87:6472 An attempt to determine trophic structure of the bottom fauna in coastal waters of the Gulf of Gdańsk

OLR (1987) 34 (1 I)

E. Biological Oceanography

communities of the Cape Horn Archipelago: rock and boulder environment. Estud. Oceanol., 5:67105. (In Spanish, English abstract.) Inst. de la Patagonia, Univ. de Magallanes, Casilla 113, D, Punta Arenas, Chile. 87:6469 Jiang, Jinxiang, Liqiang Huang and Fan Meng, 1986. Distributional characteristics of benthic communities on the continental shelf of Donghai Sea. Taiwan Strait, 5(1):70-77. (In Chinese, English abstract.) Third Inst. of Oceanogr., SOA, Xiamen, People's Republic of China. 87:6470 Moskalev, L.I. and S.V. Galkin, 1986. Investigations of the fauna of submarine upheavals during the ninth cruise of R/V Academic Mystislav Keldysh. Zoologicheskii Zh., 65(11):1716-1721. (In Russian, English abstract.) Inst. of Oceanol., Acad. of Sci., Moscow, USSR. 87:6471 Templado, J. et ai., 1986. Preliminary study of the associated fauna to the curalliferous bottoms of the Alboran Sea (SE Spain). Boln Inst. esp. Oceanogr., 3(4):93-104. (In Spanish, English abstract.) Museo Nacional de Ciencias Nat., Gutierrez Abascal, 2. Madrid, Spain. 87:6472 Wiktor, Krystyna, 1985. An attempt to determine trophic structure of the bottom fauna in coastal waters of the Gulf of Gdafisk. Oceanologia, Warsz., 21:109-122. Inst. of Oceanogr., Univ. of Gdaflsk, Poland. 87:6473 Witman, J.D., 1987. Subtidai coexistence: storms, grazing, mutualism, and the zonation of kelps and mussels. Ecol. Monogr., 57(2): 167-187. Observations and physical removal experiments at exposed Gulf of Maine sites showed that the upward distribution of mussels (Modiolus modiolus) was not restricted by recruitment failure but by the effects of kelp overgrowth, which results in greatly increased storm-induced mussel dislodgement. The downward distribution of kelp is controlled by sea urchin grazing. Urchin removal experiments showed that urchin grazing of kelp off mussel beds reduces the chances of mussel dislodgement. The urchin-mussel interaction is described as facultative mutualism. Mar. Sci. Center, Northeastern Univ., Nahant, MA 01908, USA. (gsb)

987

El20. Estuarine, marsh and mangrove communities 87:6474 Asmus, Ragnhild, 1984. [Benthic and pelagic primary productivity and nutrient flow. An investigation in the shallows of the North Sea.] Ber. Inst. Meeresk. Christian-Albrechts-Univ., 131:129pp. (In German, English abstract.) Measurements of community metabolism were conducted in three different communities: the Arenicola fiat, a seagrass bed, and the Nereis-Corophium belt. The species composition of planktic diatoms is more dynamic than that of benthic diatoms, and planktic diatom biomass is very small compared with benthic diatoms. The high summer primary productivity is favored by intense nutrient flow out of the sediment into the overlying water. Biol. Anstalt Helgoland, Litoralstation D-2282 List/Sylt, FRG. 87:6475 Bertness, M.D. and A.M. Ellison, 1987. Determinants of pattern in a New England salt marsh plant community. Ecol. Monogr., 57(2): 129-147. Although the physical gradients of the marsh restrict the distribution of the high marsh perennials Spartina patens and Juncus gerardi, the overall community pattern is most strongly affected by physical disturbance and especially by interspecific competition (which in turn is determined by plant morphology). The authors suggest that the competitive advantage of phalanx morphology over guerilla morphology and clonai plants over solitary plants observed in New England salt marshes may be a general pattern of many plant communities. Grad. Prog. in Ecol. and Evolutionary Biol., Box G, Brown Univ., Providence, RI 02912, USA. (gsb) 87:6476 Sand-Jensen, Kaj and N.P. Revsbech, 1987. Pbotesynthesis and light adaptation in epiphytemacrophyte associations measured by oxygen microelectrodes. Limnol. Oceanogr., 32(2):452457. Profiles of oxygen and photosynthesis were measured by a microelectrode within I-2-mm-thick epiphyte layers on leaves of Potamogeton crispus. Photosynthetic rates showed one maximum near the surface of the epiphytic community and a second maximum at the leaf surface. Oxygen release from the association to the overlying water was positive down to low irradiances (22-37/~Einst m 2 s ~), and despite extensive self-shading, maximum oxygen release occurred at only 300 /~Einst m 2 s ~. Light