- Email: [email protected]
01679 Afterburning in spherical premixed turbulent explosions
08
Steam mishg fboibr OperatioWdesign)
08 STEAM RAISING Boiler Operation/Design %/oleSe Doalgn of hl h tomporaturo hlgh pro8aure Iargo capacity boilw for hlgh n R?? blllty Hisatomc, M. ct al., Mitsuldshi Juka Giho, 1994, 31, (l), 2-5. (In
J~PSC)
Industries Ltd, have established a design high-temperature supercritical pressure boilers that meet the 8 cot air pollution prevention rquiremeots. Discusses the materials for trrz hi -temperature hlgh-pressure boilers, ration in an intermediate load mode, and low-emission combustion tee o!enologies. European domeatlc hoatlng update - Frrnch 95/01%7 domo8tk bollora Gilt, J. A. and Whittome, S. A. Reporr EHD4HIl BSRL4, Old Bra&tell
Lane West, BracknelL Be&s, RGl2 %4H, UK 1994, 55 pp.
A report forming part of a European study on domestic central heating rod&s across& larger European countries, known as the Europe& omestic Heatinu Study. Analyses the French domestic boilers market. Supplies tables of statisiics and information plus names and addresses of French domestic boiler suppliers.
I5
95/01868 European domertlc hoatlng update - German domaatlc bollars Gties,J. A and Whittome, S. A. Report EDHZIIII, BSRL+ Oki Bmcknell
Lane West. BracknelL B&s.
RGl2 7AH. UK. 1994. 54
DD.
A report forming part of a European smdy on domest~central heating products across the larger European countries, known as the European Domestic Heating Study. Analyses the German domestic boilers market. Supplies tables of statistics and information plus addresses of Germany domestic boiler suppliers. European domestlc heating update - Rallan gslOl%g domeatlc boilers Gies, J. A and Whittome, S. A. Report EDH31311, BSRLA, Old Bra&tell
Lane West, Bra&tell, Berks. RGI2 7AH, UK, 1994, 41 pp.
A report forming part of a European study on domes¢ral heating cducts across the larger European countries, known as the European !?omcstic Heating Study. Analyses the Italian domestic boilers market. Su plies tables of statistics and information plus names and addresses of Ita!ran boiler suppliers. European domeatlc heating update - Spanish %I01 670 domestlc bollera Gilts, J. A. and Whittome, S. A. Report EHLMIIII. BSRLJ, Old Bra&tell
Lane West, Bra&tell, Berks, RGl2 7AH, UK 1994,36
pp.
A report forming part of a European study on domestic central heating roducts across the larger European countries, known as the European go mestic Heating Study Analyses the Spanish domestic boilers market. Supplies tables of statrstics and information plus addresses of Spanish borler suppliers. Euro an domostlc heating update - Unltod King%I01 671 dom domartlc boPIan Gilts, J. and Whittome, S. A. Report EDH5llI1, BSRL4, Old Bracknell
Lane West, Bra&tell, Berkx RGl2 7AH, U.
1994, 48 pp.
A report forming part of a European study on domcstic~ceotral heating products across the larger European countries, known as the European Domestic Heating Study. Analyses the UK domestic boiler market. Provides tables of statistics and information plus addresses of boiler manufacturers and boiler and radiator distributors. Extondlng the uao of modular bollara 95/01672 Lovcluck,M. Energy in Buildings & Industry, Nov.-Dec. 1994,13, (lo), p. 62. Can modular boilers fit into our present heating system? No problem, says Mike Loveluck, technica r services manager of Broag. Multlpla rtokar-fired retrofit wlth AFBC at 95/01673 Komorany Snow G. C. MPS, Modern Power Systems, Nov. 1994, 14, (ll), 49, 51-52. An atmospheric fluidixed bed boiler bottom to be retrofitted to each of ten boilers at a 937 MWth steam ou ut power station and district heating plant in North Bohemia, Czech Reput&IX, is reviewed. The existing boilers are travclling grate stoker units firing a local, low-rank brown coal. The same fuel supply, together with limestone supplied from the region, wdl be utillxed m the retrofit fluidixed bed boilers. As a result of the retrofit, the particulate emissions will be reduced by over 9846, SOr emissions will be reduced by 8846, and NO, emissions ~111be reduced by 38% compared to the present grate-fired configuration.
