and 3.7 cm s ~, respectively. At 45 m the monthly along-bank flow ranged from 2 to 17 cm s t, and the average seasonal change was ~ 6 cm s t; strongest southwestward flow was in September and weakest flow in March. At 75 m there was no significant seasonal change in the monthly mean along-bank flow. USGS, Woods Hole, M A 02543, USA. 87:6010 Gordon, A.L. and W.B. Owens, 1987. Polar oceans. [Review.] Revs Geophys., 25(2):227-233.
Progress in studies of ocean circulation, water mass formation, and ocean-ice interaction in both the Southern Ocean and the Arctic region during the period 1983-86 is surveyed. This review places emphasis on U.S. publications, but other significant work is included. It is not meant to be a complete synthesis of polar oceanography of the last four years, but rather to provide an overview of progress. There are articles included in the reference list not cited in the text. Lamont-Doherty Geol. Observ., Palisades, NY 10964, USA. 87:6011 Molina, Rafael and F.L. Laatzen, 1986. [Hydrology of the region between the eastern Canary Islands, Morocco and the Madeira Islands. Campaign Norcanarias I.] Boln Inst. esp. Oceanogr., 3(3): 116. (In Spanish, English abstract.) Inst. Espanol de Oceanogr., Centro Costero de Canarias, Carretera de San Andres, s/n. Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain. 87:6012 Omstedt, Anders, 1987. Water cooling in the entrance of the Baltic Sea. Tellus, 39A(3):254-265.
Calculations are based upon a mathematical model which divides the entrance of the Baltic into four sub-basins: the Kattegat, the Belt Sea, Oresund and
913
the Arkona Basin. In each sub-basin, conservation equations for momentum, heat and salt in the vertical dimension are solved with vertical mean velocities based upon parameterized in- and outflows; turbulent exchange coefficients are calculated. Measured data demonstrate the importance of considering the exchange through the Baltic entrance when modelling autumn cooling. The mathematical model satisfactorily describes the exchange and general development of the cooling. Swedish Meteorol. and Hydrol. Inst., S-601 76 Norrkoping, Sweden. 87:6013 Pyatin, O.G., Yu.A. Rassadnikov, A.D. Nelezin and N.S. Vanin, 1986. Information support to research in the Kuroshio energy-active zone. Sov. Met. Hydrol. (a translation of Meteorologiya Gidrol.), 9:47-52.
This paper outlines a method for monitoring the ocean surface heat budget which uses all possible information on the Kuroshio energy-active zone; some practical results illustrating the possibilities of the method are presented. Orb) 87:6014 Reverdin, Gilles and Mich~le Fieux, 1987. Sections in the western Indian Ocean--variability in the temperature structure. Deep-Sea Res., 34(4A): 601-626. The seasonal cycle of the temperature structure is presented along two sections which cut the Great Whirl near 8°N, where variations of isotherm depths are concentrated between June and November. Between 5°N and 8°S variability is predominantly semi-annual, whereas farther south it is annual. The seasonal cycle of vertical displacements of isotherms for temperatures colder than 15°C is similar to the cycle obtained in the core of the thermocline, with a slight lag. Deviations from the mean seasonal cycle are generally coherent over 5 ° of latitude, smaller near the Equator, and not well correlated vertically, nor on long time scales. North of the Equator anomalies may be related to variations in strength of the southwest monsoon. In September and in November 1982, a year with a weak southwest monsoon, the intensity of the Great Whirl was weaker than normal. In 1983, the reverse occurred. LODYC, CNRS UA 1206, Univ. Paris VI, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France. 87:6015 Rudels, Bert, 1986. The outflow of polar water through the Arctic Archipelago and the oceanographic conditions in Baffin Bay. Polar Res., (n.s.)4(2): 161-180.
A. PhysicalOceanography
by E. Bahar. Lab. de Telecommunications et d'Hyperfrequences, Univ. Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
A40. Area studies, surveys 87:6009 Butman, Bradford and R.C. Beardsley, 1987. Longterm observations on the southern flank of Georges Bank. Part I. A description of the seasonal cycle of currents, temperature, stratification, and wind stress. J. phys. Oceanogr., 17(3):367-384.
