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01813 Low emissions combustor development for an industrial gas turbine to ulitilize LCV fuel gas
11 Pmcess
heating, pow?
and incineration (energy applications in industryl
gs/o1813 Low amiaalona combuator development for an lnduatrlal gee turblna to utlliza LCV fuel gee K&all, 0. J. era& J. Eng. Gas TurbinesPower, 1994,116, (3), 559566. Describesthe advaaced cr generationsystemssuchasthe BritishCoal To@ng cyclewhichop u thepotentialfor high-efficiency electricity generation with minimum environmental impact. An importantcomponent of the T ing Cycle programme is the gas turbine, for which development of a cornE* bon system to burn low calorific value coal derived fuel gas, at a turbine inlet tcmncraturc of lm. with minimum oollutant emissions. is a key R&D issuc.&scnts the Ph& 1 test progra&ne results for a phototype combustor. Design of the modified combustor for Phase 2 of the tivclopment pmgrti is discussed, together with preliminary combustion performance results. %D1814 Low speed damonatratad gas InJectIon technology Hokiyama, J. MP$ ModemPower S s&e? ?ec. 1994, 14, (12), 47-49. Reports th$ Mitsm Enginccnn~ & SL pbmldmg Co.Ltd, has completed what it clto be the world s tirst natural gas-fired low-speed diesel engine demonstration plant. The plant is intended to demonstrate research and establishment of & inject& t&nolo run.9of the diesel oower olant usimz a type low-speed &escl c&ne. %/ol816
Making a caaa for the VW low-apaad anglna
%/01021 An open and shut case of reduced outage tlmaa NuclearEngng. Inr, Dec. 1994, 39, (485), p. 46. The closure of steam turbine casin g .mg convention? bolt keafers, has traditionally been a lengthy and la r~ous task. Hydrauhc tcnsmnmg can, however, reduce critical ath workin from several days to a matter of hours. Describes the devcPopmcnt of i e hydraulic turbine tensioning systern, by Hydra-Tight and Mitsubishi. %/01822 Parapactlvaa for the alactrlc automoblla: Laaaona from hlatoy Chanaron,J. J. Revue de I’Energic, Nov. 1994, (463). 627-635. (In French) The electric car is still far from constituting a perfect tech&al system. Traditional technical solutions still seem to have real improvement potcntialities likely to postpone the emergence of the electric car. The penetration of a technology should not be approached independently from ih social context. %/01823 Small-acala CHP takaa a hold on lndurtry Guttridge, S. Energy in Buildings & I&by, NW.-Dec. 1994,13, (lo), RZrticle explains the growing pularity of small-scale packaged combined heat and power units in in ustrial applications. 95101024 Buparpoaad flow between two dlaca contrarotatlng at difforantlal speed8 Gan, X. et aL, Inr. J. Hear % Fluid Flow, Dec. 1994, 15, (6), 438-445. The aper describes a combined corn utational and experimental study of the Bow between two contrarotating d!sca which is of interest in relation to cooling in gas-turbine acrocngines.
