- Email: [email protected]
87:6589 Variation in adenylate energy charge and phosphoadenylate pool size in estuarine organisms after an oil spill
~OLR (1987) 34 ( I 1)
E. Biological Oceanography
999
g7:6582 Mottet, N.K. and M.L. Landolt, 1987. Advantages of using aquatic animals for biomedical research on reproductive toxicology. Environ. Hlth Perspect., 71:69-75.
with reports on specific organ/cellular systems such as nerve membranes, chemoreceptors, and kidneys. Four papers deal largely with the metaboF.sm of xenobiotics, and the last six papers are wholeorganism studies (5 on fish, l on birds). (gsb)
Major advantages of using aquatic animals, such as trout, English sole, or sea urchins, to study the mechanisms of reproductive toxicology are discussed. The remarkable synchrony of differentiation of gametes in large quantities, for detailed morphologic and biochemical measurements, enables research not readily done on mammalian nonseasonal breeders. Structural differences (such as the absence of a fibrous sheath in the more simple structure of fish and sea urchin sperm flagella) facilitate comparative study of the mechanism of action of microtubules in flagella movement and the coupling of mitochondrial energy production to microtubules movement. Dept. of Pathol. and Environ. Health, Univ. of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
87:6585 Raspor, B., J. Pavi~i~ and M. Branica, 1987. Possible biological reference material for environmental control analyses----cadmium induced proteins from Mytilus galioprovincialis. Z. analyt. Chem., 326(7):719-722. Center for Mar. Res. Zagreb, Rudjer Boskovic Inst., Zagreb, Yugoslavia.
87:6583 Okpokwasili, G.C., C.C. Somerville, Margery Sullivan, D.J. Grimes and R.R. Colwell, 1986/87. Plasmifl mediated degradation of hydrocarbons in estuarine bacteria. Oil chem. Pollut., 3(2):117129.
87:6587 Riznyk, R.Z., J.T. Hardy, Walter Pearson and Lorelle Jabs, 1987. Short-term effects of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons on sea-surface microlayer phytoneuston. Bull. environ. Contamin. Toxicol., 38(6):1037-1043.
Previous studies have shown that hydrocarbonpolluted Chesapeake Bay sediments harbor microbes capable of degrading phenanthrene (a non-carcinogenic substrate useful as a model of PAH degradation) and that bacterial adherence to liquid hydrocarbons is necessary for growth on a particular substrate. In this study, the role of plasmids in degradation and the importance of adherence and emulsification are examined. Two phenanthrene degrading isolates harbored plasmids which are shown to be important in emulsification of hydrocarbons and, in one case, in clearing phenanthrene. Dept. of Microbiol., Univ. of Port Harcourt, PMB 5323, Port Harcourt, Nigeria. (gsb)
A 10-1000 fold accumulation of pollutants (metals and organics) has previously been demonstrated for the sea-surface microlayer of Puget Sound. In this study, the impact of PAHs concentrated in the surface microlayer on ph?'toneuston community dynamics was examined in-sx u during summer when blooms are common. Battelle/Mar. Res. Lab., 439 W. Sequim Bay Rd., Sequim, WA 98382, USA. (gsb)
87:6586 Ray, S. and V. Jerome, 1987. Copper, zinc, cadmium, and lead in scallops (Placopecten magellanicus) from the [Canadian] maritimes. Can. tech. Rept Fish. aquat. Sci., 1519:29pp. Fish. and Environ. Sci., Dept. of Fish. and Oceans, Biol. Station, St. Andrews, NB E0G 2X0, Canada.
87:6588 Rostron, D.M., D.I. Little and S.E. Howells, 1986/87. A study of the sediments and communities in Mifford Haven, Wales, Oil chem. Pollut., 3(2): 131-166. 14 Merlins Cross, Lower Lamphey Rd., Pembroke, Dyfed, Wales.
87:6584 Pritchard, J.B. (ed.), 1987. Mec~nisms of pollutant action in aquatic organisms. [Conference] May 21-23, 1986 Research Triangle Park, North Carolina. Environ. HIth Perspect., 71:193pp; 19 papers.
87:6589 Shafer, T.H. and C.T. Hackney, 1987. Variation in adenylate energy charge and pbospboadenylate pool size in estuarine organisms after an oil spill. Bull. environ. Contamin. Toxicol., 38(5):753-761.