114
Fuel and Energy Abstractr March 1995
%iD1614 Prevantlng corroalon In steam bollera Affonso,A. MPS, Modern Power Systems, Nov. 1994, 14, (ll), 29, 31. The author reports that large amounts of hydraxine are still widely used in spite of the fact that ScientrfIc studies have roved that corrosion protection in steam boilers can be perhaps better acgi eved by other less dangerous substancea. An alternative approach is to use substances which do not depend on the absence of oxy en for their protective action, but instead form a mono-molecular film w‘hich isolates the metal surface from corrosive attack as well as scale formation. These substances belong to the polyamine group. 95lOl67S Oulck ovaluatlon of the thrrmodynamlc propetiloo of wator and Warn Senegacnik, A. and Tuma, M. Applies’ Energy, 1994, 49, (4). 369-378. The calculation of thermodynamic roperties of water and steam is familiar but sometimes too slow. Some 01Ber quations with lower pm&ions but faster calculation speeds are therefore tested. Some new simple equations for evaluating the thermodynamic properties of water and steam are demonstrated. The deviations from precrse equations are on average less than a few per cent if the calculations are made in some limited regions. Bigger deviations occur at the surrounding of the critical point and m the evaluation of the specific volume. It is shown that a quick evaluation of thermodynamic properties of water, saturated vapour and su rheated steam is possible with these simple equations. The precision of tf?e simple equations could be regulated by changing the size of the evaluated region. %I01 676
Small rcale CFB haa blg potrntlal
MPS, Moakrn Power Systems, Nov. 1994, 14, (11). U-24.
Reports that theetrial operation of the first of Tampella Power’s CYMIC com&ti;&z;tm flutdtxed-bed boiler has begun at a small chp plant $t l!l e plant, butlt by IV0 Intemattonal for Vapo Gy, 1s fuelled by peat and wood bark and is the first commercial demonstration of a technology which Tampella began developing in 1989. %I01 677
Steam traps spin out energy consumption
Energy in Buildings & Industry, Nov.-Dec. 1994, 13, (lo), p. 60.
Describes how a Rent laundry has found that the installation of steam traps has cut energy consumption by over f8,OOOa year, 95101678
VESTA atandard power plantr uaa CFBC bollon
MPS, Modern Power Systems, NW. 1994, 14, (11). 43-45.
Reports that a range of pOwer plants of standardixed, modular desigu based on circulating fluidixed bed borlers with supercritical steam turbine-generator systems are to be marketed under the name VESTA. lhe units, introduced bv GEC Alsthom. will be suoolied as comolete tumkev oroiects using p;oveo technology 00 very sd&t project schedules of 28 -mGoths from contract signing to commercial operation of the first unit, with successive units coming 00 line at 3 month intervals thereafter.
09 COMBUSTION Burners, Combustion Systems Aftrrburnlng In ?? phorlcal premlxod turbulent %I01 679 oxploalona Bradley, D. et aL, Combustion & Flame, Dec. 1994, 99, (3), 581-590. During the early stages of spherical turbulent flame propagation, more than half of the gas behiid the visible flame front may be unburned. Previous models of the afterburning of the gas behind the apparent flame front have been extended in the present work, to include the effects of flame queoching, consequent upon localiid flame stretch. The predictions of the model cover the spatial and temporal variations of the fraction burned, the &me ropagation rate, and the mass burning rate. They are all in dimensionless Porm and are well supported by associated fan-stirred bomb with control is unburned decreases with Karlovitx stretch factor and the Lewis number. Agglomrratlon of soot partlclea In dlffurlon flames %I01 680 under mlcrogravlty Ito, H. et al., Combustbn & Flame, Nov. 1994, 99, (2), 363-370. Experiments have been conducted to investigate the behaviour of aoot particles in diffusion flames under microgravtty conditins using a 490-m drop shaft (10-s microgravity duration in Hokkaido, Japan. Flames from the combustion of paper sheets and butane jet diffusion flames are observed under microgravity. The oxygen concentration of the surroundings, the butane flow rate, and the burner diameter are varied as cxperimental parameters. The generated soot particles are sampled under microgravity and observed using scaonln electron and transmtssion electron microscopes. The flames wtth a rest*dual convection or forced convection are also observed to examine the influence of flow field on soot particle generation under microgravity. From these results, it is found that a number of large luminous spots appear in diffusion flames under microgravity.
