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00020 The impact of desiccation of a freshwater marsh (Garcines Nord, Camargue, France) on sediment-water-vegetation interactions. Part 2: the submerged macrophyte vegetation
Selected abstracts 94Z/00015 100 years of changes in Ohio peatlands B . K . Andreas & J. D. Knoop, Ohio Journal of Science, 92(5), 1992, pp 130-138. Identified 125 Ohio peatlands that covered 32 198 ha in 1900. In 1991, 2% of these peatlands continued to support typical peatland flora. Of the 98% that have been destroyed, conversion of peaflands to agricultural production was the major factor in causing peatland loss. -from Authors 94Z/00016 The National Marine Fisheries Service habitat conservation efforts in Louisiana, 1980 through 1990 R . D . Hartrnan, R. N. Ruebsamen, P. M. Jones & J. L. Koellen, Marine Fisheries Review, 54(3), 1992, pp 11-20. Data quantifying various aspects of the Corps of Engineers wetland regulatory program in Louisiana from 1980 through 1990 are presented. The National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) recommended that impacts to about 279 000 acres be avoided and that >150 000 acres of compensatory mitigation be provided. Marsh management projects proposed impounding over 197 000 acres of wetlands. -from Authors 94Z/00017 Experiments on the effects of fertilizer and r a b b i t grazing treatments upon the vegetation of a limestone q u a r r y floor B. N. K. Davis, K. H. Lakhani & M. C. Brown, Journal of Applied Ecology, 30(4), 1993, pp 615-628. Two very low levels of fertilizer application and three levels of Oryctolagus cuniculus grazing protection were used to accelerate the colonization of a Leicestershire limestone quarry floor from an initial mean vegetation cover of 21.4%. There was virtually no change in mean percentage cover values in the control plots over 5 yr, but all other treatments produced some increase, especially evident with all-year protection from grazing (increase to 52%), and with combinations of protection plus fertilizer (increase to 35-84%). There was a gradual increase in species richness over the whole experimental area from 34 species m "z to 39 m "2. Species frequency within plots increased significantly under eight of the 12 treatments. Highest values resulted from double fertilizer applications with or without protection from summer grazing by rabbits. The double fertilizer combination gave the greatest number of species in fewer. -from Authors 94Z/00018 Liming as a mitigation tool in G e r m a n y ' s declining forests - reviewing results from former and recent trials R. F. Huettl & H. W. Zoettl, Forest Ecology & Management, 61(3-4), 1993, pp 325-338. Liming is aimed at 'compensating' further acidic deposition at the soil surface andeventually reducing soil acidification and by these means increasing forest vitality. Nevertheless, an NO a constraint of liming remained. Liming can cause acidifidation of the subsoil and the displacement of heavy metal ions. Liming appears to stimulate fine root development in the uppermost soil layers, increasing the danger of frost and drought damage. -from Authors 94Z/00019 How an estuary changed into a freshwater lake: the water m a n a g e m e n t of Lake Volkerak Zoom ed J. C. Hooghart & C. W. S. Posthumus, Proceedings &
Information - Committee for Hydrological Research TNO, 46, 1992, 124 pp. Evaluated the management of Lake Volkerak/'Zoom, a new freshwater system in the Netherlands Delta. The nine papers describe the development of Lake Volkerak/Zoom from the creation of the lake system in 1987 up to the present day. They look at the ecological threats to the lakes and the measures taken (or planned) to create healthy, sustainable ecosystems. -from Editors 94Z/00020 The impact of desiccation of a freshwater marsh (Garcines Nord, Camargue, France) on sedim e n t - w a t e r - v e g e t a t i o n interactions. P a r t 2: the submerged m a c r o p h y t e vegetation C. Van Wijck & C.-J. De Greet, Hydrobiologia, 252(1), 1993, pp 95-103. Many temporary marshes in the Camargue are managed as
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ermanent marshes to create habitats attractive to water= wl. Potamogeton pectinatus, a common food for waterfowl, is in a bad condition in several o f these marshes. A summer drawdown of the permanent marsh Garcines led to a considerable abundance of annual plants and a decrease in the biomass production o f P. pectinatus the following spring. Plants from the centxe sediments had very low root to shoot ratios, which might be caused by sulphide. Many tubers were formed; the tuber production was probably enhanced by stress due to the presence of toxic compounds in the sediment. Repeated short winter drawdowns might be the best management to increase P. pectinatus production. -from Authors 94Z/00021 The structure and m a n a g e m e n t of the u r b a n forest in Prague, Czechoslovakia. I. Growing space in metropolitan Prague G.V. Proteus & R. A. Rowntree, Arboricultural Journal, 17(1), 1993, pp 1-31. Composition was related to management practices, nursery production, public preference, historical development and land use. Significant differences were observed among streetside species with composition varying with institutional, industrial, municipal and private land use. -from Authors 94Z/00022 Ecological evaluation of the t e r r i t o r y in u r b a n agglomerations (an example of the solution on the t e r r i t o r y of Bratislava) M. Kozova & E. Kalivodova, Ecology (Bratislava), 12(1), 1993, pp 81-91. Characterizes outputs that express the ecological 'value' of the natural environmem and proposes new ecologically stabilizing elements. -from Authors 94Z/00023 Ecological problems of the a r i d zone of the n o r t h e r n West A s i a (in R u s s i a n ) Yu. P. Selivestrov, Problemy Osvoeniya Pustyn' Akademiya Nauk Turkmenskoi SSR, 5, 1992, pp 42-48. Changes of the environment of the ecological influence on surface cover, its biota and natural complex as a whole are noted. -from English summary 94Z/00024 The modern state a n d the principal measures on