This collection of papers represents an assessment of the current status of comparative pharmacological research into the effects of xenobiotic pollutants on aquatic systems and the modes of interaction between pollutants and aquatic organisms. General contributions discussing the comparative approach and large-scale neoplasm studies are included, along
Total phosphoadenylate pool (TPP) size and adenylate energy charge (AEC) were compared for their usefulness as indicators of environmental stress in a long-term study of oil contamination in the Cape Fear River, North Carolina. The results indicate that TPP is not a better indicator of stress than AEC, as had been suggested, that the response of AEC to
1000
E. Biological Oceanography
stress varies among species, and that seasonal variation in phosphoadenylate parameters may be greater than those induced by environmental stress. Dept. of Biol. Sci., Univ. of North Carolina, Wilmington, NC 28403, USA. (gsb) 87:6590 Shen, G.T. and E.A. Boyle, 1987. Lead in corals: reconstruction of historical industrial fluxes to the surface ocean. Earth planet. Sci. Letts, 82(34):289-304. Measurements of lattice-bound Pb in sequential scleractinian coral bands reveal temporal changes in surface water Pb concentrations and Pb isotopic distributions. Perturbations are observable in all specimens studied, attesting to global augmentation of environmental Pb by industrialization. In the western North Atlantic, Pb perturbations have occurred in direct response to the industrial revolution and the subsequent introduction and phasing-out of alkyl Pb additives in gasoline. Surface ocean concentrations are presently declining rapidly as a result of curtailed alkyl Pb usage. Lead isotopic shifts parallel the concentration record indicating that industrial and alkyl Pb source signatures have not changed appreciably in time. In remote areas of the South Pacific and Indian oceans, industrial signals are fainter and the coral studied much younger than their Atlantic counterparts. LamontDoherty Geolog. Observ., Palisades, NY 10964, USA. 87:6591 Shumway, S.E. and T.L. Cucci, 1987. The effects of the toxic dinoflagellate Protogonyanlax tamarensis on the feeding and hehaviour of bivalve molluscs. Aquat. Toxicol., 10(1):9-27. Dept. of Mar. Resour., W Boothbay Harbor, ME 04575, USA. 87:6592 Str0mgren, T., 1987. Effect of oil and dispersants on the growth of mussels. Mar. environ. Res., 21(4):239-246. Univ. of Trondheim, The Museum, Erling Skakkesgt, 47A, N-7000 Trondhelm, Norway. 87:6593 Thompson, G.A. and R.J. Watling, 1987. Bioaccumulation potential of heterotrophic bacteria for lead, selenium, and arsenic. Bull. environ. Contamin. Toxicol., 38(6):1049-1054. Dept. of Pharmacy, Univ. of Port Elizabeth, P.O. Box 1600, Port Elizabeth 6000, South Africa.
O LR (1987) 34 ( 1 I~
87:6594 Unesco, 1986. Human-induced damage to coral reefs. Results of a regional Unesco (COMAR) workshop, Jakarta, Indonesia, May 1985. UNESCO Repts mar. Sci., 40:180pp; 13 papers. Data collected during a workshop on the geomorphology of more than 30 islands (first mapped in the early 1900s), and on the biological status and extent of coral reefs located along an 80-km pollution gradient from Jakarta Bay to the outermost Thousand Islands, revealed that many reefs had deteriorated and some of the islands had almost disappeared since the earlier studies. The need for stricter controls on dredging and sewage release, and the regular monitoring of the reefs is emphasized. Sections on field methods for assessing reef deterioration are included. (hbf) 87:6595 Weis, J.S. and Peddrick Weis, 1987. Pollutants as developmental toxicants in aquatic organisms. Environ. Hlth Perspect., 71:77-85. Studies of the developmental toxicity of pollutants in aquatic organisms (especially fish) are reviewed; structural and functional abnormalities, embryotoxicity and growth effects are considered. Teratogenic bioassay development, quantification of abnormalities, and mechanisms of action are discussed. Dept. of Zool. and Physiol., Rutgers Univ., Newark, NJ 07201, USA. (gsb)
E330. Laboratory culture (rearing experiments, etc.) 87:6596 Ikeda, T., 1987. Mature Antarctic krlll (Euphansia superlm Dana) grown from eggs in the laboratory. J. Plankt. Res., 9(3):565-569. Japan Sea Reg. Fish. Res. Lab., 5939-22, l Suido-Cho, Niigata 95 l, Japan.