Steam mishg fboibr OperatioWdesign)
08 STEAM RAISING Boiler Operation/Design %/oleSe Doalgn of hl h tomporaturo hlgh pro8aure Iargo capacity boilw for hlgh n R?? blllty Hisatomc, M. ct al., Mitsuldshi Juka Giho, 1994, 31, (l), 2-5. (In
J~PSC)
Industries Ltd, have established a design high-temperature supercritical pressure boilers that meet the 8 cot air pollution prevention rquiremeots. Discusses the materials for trrz hi -temperature hlgh-pressure boilers, ration in an intermediate load mode, and low-emission combustion tee o!enologies. European domeatlc hoatlng update - Frrnch 95/01%7 domo8tk bollora Gilt, J. A. and Whittome, S. A. Reporr EHD4HIl BSRL4, Old Bra&tell
Lane West, BracknelL Be&s, RGl2 %4H, UK 1994, 55 pp.
A report forming part of a European study on domestic central heating rod&s across& larger European countries, known as the Europe& omestic Heatinu Study. Analyses the French domestic boilers market. Supplies tables of statisiics and information plus names and addresses of French domestic boiler suppliers.
I5
95/01868 European domertlc hoatlng update - German domaatlc bollars Gties,J. A and Whittome, S. A. Report EDHZIIII, BSRL+ Oki Bmcknell
Lane West. BracknelL B&s.
RGl2 7AH. UK. 1994. 54
DD.
A report forming part of a European smdy on domest~central heating products across the larger European countries, known as the European Domestic Heating Study. Analyses the German domestic boilers market. Supplies tables of statistics and information plus addresses of Germany domestic boiler suppliers. European domestlc heating update - Rallan gslOl%g domeatlc boilers Gies, J. A and Whittome, S. A. Report EDH31311, BSRLA, Old Bra&tell
Lane West, Bra&tell, Berks. RGI2 7AH, UK, 1994, 41 pp.
A report forming part of a European study on domes¢ral heating cducts across the larger European countries, known as the European !?omcstic Heating Study. Analyses the Italian domestic boilers market. Su plies tables of statistics and information plus names and addresses of Ita!ran boiler suppliers. European domeatlc heating update - Spanish %I01 670 domestlc bollera Gilts, J. A. and Whittome, S. A. Report EHLMIIII. BSRLJ, Old Bra&tell
Lane West, Bra&tell, Berks, RGl2 7AH, UK 1994,36
pp.
A report forming part of a European study on domestic central heating roducts across the larger European countries, known as the European go mestic Heating Study Analyses the Spanish domestic boilers market. Supplies tables of statrstics and information plus addresses of Spanish borler suppliers. Euro an domostlc heating update - Unltod King%I01 671 dom domartlc boPIan Gilts, J. and Whittome, S. A. Report EDH5llI1, BSRL4, Old Bracknell
Lane West, Bra&tell, Berkx RGl2 7AH, U.
1994, 48 pp.
A report forming part of a European study on domcstic~ceotral heating products across the larger European countries, known as the European Domestic Heating Study. Analyses the UK domestic boiler market. Provides tables of statistics and information plus addresses of boiler manufacturers and boiler and radiator distributors. Extondlng the uao of modular bollara 95/01672 Lovcluck,M. Energy in Buildings & Industry, Nov.-Dec. 1994,13, (lo), p. 62. Can modular boilers fit into our present heating system? No problem, says Mike Loveluck, technica r services manager of Broag. Multlpla rtokar-fired retrofit wlth AFBC at 95/01673 Komorany Snow G. C. MPS, Modern Power Systems, Nov. 1994, 14, (ll), 49, 51-52. An atmospheric fluidixed bed boiler bottom to be retrofitted to each of ten boilers at a 937 MWth steam ou ut power station and district heating plant in North Bohemia, Czech Reput&IX, is reviewed. The existing boilers are travclling grate stoker units firing a local, low-rank brown coal. The same fuel supply, together with limestone supplied from the region, wdl be utillxed m the retrofit fluidixed bed boilers. As a result of the retrofit, the particulate emissions will be reduced by over 9846, SOr emissions will be reduced by 8846, and NO, emissions ~111be reduced by 38% compared to the present grate-fired configuration.