the protection of the Mongolian a r i d ecosystems (in Russian) B . M . Ivakhov & D. Dash, Problemy Osvoeniya Pustyn' Akademya Nauk Turkmenskoi SSR, 5, 1992, pp 56-60. A map is given of nature protection and rational use of the natural resources of the arid zone. The principal measures directed at nature reconstruction in the arid zone are plarmed. -from English summary 94Z/00025 The avian population of an u r b a n bushland reserve at Woilongong, New South Wales: implications for management K . A . Wood, Landscape & Urban Planning, 23(2), 1993, pp 81-95. Some 62 land-bird and 24 water-bird species were present between July 1984 and February 1987. In each calendar month, an average of 32 species was recorded with an average species diversity o f 70%. The avian population was characterised by a small number of species with high abundance and vice versa. Most terrestrial species were habitat specialists, linked to the various microhabitats for food, nesting or protection. Recommendations to preserve the bird community are 1) the catchment should be managed to control siltation and contamination of the wetl ? d , rather ~ a n dredging the estuary itself; 2) wetland verslty snoum oe maintained by allowing water levels to vary naturally; 3) terrestrial microhabitats should be preserved by maintaining their structural and floristic diversity; 4) refuge areas should be established to minimise the impact of human-related disturbance; 5) a network of corridors should be provided to facilitatemovements of birds into the reserve; 6) a buffer zone should be maintained around the reserve to shield the bitdlife from suburban disturbance and domestic animals. -from Author
Information - Committee for Hydrological Research TNO, 46, 1992, 124 pp. Evaluated the management of Lake Volkerak/'Zoom, a new freshwater system in the Netherlands Delta. The nine papers describe the development of Lake Volkerak/Zoom from the creation of the lake system in 1987 up to the present day. They look at the ecological threats to the lakes and the measures taken (or planned) to create healthy, sustainable ecosystems. -from Editors 94Z/00020 The impact of desiccation of a freshwater marsh (Garcines Nord, Camargue, France) on sedim e n t - w a t e r - v e g e t a t i o n interactions. P a r t 2: the submerged m a c r o p h y t e vegetation C. Van Wijck & C.-J. De Greet, Hydrobiologia, 252(1), 1993, pp 95-103. Many temporary marshes in the Camargue are managed as
213
ermanent marshes to create habitats attractive to water= wl. Potamogeton pectinatus, a common food for waterfowl, is in a bad condition in several o f these marshes. A summer drawdown of the permanent marsh Garcines led to a considerable abundance of annual plants and a decrease in the biomass production o f P. pectinatus the following spring. Plants from the centxe sediments had very low root to shoot ratios, which might be caused by sulphide. Many tubers were formed; the tuber production was probably enhanced by stress due to the presence of toxic compounds in the sediment. Repeated short winter drawdowns might be the best management to increase P. pectinatus production. -from Authors 94Z/00021 The structure and m a n a g e m e n t of the u r b a n forest in Prague, Czechoslovakia. I. Growing space in metropolitan Prague G.V. Proteus & R. A. Rowntree, Arboricultural Journal, 17(1), 1993, pp 1-31. Composition was related to management practices, nursery production, public preference, historical development and land use. Significant differences were observed among streetside species with composition varying with institutional, industrial, municipal and private land use. -from Authors 94Z/00022 Ecological evaluation of the t e r r i t o r y in u r b a n agglomerations (an example of the solution on the t e r r i t o r y of Bratislava) M. Kozova & E. Kalivodova, Ecology (Bratislava), 12(1), 1993, pp 81-91. Characterizes outputs that express the ecological 'value' of the natural environmem and proposes new ecologically stabilizing elements. -from Authors 94Z/00023 Ecological problems of the a r i d zone of the n o r t h e r n West A s i a (in R u s s i a n ) Yu. P. Selivestrov, Problemy Osvoeniya Pustyn' Akademiya Nauk Turkmenskoi SSR, 5, 1992, pp 42-48. Changes of the environment of the ecological influence on surface cover, its biota and natural complex as a whole are noted. -from English summary 94Z/00024 The modern state a n d the principal measures on the protection of the Mongolian a r i d ecosystems (in Russian) B . M . Ivakhov & D. Dash, Problemy Osvoeniya Pustyn' Akademya Nauk Turkmenskoi SSR, 5, 1992, pp 56-60. A map is given of nature protection and rational use of the natural resources of the arid zone. The principal measures directed at nature reconstruction in the arid zone are plarmed. -from English summary 94Z/00025 The avian population of an u r b a n bushland reserve at Woilongong, New South Wales: implications for management K . A . Wood, Landscape & Urban Planning, 23(2), 1993, pp 81-95. Some 62 land-bird and 24 water-bird species were present between July 1984 and February 1987. In each calendar month, an average of 32 species was recorded with an average species diversity o f 70%. The avian population was characterised by a small number of species with high abundance and vice versa. Most terrestrial species were habitat specialists, linked to the various microhabitats for food, nesting or protection. Recommendations to preserve the bird community are 1) the catchment should be managed to control siltation and contamination of the wetl ? d , rather ~ a n dredging the estuary itself; 2) wetland verslty snoum oe maintained by allowing water levels to vary naturally; 3) terrestrial microhabitats should be preserved by maintaining their structural and floristic diversity; 4) refuge areas should be established to minimise the impact of human-related disturbance; 5) a network of corridors should be provided to facilitatemovements of birds into the reserve; 6) a buffer zone should be maintained around the reserve to shield the bitdlife from suburban disturbance and domestic animals. -from Author