F_~O. Aquaculture (commercial) 87:6597 Mairh, O.P., R.S. Pandey and A. Tewari, 1986. Culture of Enteromorpha flexuosa OVulf.) J.Ag. (Chlorophyceae) in outdoor pool. Indian J. mar. Sci., 15(4):212-218. Enteromorpha, a cosmopolitan form, known for its economic importance, possesses antibacterial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Due to the paucity of the alga in nature, a technique for its
E. Biological Oceanography
999
g7:6582 Mottet, N.K. and M.L. Landolt, 1987. Advantages of using aquatic animals for biomedical research on reproductive toxicology. Environ. Hlth Perspect., 71:69-75.
with reports on specific organ/cellular systems such as nerve membranes, chemoreceptors, and kidneys. Four papers deal largely with the metaboF.sm of xenobiotics, and the last six papers are wholeorganism studies (5 on fish, l on birds). (gsb)
Major advantages of using aquatic animals, such as trout, English sole, or sea urchins, to study the mechanisms of reproductive toxicology are discussed. The remarkable synchrony of differentiation of gametes in large quantities, for detailed morphologic and biochemical measurements, enables research not readily done on mammalian nonseasonal breeders. Structural differences (such as the absence of a fibrous sheath in the more simple structure of fish and sea urchin sperm flagella) facilitate comparative study of the mechanism of action of microtubules in flagella movement and the coupling of mitochondrial energy production to microtubules movement. Dept. of Pathol. and Environ. Health, Univ. of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
87:6585 Raspor, B., J. Pavi~i~ and M. Branica, 1987. Possible biological reference material for environmental control analyses----cadmium induced proteins from Mytilus galioprovincialis. Z. analyt. Chem., 326(7):719-722. Center for Mar. Res. Zagreb, Rudjer Boskovic Inst., Zagreb, Yugoslavia.
87:6583 Okpokwasili, G.C., C.C. Somerville, Margery Sullivan, D.J. Grimes and R.R. Colwell, 1986/87. Plasmifl mediated degradation of hydrocarbons in estuarine bacteria. Oil chem. Pollut., 3(2):117129.
87:6587 Riznyk, R.Z., J.T. Hardy, Walter Pearson and Lorelle Jabs, 1987. Short-term effects of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons on sea-surface microlayer phytoneuston. Bull. environ. Contamin. Toxicol., 38(6):1037-1043.
Previous studies have shown that hydrocarbonpolluted Chesapeake Bay sediments harbor microbes capable of degrading phenanthrene (a non-carcinogenic substrate useful as a model of PAH degradation) and that bacterial adherence to liquid hydrocarbons is necessary for growth on a particular substrate. In this study, the role of plasmids in degradation and the importance of adherence and emulsification are examined. Two phenanthrene degrading isolates harbored plasmids which are shown to be important in emulsification of hydrocarbons and, in one case, in clearing phenanthrene. Dept. of Microbiol., Univ. of Port Harcourt, PMB 5323, Port Harcourt, Nigeria. (gsb)
A 10-1000 fold accumulation of pollutants (metals and organics) has previously been demonstrated for the sea-surface microlayer of Puget Sound. In this study, the impact of PAHs concentrated in the surface microlayer on ph?'toneuston community dynamics was examined in-sx u during summer when blooms are common. Battelle/Mar. Res. Lab., 439 W. Sequim Bay Rd., Sequim, WA 98382, USA. (gsb)
87:6586 Ray, S. and V. Jerome, 1987. Copper, zinc, cadmium, and lead in scallops (Placopecten magellanicus) from the [Canadian] maritimes. Can. tech. Rept Fish. aquat. Sci., 1519:29pp. Fish. and Environ. Sci., Dept. of Fish. and Oceans, Biol. Station, St. Andrews, NB E0G 2X0, Canada.
87:6588 Rostron, D.M., D.I. Little and S.E. Howells, 1986/87. A study of the sediments and communities in Mifford Haven, Wales, Oil chem. Pollut., 3(2): 131-166. 14 Merlins Cross, Lower Lamphey Rd., Pembroke, Dyfed, Wales.
87:6584 Pritchard, J.B. (ed.), 1987. Mec~nisms of pollutant action in aquatic organisms. [Conference] May 21-23, 1986 Research Triangle Park, North Carolina. Environ. HIth Perspect., 71:193pp; 19 papers.
87:6589 Shafer, T.H. and C.T. Hackney, 1987. Variation in adenylate energy charge and pbospboadenylate pool size in estuarine organisms after an oil spill. Bull. environ. Contamin. Toxicol., 38(5):753-761.