The mean flow at 45 and 75 m was southwestward at ~8.5 and 3.7 cm s ~, respectively. At 45 m the monthly along-bank flow ranged from 2 to 17 cm s t, and the average seasonal change was ~ 6 cm s t; strongest southwestward flow was in September and weakest flow in March. At 75 m there was no significant seasonal change in the monthly mean along-bank flow. USGS, Woods Hole, M A 02543, USA. 87:6010 Gordon, A.L. and W.B. Owens, 1987. Polar oceans. [Review.] Revs Geophys., 25(2):227-233.
Progress in studies of ocean circulation, water mass formation, and ocean-ice interaction in both the Southern Ocean and the Arctic region during the period 1983-86 is surveyed. This review places emphasis on U.S. publications, but other significant work is included. It is not meant to be a complete synthesis of polar oceanography of the last four years, but rather to provide an overview of progress. There are articles included in the reference list not cited in the text. Lamont-Doherty Geol. Observ., Palisades, NY 10964, USA. 87:6011 Molina, Rafael and F.L. Laatzen, 1986. [Hydrology of the region between the eastern Canary Islands, Morocco and the Madeira Islands. Campaign Norcanarias I.] Boln Inst. esp. Oceanogr., 3(3): 116. (In Spanish, English abstract.) Inst. Espanol de Oceanogr., Centro Costero de Canarias, Carretera de San Andres, s/n. Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain. 87:6012 Omstedt, Anders, 1987. Water cooling in the entrance of the Baltic Sea. Tellus, 39A(3):254-265.
Calculations are based upon a mathematical model which divides the entrance of the Baltic into four sub-basins: the Kattegat, the Belt Sea, Oresund and
913
the Arkona Basin. In each sub-basin, conservation equations for momentum, heat and salt in the vertical dimension are solved with vertical mean velocities based upon parameterized in- and outflows; turbulent exchange coefficients are calculated. Measured data demonstrate the importance of considering the exchange through the Baltic entrance when modelling autumn cooling. The mathematical model satisfactorily describes the exchange and general development of the cooling. Swedish Meteorol. and Hydrol. Inst., S-601 76 Norrkoping, Sweden. 87:6013 Pyatin, O.G., Yu.A. Rassadnikov, A.D. Nelezin and N.S. Vanin, 1986. Information support to research in the Kuroshio energy-active zone. Sov. Met. Hydrol. (a translation of Meteorologiya Gidrol.), 9:47-52.
This paper outlines a method for monitoring the ocean surface heat budget which uses all possible information on the Kuroshio energy-active zone; some practical results illustrating the possibilities of the method are presented. Orb) 87:6014 Reverdin, Gilles and Mich~le Fieux, 1987. Sections in the western Indian Ocean--variability in the temperature structure. Deep-Sea Res., 34(4A): 601-626. The seasonal cycle of the temperature structure is presented along two sections which cut the Great Whirl near 8°N, where variations of isotherm depths are concentrated between June and November. Between 5°N and 8°S variability is predominantly semi-annual, whereas farther south it is annual. The seasonal cycle of vertical displacements of isotherms for temperatures colder than 15°C is similar to the cycle obtained in the core of the thermocline, with a slight lag. Deviations from the mean seasonal cycle are generally coherent over 5 ° of latitude, smaller near the Equator, and not well correlated vertically, nor on long time scales. North of the Equator anomalies may be related to variations in strength of the southwest monsoon. In September and in November 1982, a year with a weak southwest monsoon, the intensity of the Great Whirl was weaker than normal. In 1983, the reverse occurred. LODYC, CNRS UA 1206, Univ. Paris VI, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France. 87:6015 Rudels, Bert, 1986. The outflow of polar water through the Arctic Archipelago and the oceanographic conditions in Baffin Bay. Polar Res., (n.s.)4(2): 161-180.