aarchaa for quantum leap In cyllndar oil Mobil ?? 95lQ1816 technology MER. Marine Endnews Rev.. Jan. 1995. D. 36. Repok that in the”global m&i.& lubricanis’markct Mobil claims a leading position with about 22% of the international share. The oil company intends to maintain and increase this share b demonstrating its conimiiment to research and by promoting the bcnc f!ts of its expertise. 95io1817 Modalllng and taatlng of thermal barrlar coatlnga In diaaal analnaa Goodwin, 6. Proc. 2nd Inr. Cant Ceramics in Energy A plications, The Institute ofEnergy 18 Devonshire Sk, London WIN 2A 9 , 1994,p. 382. Discusses how the AustralianDepartment of Dcfencc is keen to minim& the fuel consumption of its considerable inventory of marine diesel engines without incurring performance penalties, and work is being undertaken on both modclling for rformancc prediction, and on the development of advanced materials p” or materials substitution where this might be costeffective. Reviews the use of ceramic materials in marine diesel engines and the potential benefits to be gained. Modern ABB turbochargera rajuvanatlng older dla%I01818 eel engines Muller, R. ABE Review, 1994, (lo), 20-24. Advanced ABB hubo&argcrs arc not dcsi cd specifically for use on new diesel engines. Older lants, too, can pro !Yt from the new, hi@-performante machines, with & nefits in the areas of efficiency, rehabdity and economy. A well-timed retrofit with ABB turbocharges helps to reduce fuel consumption and necessary maintenance as well as operating costs. In some cases, a retrofit will, by lowering the exhaust-gas temperature, reestablish conditions under which the engine can be run again at full load. Obtaining spare arts for ABB turbochargers is also easy thanks to the company’s worl 8.undc service organization. Fast delivery of parts drastitally shortens lay-up times for ships and raises the availability of stationary diesel power plants. The MSR ?? volutlon Ya’aln, A. and Tam, C. W. Nuclear Engng. Int., Dec. 1994, 39, (485),
%lol019
Early moisture se arator reheaters needed frequent maintenance and failed to achieve their %e-sign performance. Describes new versions which need little maintenance and have added to low-pressure turbine longevity and overall electricity production. An 1000 MWa combined cycle chp plant for St. %/01820 Patarabum NW MP$ M&n Power Sysrerns, Dec. 1994, 14 12), 39, 41, 43. Distnct heating supply is as important as the 1d MW of electricity which will be supplied from the new St. Petersburg NW power lannlc~rc~~ local utility Lenenergo via Technopmmexpoti. The first 9& of two gas turbine combined cycle- units are already under construction b a consortium of IV0 International, Siemcns and Polar Corporation. Eat 2: unit will combine two 150 MWe Slcmcns V94.2 gas turbines with a locally manufactured CMI ty-pc waste heat recovery boiler and LMZ steam turbine. The highest possible contribution from indigenous reaourccs ia a major requirement.
124
Fuel and Energy Abetrecta March 1995
%I01 825 Upgradlng of amlaalona compllanca y5yn J. R. et al., MPS, Modem Power Systenq Jan. 1995, 15, (l), Corndining a plant performance upratc with an emission control system retrofit can be a cost effective way to comply with increasingly strict gas turbine emission regulations while contmtig to meet performance requirements. The extensive modifications planned for the eight GE MS7OOlE gas turbines operated by Kern River Cogeneration Company and Sycamore Cogeneration Company in Bakerstleld, CA, in&de a dry low NO, retrofit and a performance uprate that will increase the efficiency and out ut of the units while complying with the best available retrofit control tee In ology requirements of the California Clean Air Act.
11 PROCESS HEATING, POWER AND INCINERATION Energy Applications in Industry 95/01826 Analyala of plpa fallura at the Great Plalna Coal Gaalflcatlon Plant Keiscr, J. R. er aL, Mater. Chcrract., 1994, 33, (2), 147-153. ‘Ike paper describes the rupture of a carbon steel elbow in the methanation area of the Great Plains Coal Gasification Plant which resulted in a fire and plant shutdown. Failure studies consisted of an on-site inspection and an extensive laboratory examination that included light metallography, X-ray fluorescence, X-ray diffraction, chemical analyses, and electron s ctroscopy for chemical analysis. Operation of a heat exchangerunder oF -spccification conditions contributed to hi cr than design temperatures, lower design concentrations of carbon than design pressures, and higher & dioxide and water in the exit line from a condensate separator. It was found that these conditions produced high levels of carbonic acid and hi er than design velocities resulting in severe corrosion of the carbon stceP. 95lO1827 Aaaaaamant of turbulence modala for natural convactlon In an ancloaura :;I$ T. J. et aL, Numerical Hear Transfer, Pat? B, Sep. 1994,26, (2), Two a&able low-Reynolds-number k-c turbulence models have been used to predict turbulent natural convection within a differentially heated enclosure for the purpose of assessing their relative mcrtis. In one mode4 fixed numerical values are cmolovcd for the model cucfficientsz in the other model, the coefficients v’ -with the value of the local turbulence .“r results from both models are compared Reynolds number. The numcnca to published experimental data. In general, the variable coefficient model predicts lower turbulence levels than the fixed coefficient model. Both models predict measured velocity pmflcs adequately, but overall, the prcdictions of the variable coefficient model are euucrior. The average Nussclt numbers arc edicted more accurately by the-variable co&?&t model than by the c cd cocffcient model.