This collection of papers represents an assessment of the current status of comparative pharmacological research into the effects of xenobiotic pollutants on aquatic systems and the modes of interaction between pollutants and aquatic organisms. General contributions discussing the comparative approach and large-scale neoplasm studies are included, along
Total phosphoadenylate pool (TPP) size and adenylate energy charge (AEC) were compared for their usefulness as indicators of environmental stress in a long-term study of oil contamination in the Cape Fear River, North Carolina. The results indicate that TPP is not a better indicator of stress than AEC, as had been suggested, that the response of AEC to
1000
E. Biological Oceanography
stress varies among species, and that seasonal variation in phosphoadenylate parameters may be greater than those induced by environmental stress. Dept. of Biol. Sci., Univ. of North Carolina, Wilmington, NC 28403, USA. (gsb) 87:6590 Shen, G.T. and E.A. Boyle, 1987. Lead in corals: reconstruction of historical industrial fluxes to the surface ocean. Earth planet. Sci. Letts, 82(34):289-304. Measurements of lattice-bound Pb in sequential scleractinian coral bands reveal temporal changes in surface water Pb concentrations and Pb isotopic distributions. Perturbations are observable in all specimens studied, attesting to global augmentation of environmental Pb by industrialization. In the western North Atlantic, Pb perturbations have occurred in direct response to the industrial revolution and the subsequent introduction and phasing-out of alkyl Pb additives in gasoline. Surface ocean concentrations are presently declining rapidly as a result of curtailed alkyl Pb usage. Lead isotopic shifts parallel the concentration record indicating that industrial and alkyl Pb source signatures have not changed appreciably in time. In remote areas of the South Pacific and Indian oceans, industrial signals are fainter and the coral studied much younger than their Atlantic counterparts. LamontDoherty Geolog. Observ., Palisades, NY 10964, USA. 87:6591 Shumway, S.E. and T.L. Cucci, 1987. The effects of the toxic dinoflagellate Protogonyanlax tamarensis on the feeding and hehaviour of bivalve molluscs. Aquat. Toxicol., 10(1):9-27. Dept. of Mar. Resour., W Boothbay Harbor, ME 04575, USA. 87:6592 Str0mgren, T., 1987. Effect of oil and dispersants on the growth of mussels. Mar. environ. Res., 21(4):239-246. Univ. of Trondheim, The Museum, Erling Skakkesgt, 47A, N-7000 Trondhelm, Norway. 87:6593 Thompson, G.A. and R.J. Watling, 1987. Bioaccumulation potential of heterotrophic bacteria for lead, selenium, and arsenic. Bull. environ. Contamin. Toxicol., 38(6):1049-1054. Dept. of Pharmacy, Univ. of Port Elizabeth, P.O. Box 1600, Port Elizabeth 6000, South Africa.
O LR (1987) 34 ( 1 I~
87:6594 Unesco, 1986. Human-induced damage to coral reefs. Results of a regional Unesco (COMAR) workshop, Jakarta, Indonesia, May 1985. UNESCO Repts mar. Sci., 40:180pp; 13 papers. Data collected during a workshop on the geomorphology of more than 30 islands (first mapped in the early 1900s), and on the biological status and extent of coral reefs located along an 80-km pollution gradient from Jakarta Bay to the outermost Thousand Islands, revealed that many reefs had deteriorated and some of the islands had almost disappeared since the earlier studies. The need for stricter controls on dredging and sewage release, and the regular monitoring of the reefs is emphasized. Sections on field methods for assessing reef deterioration are included. (hbf) 87:6595 Weis, J.S. and Peddrick Weis, 1987. Pollutants as developmental toxicants in aquatic organisms. Environ. Hlth Perspect., 71:77-85. Studies of the developmental toxicity of pollutants in aquatic organisms (especially fish) are reviewed; structural and functional abnormalities, embryotoxicity and growth effects are considered. Teratogenic bioassay development, quantification of abnormalities, and mechanisms of action are discussed. Dept. of Zool. and Physiol., Rutgers Univ., Newark, NJ 07201, USA. (gsb)
E330. Laboratory culture (rearing experiments, etc.) 87:6596 Ikeda, T., 1987. Mature Antarctic krlll (Euphansia superlm Dana) grown from eggs in the laboratory. J. Plankt. Res., 9(3):565-569. Japan Sea Reg. Fish. Res. Lab., 5939-22, l Suido-Cho, Niigata 95 l, Japan.
F_~O. Aquaculture (commercial) 87:6597 Mairh, O.P., R.S. Pandey and A. Tewari, 1986. Culture of Enteromorpha flexuosa OVulf.) J.Ag. (Chlorophyceae) in outdoor pool. Indian J. mar. Sci., 15(4):212-218. Enteromorpha, a cosmopolitan form, known for its economic importance, possesses antibacterial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Due to the paucity of the alga in nature, a technique for its