114
Fuel and Energy Abstractr March 1995
%iD1614 Prevantlng corroalon In steam bollera Affonso,A. MPS, Modern Power Systems, Nov. 1994, 14, (ll), 29, 31. The author reports that large amounts of hydraxine are still widely used in spite of the fact that ScientrfIc studies have roved that corrosion protection in steam boilers can be perhaps better acgi eved by other less dangerous substancea. An alternative approach is to use substances which do not depend on the absence of oxy en for their protective action, but instead form a mono-molecular film w‘hich isolates the metal surface from corrosive attack as well as scale formation. These substances belong to the polyamine group. 95lOl67S Oulck ovaluatlon of the thrrmodynamlc propetiloo of wator and Warn Senegacnik, A. and Tuma, M. Applies’ Energy, 1994, 49, (4). 369-378. The calculation of thermodynamic roperties of water and steam is familiar but sometimes too slow. Some 01Ber quations with lower pm&ions but faster calculation speeds are therefore tested. Some new simple equations for evaluating the thermodynamic properties of water and steam are demonstrated. The deviations from precrse equations are on average less than a few per cent if the calculations are made in some limited regions. Bigger deviations occur at the surrounding of the critical point and m the evaluation of the specific volume. It is shown that a quick evaluation of thermodynamic properties of water, saturated vapour and su rheated steam is possible with these simple equations. The precision of tf?e simple equations could be regulated by changing the size of the evaluated region. %I01 676
Small rcale CFB haa blg potrntlal
MPS, Moakrn Power Systems, Nov. 1994, 14, (11). U-24.
Reports that theetrial operation of the first of Tampella Power’s CYMIC com&ti;&z;tm flutdtxed-bed boiler has begun at a small chp plant $t l!l e plant, butlt by IV0 Intemattonal for Vapo Gy, 1s fuelled by peat and wood bark and is the first commercial demonstration of a technology which Tampella began developing in 1989. %I01 677
Steam traps spin out energy consumption
Energy in Buildings & Industry, Nov.-Dec. 1994, 13, (lo), p. 60.
Describes how a Rent laundry has found that the installation of steam traps has cut energy consumption by over f8,OOOa year, 95101678
VESTA atandard power plantr uaa CFBC bollon
MPS, Modern Power Systems, NW. 1994, 14, (11). 43-45.
Reports that a range of pOwer plants of standardixed, modular desigu based on circulating fluidixed bed borlers with supercritical steam turbine-generator systems are to be marketed under the name VESTA. lhe units, introduced bv GEC Alsthom. will be suoolied as comolete tumkev oroiects using p;oveo technology 00 very sd&t project schedules of 28 -mGoths from contract signing to commercial operation of the first unit, with successive units coming 00 line at 3 month intervals thereafter.
09 COMBUSTION Burners, Combustion Systems Aftrrburnlng In ?? phorlcal premlxod turbulent %I01 679 oxploalona Bradley, D. et aL, Combustion & Flame, Dec. 1994, 99, (3), 581-590. During the early stages of spherical turbulent flame propagation, more than half of the gas behiid the visible flame front may be unburned. Previous models of the afterburning of the gas behind the apparent flame front have been extended in the present work, to include the effects of flame queoching, consequent upon localiid flame stretch. The predictions of the model cover the spatial and temporal variations of the fraction burned, the &me ropagation rate, and the mass burning rate. They are all in dimensionless Porm and are well supported by associated fan-stirred bomb with control is unburned decreases with Karlovitx stretch factor and the Lewis number. Agglomrratlon of soot partlclea In dlffurlon flames %I01 680 under mlcrogravlty Ito, H. et al., Combustbn & Flame, Nov. 1994, 99, (2), 363-370. Experiments have been conducted to investigate the behaviour of aoot particles in diffusion flames under microgravtty conditins using a 490-m drop shaft (10-s microgravity duration in Hokkaido, Japan. Flames from the combustion of paper sheets and butane jet diffusion flames are observed under microgravity. The oxygen concentration of the surroundings, the butane flow rate, and the burner diameter are varied as cxperimental parameters. The generated soot particles are sampled under microgravity and observed using scaonln electron and transmtssion electron microscopes. The flames wtth a rest*dual convection or forced convection are also observed to examine the influence of flow field on soot particle generation under microgravity. From these results, it is found that a number of large luminous spots appear in diffusion flames under microgravity.