heating, pow?
and incineration (energy applications in industryl
gs/o1813 Low amiaalona combuator development for an lnduatrlal gee turblna to utlliza LCV fuel gee K&all, 0. J. era& J. Eng. Gas TurbinesPower, 1994,116, (3), 559566. Describesthe advaaced cr generationsystemssuchasthe BritishCoal To@ng cyclewhichop u thepotentialfor high-efficiency electricity generation with minimum environmental impact. An importantcomponent of the T ing Cycle programme is the gas turbine, for which development of a cornE* bon system to burn low calorific value coal derived fuel gas, at a turbine inlet tcmncraturc of lm. with minimum oollutant emissions. is a key R&D issuc.&scnts the Ph& 1 test progra&ne results for a phototype combustor. Design of the modified combustor for Phase 2 of the tivclopment pmgrti is discussed, together with preliminary combustion performance results. %D1814 Low speed damonatratad gas InJectIon technology Hokiyama, J. MP$ ModemPower S s&e? ?ec. 1994, 14, (12), 47-49. Reports th$ Mitsm Enginccnn~ & SL pbmldmg Co.Ltd, has completed what it clto be the world s tirst natural gas-fired low-speed diesel engine demonstration plant. The plant is intended to demonstrate research and establishment of & inject& t&nolo run.9of the diesel oower olant usimz a type low-speed &escl c&ne. %/ol816
Making a caaa for the VW low-apaad anglna
%/01021 An open and shut case of reduced outage tlmaa NuclearEngng. Inr, Dec. 1994, 39, (485), p. 46. The closure of steam turbine casin g .mg convention? bolt keafers, has traditionally been a lengthy and la r~ous task. Hydrauhc tcnsmnmg can, however, reduce critical ath workin from several days to a matter of hours. Describes the devcPopmcnt of i e hydraulic turbine tensioning systern, by Hydra-Tight and Mitsubishi. %/01822 Parapactlvaa for the alactrlc automoblla: Laaaona from hlatoy Chanaron,J. J. Revue de I’Energic, Nov. 1994, (463). 627-635. (In French) The electric car is still far from constituting a perfect tech&al system. Traditional technical solutions still seem to have real improvement potcntialities likely to postpone the emergence of the electric car. The penetration of a technology should not be approached independently from ih social context. %/01823 Small-acala CHP takaa a hold on lndurtry Guttridge, S. Energy in Buildings & I&by, NW.-Dec. 1994,13, (lo), RZrticle explains the growing pularity of small-scale packaged combined heat and power units in in ustrial applications. 95101024 Buparpoaad flow between two dlaca contrarotatlng at difforantlal speed8 Gan, X. et aL, Inr. J. Hear % Fluid Flow, Dec. 1994, 15, (6), 438-445. The aper describes a combined corn utational and experimental study of the Bow between two contrarotating d!sca which is of interest in relation to cooling in gas-turbine acrocngines.
aarchaa for quantum leap In cyllndar oil Mobil ?? 95lQ1816 technology MER. Marine Endnews Rev.. Jan. 1995. D. 36. Repok that in the”global m&i.& lubricanis’markct Mobil claims a leading position with about 22% of the international share. The oil company intends to maintain and increase this share b demonstrating its conimiiment to research and by promoting the bcnc f!ts of its expertise. 95io1817 Modalllng and taatlng of thermal barrlar coatlnga In diaaal analnaa Goodwin, 6. Proc. 2nd Inr. Cant Ceramics in Energy A plications, The Institute ofEnergy 18 Devonshire Sk, London WIN 2A 9 , 1994,p. 382. Discusses how the AustralianDepartment of Dcfencc is keen to minim& the fuel consumption of its considerable inventory of marine diesel engines without incurring performance penalties, and work is being undertaken on both modclling for rformancc prediction, and on the development of advanced materials p” or materials substitution where this might be costeffective. Reviews the use of ceramic materials in marine diesel engines and the potential benefits to be gained. Modern ABB turbochargera rajuvanatlng older dla%I01818 eel engines Muller, R. ABE Review, 1994, (lo), 20-24. Advanced ABB hubo&argcrs arc not dcsi cd specifically for use on new diesel engines. Older lants, too, can pro !Yt from the new, hi@-performante machines, with & nefits in the areas of efficiency, rehabdity and economy. A well-timed retrofit with ABB turbocharges helps to reduce fuel consumption and necessary maintenance as well as operating costs. In some cases, a retrofit will, by lowering the exhaust-gas temperature, reestablish conditions under which the engine can be run again at full load. Obtaining spare arts for ABB turbochargers is also easy thanks to the company’s worl 8.undc service organization. Fast delivery of parts drastitally shortens lay-up times for ships and raises the availability of stationary diesel power plants. The MSR ?? volutlon Ya’aln, A. and Tam, C. W. Nuclear Engng. Int., Dec. 1994, 39, (485),
%lol019
Early moisture se arator reheaters needed frequent maintenance and failed to achieve their %e-sign performance. Describes new versions which need little maintenance and have added to low-pressure turbine longevity and overall electricity production. An 1000 MWa combined cycle chp plant for St. %/01820 Patarabum NW MP$ M&n Power Sysrerns, Dec. 1994, 14 12), 39, 41, 43. Distnct heating supply is as important as the 1d MW of electricity which will be supplied from the new St. Petersburg NW power lannlc~rc~~ local utility Lenenergo via Technopmmexpoti. The first 9& of two gas turbine combined cycle- units are already under construction b a consortium of IV0 International, Siemcns and Polar Corporation. Eat 2: unit will combine two 150 MWe Slcmcns V94.2 gas turbines with a locally manufactured CMI ty-pc waste heat recovery boiler and LMZ steam turbine. The highest possible contribution from indigenous reaourccs ia a major requirement.
124
Fuel and Energy Abetrecta March 1995
%I01 825 Upgradlng of amlaalona compllanca y5yn J. R. et al., MPS, Modem Power Systenq Jan. 1995, 15, (l), Corndining a plant performance upratc with an emission control system retrofit can be a cost effective way to comply with increasingly strict gas turbine emission regulations while contmtig to meet performance requirements. The extensive modifications planned for the eight GE MS7OOlE gas turbines operated by Kern River Cogeneration Company and Sycamore Cogeneration Company in Bakerstleld, CA, in&de a dry low NO, retrofit and a performance uprate that will increase the efficiency and out ut of the units while complying with the best available retrofit control tee In ology requirements of the California Clean Air Act.
11 PROCESS HEATING, POWER AND INCINERATION Energy Applications in Industry 95/01826 Analyala of plpa fallura at the Great Plalna Coal Gaalflcatlon Plant Keiscr, J. R. er aL, Mater. Chcrract., 1994, 33, (2), 147-153. ‘Ike paper describes the rupture of a carbon steel elbow in the methanation area of the Great Plains Coal Gasification Plant which resulted in a fire and plant shutdown. Failure studies consisted of an on-site inspection and an extensive laboratory examination that included light metallography, X-ray fluorescence, X-ray diffraction, chemical analyses, and electron s ctroscopy for chemical analysis. Operation of a heat exchangerunder oF -spccification conditions contributed to hi cr than design temperatures, lower design concentrations of carbon than design pressures, and higher & dioxide and water in the exit line from a condensate separator. It was found that these conditions produced high levels of carbonic acid and hi er than design velocities resulting in severe corrosion of the carbon stceP. 95lO1827 Aaaaaamant of turbulence modala for natural convactlon In an ancloaura :;I$ T. J. et aL, Numerical Hear Transfer, Pat? B, Sep. 1994,26, (2), Two a&able low-Reynolds-number k-c turbulence models have been used to predict turbulent natural convection within a differentially heated enclosure for the purpose of assessing their relative mcrtis. In one mode4 fixed numerical values are cmolovcd for the model cucfficientsz in the other model, the coefficients v’ -with the value of the local turbulence .“r results from both models are compared Reynolds number. The numcnca to published experimental data. In general, the variable coefficient model predicts lower turbulence levels than the fixed coefficient model. Both models predict measured velocity pmflcs adequately, but overall, the prcdictions of the variable coefficient model are euucrior. The average Nussclt numbers arc edicted more accurately by the-variable co&?&t model than by the c cd cocffcient model.